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Iron-Catalysed C(sp^(2))-H Borylation with Expanded Functional Group Tolerance

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第24期40卷 2875-2881页

作者： Luke britton Jamie H.Docherty Gary S.Nichol Andrew P.Dominey stephen P.Thomas EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FJ United Kingdom GSK Medicines Research Centre StevenageSG12NY United Kingdom

Arene C(sp^(2))-H bond borylation offers direct and efficient access to aryl boronic *** in situ catalyst activation and photoirradiation,the iron-catalysed C(sp^(2))-H borylation reaction of carboarenes,pyrroles,and indoles has been developed using only bench-stable pre-catalysts and *** functional group tolerance was observed including those not reported using previous methods(ArNH_(2),ArOH,ArSiR_(3),ArP(O)(O)_(2),ArC(O)NR_(2)).Mechanistic studies revealed iron-catalysed reductive deoxygenation,C—F protodefluorination,and a demethylation of aryl methyl ethers by C—O sigma bond hydroboration.

关键词： Iron Earth-abundant C-H borylation Boron Photochemistry

Soil Aeration Variability as Affected by Reoxidation

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Pedosphere 2013年第2期23卷 236-242页

作者： A.WOLIńSKA Z.ste PNIEWSKA Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry The John Paul Ⅱ Catholic University of Lublin

The interplay between soil physical parameters during the recovery from anoxic stresses (reoxidation) is largely unrecognized. This study was conducted to characterise the soil aeration status and derive correlations between variable aeration factors during reoxidation. Surface layers (0-30 cm) of three soil types, Haplic Phaeozem, Mollic Gleysol, and Eutric Cambisol (FAO soil group), were selected for analysis. The moisture content was determined for a range of pF values (0, 1.5, 2.2, 2.7, and 3.2), corresponding to the available water for microorganisms and plant roots. The variability of a number of soil aeration parameters, such as water potential (pF), air-filled porosity (Eg), oxygen diffusion rate (ODR), and redox potential (Eh), were investigated. These parameters were found to be interrelated in most cases. There were significant (P sted by an increase in the values of aeration factors in the soil environment. These results contributed to understanding of soil redox processes during recovery from flooding and might be useful for development of agricultural techniques aiming at soil reoxidation and soil fertility optimisation.

关键词：土壤通气性再氧化变异氧化还原电势氧化还原过程恢复过程水分含量相互作用

Occupational injuries and burn out among orthopedic oncology surgeons

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第12期13卷 1056-1063页

作者： Abdulrahman M Alaseem Robert E Turcotte Nathalie ste-Marie Mohammad M Alzahrani Saad M Alqahtani Krista A Goulding Department of Orthopedic Surgery College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGill University Health CentreMontreal H4A3J1Canada Department of Orthopedic Surgery College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal universityDammam 34212Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo ClinicPhoenixArizona 85054USA

BACKGROUND Orthopedic oncology surgeons commonly engage in prolonged and complex surgical *** types of surgeries increase the risk of physical and psychological stressors,which may in turn make these physicians prone to workrelated occupational *** The aim of this study was to explore in orthopedic oncologists,the prevalence of work-related physical injuries and psychological *** A modified version of the physical discomfort survey was developed to assess occupational injuries among orthopedic oncology surgeon members of the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society,the Canadian Orthopedic Oncology Society and European Musculoskeletal Oncology *** survey was sent by email,and it explored musculoskeletal complaints,psychological disturbances,treatment required for these complaints and the requirement of time off *** A total of 67 surgeon responses were collected.A high number of orthopedic oncologists(84%)reported an occupational *** back pain(39%)was the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition,followed by lumbar disk herniation(16%),shoulder tendinitis(15%)and lateral epicondylitis(13%).Of the cohort,46%required surgery and 31%required time off work due to their ***-three respondents reported a psychological ***(27%),anxiety(20%)and insomnia(20%)were the most commonly *** required off work due to injury was associated with old age and years in *** Orthopedic oncology surgeons report a high prevalence of work-related *** back related injury and burnout were the most reported *** operative room ergonomics and prevention of stress related to the work environment should be areas to explore in upcoming research.

关键词： Orthopedic oncology Surgeons Occupational Musculoskeletal Injuries

A classical equation that accounts for observations of non-Arrhenius and cryogenic grain boundary migration

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1492-1500页

作者： Eric R.Homer Oliver K.Johnson Darcey britton James E.Patterson Eric T.Sevy Gregory B.Thompson Department of Mechanical Engineering Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT84602USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT84602USA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35401USA

Observations of microstructural coarsening at cryogenic temperatures,as well as numerous simulations of grain boundary motion that show faster migration at low temperature than at high temperature,have been troubling because they do not follow the expected Arrhenius *** work demonstrates that classical equations,that are not simplified,account for all these oddities and demonstrate that non-Arrhenius behavior can emerge from thermally activated *** to this classical model,this occurs when the intrinsic barrier energies of the processes become small,allowing activation at cryogenic *** thermal energy then allows the low energy process to proceed in reverse,so increasing temperature only serves to frustrate the forward *** classical form is shown to reconcile and describe a variety of diverse grain boundary migration observations.

关键词： cryogenic grain boundary

HISTORY AND PRESENT STATE OF TRANSLATIONAL ELECTRO-OPTICAL APPLICATIONS TO MEDICINE

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2008年第1期1卷 1-15页

作者： britton CHANCE SHOKO NIOKA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Pennsylvania PA USA Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Lab for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuhanChina

This paper reviews the history of the optoelectric devices applied to biomedical sciences in 20th *** describes history of Vacuum tubes and Spectroscopies with the author’s personal experiences,especially doublebeam ***,the present developments of Near Infra Red(NIR)devices are described in translational biomedical *** includes particulary micro optoelectronics developments and present status of NIR breast cancer ***,intrinsic molecular biomarkers are discussed especially NIR measurements of angiogenensis,hypermetabolism and heat production for cancer detection.

关键词： History vacuum tube double beam spectrometer NIR Biomarker

Epidemiology of injuries in male and female youth football players:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 681-695,F0003页

作者： Francisco Javier Robles-Palazón Alejandro López-Valenciano Mark De ste Croix Jon L.Oliver Alberto García-Gómez Pilar Sainz de Baranda Francisco Ayala Department of Physical Activity and Sport Faculty of Sport SciencesCampus of Excellence Mare NostrumUniversity of MurciaMurcia 30720Spain Centre for Sport Studies King Juan Carlos UniversityMadrid 28933Spain School of Sport and Exercise University of GloucestershireGloucester GL29HWUK Youth Physical Development Centre School of Sport and Health SciencesCardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiff CF236XDUK Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand(SPRINZ) Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland 0632New Zealand Operative Research Centre Miguel Hernández University of ElcheElche 03202Spain

Background:To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological data of injuries in male and female youth football ***:Searches were performed in MEDLINE/PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and SPORTDiscus *** were considered if they reported injury incidence rate in male and female youth(≤19 years old)football *** reviewers(FJRP and ALV)extracted data and assessed trial quality using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology(STROBE)statement and the Newcastle Ottawa *** Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation approach determined the quality of *** were combined using a Poisson random effects regression ***:Forty-three studies were *** overall incidence rate was 5.70 injuries/1000 h in males and 6.77 injuries/1000 h in *** injury incidence(14.43 injuries/1000 h in males and 14.97 injuries/1000 h in females)was significantly higher than training injury incidence(2.77 injuries/1000 h in males and 2.62 injuries/1000 h in females).The lower extremity had the highest incidence rate in both *** most common type of injury was muscle/tendon for males and joint/ligament for *** injuries were the most common in both *** incidence rate of injuries increased with advances in chronological age in *** male players presented higher match injury incidence than sub-elite *** females,there was a paucity of data for comparison across age groups and levels of ***:The high injury incidence rates and sex differences identified for the most common location and type of injury reinforce the need for implementing different targeted injury-risk mitigation strategies in male and female youth football players.

关键词： Incidence Muscle injuries Severity Soccer Young athletes

A NOVEL TIME-SHARED FLUOROMETER GIVES THE MITOCHONDRIAL REDOX STATE AS THE RATIO OF TWO COMPONENTS OF THE RESPIRATORY CHAIN OF THE ANIMAL AND HUMAN BUCCAL CAVITY WITH QUANTITATIVE MEASURES OF THE REDOX ENERGY STATE

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2010年第4期3卷 235-245页

作者： britton CHANCE SHOKO NIOKA AQUO JENQ-RUEY HORNG University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104USA South Taiwan University 1 Nantai RoadYong KangTainan 71005Taiwan

The source of energy for life is the tissue mitochondria and they demand a complex chain of biochemicals to ensure proper physiological ***,the blood levels,and not the tissue levels of these metabolites,are determined by expensive and time-consuming biochemical *** the tissue mitochondria are the consumers of the substrates of glycolysis and of fatty acid metabolism,their redox state is a unique accessible monitor of tissue metabolism and its blockade due to toxins.

关键词： Redox state mitochondria optical methods fluorometer

Cell specialization and coordination in Arabidopsis leaves upon pathogenic attack revealed by scRNA-seq

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Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 63-78页

作者： Etienne Delannoy Bastien Batardiere ste phanie Pateyron Ludivine Soubigou-Taconnat Julien Chiquet Jean Colcombet Julien Lang Universite Paris-Saclay CNRSINRAEUniversite EvryInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay(IPS2)91190 Gif sur YvetteFrance Universite Paris Cite CNRSINRAEInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay(IPS2)91190 Gif sur YvetteFrance UMR MIA Paris-Saclay Universite Paris-SaclayAgroParisTechINRAE91120 PalaiseauFrance

Plant defense responses involve several biological processes that allow plants to fight against pathogenic *** these different processes are orchestrated within organs and depend on specific cell types is poorly ***,using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology on three independent biological replicates,we identified several cell populations representing the core transcriptional responses of wild-type Arabidopsis leaves inoculated with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae *** these populations,we retrieved major cell types of the leaves(mesophyll,guard,epidermal,companion,and vascular S cells)with which we could associate characteristic transcriptional reprogramming and regulators,thereby specifying different cell-type responses to the *** analyses of transcriptional dynamics,on the basis of inference of cell trajectories,indicated that the different cell types,in addition to their characteristic defense responses,can also share similar modules of gene reprogramming,uncovering a ubiquitous antagonism between immune and susceptible ***,it appears that the defense responses of vascular S cells,epidermal cells,and mesophyll cells can evolve along two separate paths,one converging toward an identical cell fate,characterized mostly by lignification and detoxification *** this divergence does not correspond to the differentiation between immune and susceptible cells,we speculate that this might reflect the discrimination between cellautonomous and non-cell-autonomous *** our data provide an upgraded framework to describe,explore,and explain the specialization and the coordination of plant cell responses upon pathogenic challenge.

关键词： scRNA-seq plant defense responses plant immunity plant susceptibility Arabidopsis/Pseudomonas interactions biotic stress

Mitigation of cholestasis-associated hepatic and renal injury by edaravone treatment: Evaluation of its effects on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function

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Liver Research 2021年第3期5卷 181-193页

作者： Mohammad Mehdi Ommati hanie Attari Asma Siavashpour Marzieh Shafaghat Negar Azarpira Hasti Ghaffari Leila Moezi Reza Heidari College of Life Sciences Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiguShanxiChina Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of PharmacyShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Veterinary Sciences Islamic Azad UniversityUrmia BranchUrmiaIran Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran

Background and aim:The liver is the primary organ affected by cholestasis,and complications such as renal injury,renal failure,and the need for renal transplantation are associated with cholestatic liver *** is substantial evidence indicating that reactive oxygen species(ROS)and mitochondrial impairment are fundamental mechanisms underlying cholestasis-induced hepatic and renal ***(EDV)is a potent radical scavenger and antioxidant that may prevent oxidative stress and improve impaired mitochondrial function in various *** study was performed to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of action of EDV on hepatic and renal injury in an animal model of ***:Rats subjected to bile duct ligation(BDL)were treated with EDV 1 or 10 mg/kg/day intraper-itoneally for 14 consecutive *** of oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment in the liver and kidney were assessed in EDV-treated and untreated rats with ***:Significant increases in tissue ROS level,lipid peroxidation,protein carbonylation,and oxidized glutathione level were detected in rats subjected to ***,significant decreases in tissue glutathione level and antioxidant capacity were observed in the hepatic and renal tissues of rats with *** of mitochondrial impairment,including mitochondrial depolarization,lipid perox-idation,mitochondrial permeabilization,depleted adenosine triphosphate content,and decreased de-hydrogenase activity,were also detected in rats subjected to ***,portal inflammation,necrosis,and tissue fibrosis were detected in the liver and significant tubular atrophy and interstitial inflammation,as well as fibrotic lesions,were detected in the kidneys of rats with *** treatment significantly mitigated cholestasis-associated hepatic and renal ***:The antioxidative properties of EDV and its positive effects on the indices of mitochondrial function may be critical fac

关键词： Bile acids Cholestasis Cirrhosis Nephropathy Oxidative stress Renal failure