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Effects of small molecules on neurogenesis:Neuronal proliferation and differentiation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 20-37页

作者： MichałK Jastrze˛bski Piotr Wo´jcik Piotr ste˛pnicki Agnieszka A.Kaczor Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory Medical University of LublinFaculty of PharmacyLublin PL-20093Poland School of Pharmacy University of Eastern FinlandKuopio FI-70211Finland

Neurons are believed to be non-proliferating ***,neuronal stem cells are still present in certain areas of the adult brain,although their proliferation diminishes with *** as with other cells,their proliferation and differentiation are modulated by various *** mechanisms are foundational to the strategies developed to induce neuronal proliferation and differentiation,with potential therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative *** most common among these diseases are Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease,associated with the formation ofβ-amyloid(Aβ)aggregates which cause a reduction in the number of *** such as LiCl,4-aminothiazoles,Pregnenolone,ACEA,harmine,D2AAK1,methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate,and shikonin may induce neuronal proliferation/differentiation through the activation of pathways:MAPK ERK,PI3K/AKT,NFκB,Wnt,BDNF,and ***,combinations of these compounds can potentially transform somatic cells into *** transformation process involves the activation of neuron-specific transcription factors such as NEUROD1,NGN2,ASCL1,and SOX2,which subsequently leads to the transcription of downstream genes,culminating in the transformation of somatic cells into *** diseases are not the only conditions where inducing neuronal proliferation could be ***,the impact of pro-proliferative compounds on neurons has also been researched in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Neurogenesis Proliferation Differentiation Maturation Small-molecules Drug coctail Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease

An improved line-of-sight method for visibility analysis in 3D complex landscapes

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 2185-2194页

作者： LIU Liu1, ZHANG LiQiang1, MA JingTao2, ZHANG Liang3, ZHANG XingMing1, XIAO ZhiQiang1 & YANG Ling1 1State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100875, China 2PTV America, Inc. 1145 Broadway Plaza ste 605, Tacoma, WA 98407, USA 3School of Geomatics and Urban Information, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China PTV America Inc. Tacoma USA School of Geomatics and Urban Information Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing China

This paper presents an efficient method for implementing visibility analysis on complex landscapes based on an improved LOS (line of sight) algorithm. The method determines the viewshed by analyzing the geometric relationship between the target points and viewpoint. It differentiates the visibility of the target points by the elevation information. Eventually the visual results related to the given viewpoint are rendered on three-dimensional landscapes. The visibility of some target points is computed by comparing their elevations with the viewpoint's height, thus is able to enhance the efficiency of the visibility analysis. This method can not only be applied in the visibility analysis of forest scenes, but also used in the analysis of the urban environment. Experiments show that the proposed method results in high efficiency and precision.

关键词： line of sight visibility analysis complex landscapes visual permeability

The Qa-1 Dependent CD8^+ T Cell Mediated Regulatory Pathway

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2005年第3期2卷 161-167页

作者： Hong Jiang~(1,2) ~1Department of Medicine,Division of Rheumatology,College of Physicians & Surgeons,Columbia University,USA ~2Corresponding to:Dr.Hong Jiang,Department of Medicine,Division of Rheumatology,College of Physicians & Surgeons,Columbia University,630 W.168th Street,PH 8-E ste.101,New York,NY 10032,USA. Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology College of Physicians & Surgeons Columbia University New York NY 10032 USA. HJ4@columbia.edu

The immune system has evolved a variety of regulatory mechanisms to ensure the peripheral self-tolerance as well as the optimal capacity to elicit effective anti-infection immunity. At present, there is no satisfactory conceptual framework to explain how the peripheral immunity is regulated at a biological system level, which enables the immune system to perform its essential functions to mount effective immunity to virtually any foreign antigens but avoid harmful immune responses to self. In this regard, during the past few years, an “affinity/avidity model of peripheral T cell regulation” has been proposed and tested, which opens up a new paradigm to understand how the peripheral immunity, to both self and foreign antigens, is regulated. The paradigm is based on the discovery of a subset CD8^＋ T cells with TCRs which specifically recognize a unique set of self-peptides presented by the MHC class Ib molecule Qa-I differentially expressed on T cells as a function of the affinity/avidity of T cell activation. These Qa-1 restricted CD8^＋ T cells represent an example of how the immune system utilizes a unified mechanism to regulate adaptive immunity to both self and foreign antigens. Thus, by selectively down-regulating T cells of intermediate affinity/avidity, to any antigens, the immune system controls the adaptive immunity without the necessity to distinguish self from non-self in the periphery at the level of T cell regulation. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2005;2（3）：161-167.

关键词： T cell regulation CD8^+ T cell affinity/avidity Qa- 1 TCR

Cell specialization and coordination in Arabidopsis leaves upon pathogenic attack revealed by scRNA-seq

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Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 63-78页

作者： Etienne Delannoy Bastien Batardiere ste phanie Pateyron Ludivine Soubigou-Taconnat Julien Chiquet Jean Colcombet Julien Lang Universite Paris-Saclay CNRSINRAEUniversite EvryInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay(IPS2)91190 Gif sur YvetteFrance Universite Paris Cite CNRSINRAEInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay(IPS2)91190 Gif sur YvetteFrance UMR MIA Paris-Saclay Universite Paris-SaclayAgroParisTechINRAE91120 PalaiseauFrance

Plant defense responses involve several biological processes that allow plants to fight against pathogenic *** these different processes are orchestrated within organs and depend on specific cell types is poorly ***,using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology on three independent biological replicates,we identified several cell populations representing the core transcriptional responses of wild-type Arabidopsis leaves inoculated with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae *** these populations,we retrieved major cell types of the leaves(mesophyll,guard,epidermal,companion,and vascular S cells)with which we could associate characteristic transcriptional reprogramming and regulators,thereby specifying different cell-type responses to the *** analyses of transcriptional dynamics,on the basis of inference of cell trajectories,indicated that the different cell types,in addition to their characteristic defense responses,can also share similar modules of gene reprogramming,uncovering a ubiquitous antagonism between immune and susceptible ***,it appears that the defense responses of vascular S cells,epidermal cells,and mesophyll cells can evolve along two separate paths,one converging toward an identical cell fate,characterized mostly by lignification and detoxification *** this divergence does not correspond to the differentiation between immune and susceptible cells,we speculate that this might reflect the discrimination between cellautonomous and non-cell-autonomous *** our data provide an upgraded framework to describe,explore,and explain the specialization and the coordination of plant cell responses upon pathogenic challenge.

关键词： scRNA-seq plant defense responses plant immunity plant susceptibility Arabidopsis/Pseudomonas interactions biotic stress

Throat Infection,Neck and Chest Pain and Cardiac Response:A Persistent Infection-Related Clinical Syndrome

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2009年第1期29卷 19-24页

作者：周昌清付向宁严江涛范巧李卓娅 Katherine Cianflone 汪道文 The Institute of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Division Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Cardiology Hefei First People's Hospital Department of Immunology Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Centre de Recherche Hopital Laval Universite Laval Y2186 2725 Chemin Ste Foy Ste Foy Quebec G1V 4G5 Canada

Dizziness, chest discomfort, chest depression and dyspnea are a group of symptoms that are common complaints in clinical practice. Patients with these symptoms are usually informed that while neurosis consequent to coronary heart disease is excluded nonetheless they remain unhealthy with no rational explanation or treatment. 165 cases of these symptoms and 85 control subjects were reviewed and underwent further medical history inquiry, routine EKG test and cardiac ultrasound examination. Thirty-five patients received coronary artery angiography to exclude coronary heart disease. Serum myocardial autoantibodies against beta1-adrenoceptor, alpha-myosin heavy chain, M2-muscarinic receptor and adenine-nucleotide translocator were tested, and inflammatory cytokines and high sensitivity C-reaction protein were measured and lymphocyte subclass was assayed by flow cytometry. All patients had a complex of four symptoms or tetralogy：（1） persistent throat or upper respiratory tract infection, （2） neck pain, （3） chest pain and （4） chest depression or dyspnea, some of them with anxiety. Anti-myocardial autoantibodies （AMCAs） were present in all patients vs. 8% in controls. TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were significantly higher in patients than in controls （P〈0.01）. CD3^＋ and CD4-CD8^＋ lymphocytes were significantly higher and CD56＋ lymphocytes lower in patients than those in controls （P〈0.01）. The ratio of serum pathogen antibodies positive against Coxsackie virus-B, cytomegalovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were all markedly higher in patients. These data led to identification of a persistent respiratory infection-related clinical syndrome, including persistent throat infection, neck spinal lesion, rib cartilage inflammation, symptoms of cardiac depression and dyspnea with or without anxiety.

关键词： inflammation chest pain cardiac response diagnosis

Grass-Root Coaches Knowledge, Understanding, Attitude And Confidence to Deliver Injury Prevention Training in Youth Soccer: a Comparison of Coaches in Three EU Countries

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第4期2卷 367-374页

作者： Mark De ste Croix F.Ayala S.Hernandez Sanchez M.Lehnert J.Hughes School of Sport and Exercise University of GloucestershireCheltenham GL502RHUK Department of Sport Sciences Sport Research CentreMiguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Pathology and Surgery Physiotherapy Area Miguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Sport and Physical Culture Palacky UniversityOlomouc 77200Czech Republic

Purpose It is well recognised that injury prevention training can reduce injury incidence,however current coach education pathways do not provide grass-root coaches with the knowledge and confidence to deliver such training to youth *** aim of this study was to explore differences in knowledge,understanding,attitude and confidence to deliver such injury prevention training in three European *** A total of 269 grass-root soccer coaches from 3 European countries(Czech Republic,UK,Spain)were recruited for this study.A validated questionnaire exploring knowledge,understanding,attitude towards and confidence to deliver youth injury prevention training was completed prior to a 2 h workshop on injury prevention *** between countries was examined using Bayesian factors to quantify the evidence for and against the hypothesis of independence(H0)by assuming a Poisson sampling scheme(as there was no a priori restriction on any cell count,nor on the grand total)(BF10 Poisson).Results Current knowledge,attitude and confidence to deliver injury prevention training to youth players was poor across all three European *** few coaches were currently using injury prevention training in their coaching sessions(23%).There were some country specific differences for attitude towards injury prevention training and confidence to deliver injury training,with Spanish coaches reporting a more positive attitude and confidence to deliver such *** fewer coaches in the UK were using injury prevention training compared to coaches in Spain and the Czech *** As coaches identified a need for coach education and few were delivering injury prevention training,there is a clear need to embed and implement this programme into the grassroots coaching framework of sports governing bodies to improve adoption,implementation and maintenance.

关键词： Youth Injury prevention training Coach education Movement competency

The HUman Micro Nucleus *** Date Base Comparison for results with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes. Ⅰ.Effect of laboratory protocol,scoring criteria,and host factors on the frequency of micronuclei

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癌变．畸变．突变 2001年第4期13卷 217-219页

作者： ste fano Bonasi Michael Fenech 等 DepartmentofEnvironmentalEpidemiology IstitutoNazionaleperlaRicercasulCancroGenoaItaly CSIROHealthS

YARLUNG ZANGBO OPHIOLITES,SOUTHERN TIBET REVISITED

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 124-126页

作者： Hébert Réjean 1, G.Beaudoin 1,V.Varfalvy 1, F.Huot 2, Wang C.S. 3, Liu Z.F. 4(1 Département de Géo logie et de génie géologique , Université Lav al,ste\|Foy, Qc,Canada, G1K 7P4, E\|mail:hebert@ggl.ulaval.ca 2 Institut universitaire euro

Field work conducted in September 1998 and Summer 1999 aimed to reassess the ophiolitic segment of the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (YZS) and shed new light on the preserved fragments of Neo\|Tethys ocean\|floor. This eastern ophiolitic segment was partly surveyed during the 1980 Sino\|French Cooperative Investigation of Himalayas, but little work has been done since that time. Progress in ophiolite research field and new developments in modern ocean crust guided us in the recent field work investigation. Mantle peridotites and associated minor crustal units are assumed Early Cretaceous in age, while diabase interbedded with phyllites and radiolarian sediments of presumed seamount origin are attributed to Late Jurassic—Early Cretaceous age. Six different massifs were visited that are from west to east: Jiding, Qunrang, Beimarang, Dazhuqu, Luobusa, and Zedang. Each massif presents specific characteristics summarized below. The Jiding massif is made of partly to totally serpentinized granular upper mantle harzburgites with orthopyroxenite banding, a transitional Moho zone, a thick diabase sill\|dike complex intruded into heterogeneous gabbro, and pillow lavas.. High\|temperature plastic foliation, although generally oriented NW—SE, and lineation show folding. Numerous gabbroic and diabasic intrusions are observed in peridotites. The orientations of the mafic rocks foliation and lineation do not fit the structure of the host peridotites. The 350m thick transition zone is a syntectonically intrusive sequence of mantle peridotites cut by abundant different types of gabbro and diabase. In one case intrusion of gabbro postdates serpentinization of peridotites and the outer margin of the xenolith enclosed in fine\|grained gabbro has reacted to form pegmatitic hornblende gabbro. The crustal unit is made of gabbro intruded by multiple fine\|grained dikes. Hydrothermal circulation was locally intense and Cu mineralization and epidosite are observed close to shear *** Qunra

关键词： Yarlung Zangbo Xigaze ophiolites mineral chemistry mantle heterogeneities

Occupational injuries and burn out among orthopedic oncology surgeons

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第12期13卷 1056-1063页

作者： Abdulrahman M Alaseem Robert E Turcotte Nathalie ste-Marie Mohammad M Alzahrani Saad M Alqahtani Krista A Goulding Department of Orthopedic Surgery College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGill University Health CentreMontreal H4A3J1Canada Department of Orthopedic Surgery College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal universityDammam 34212Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo ClinicPhoenixArizona 85054USA

BACKGROUND Orthopedic oncology surgeons commonly engage in prolonged and complex surgical *** types of surgeries increase the risk of physical and psychological stressors,which may in turn make these physicians prone to workrelated occupational *** The aim of this study was to explore in orthopedic oncologists,the prevalence of work-related physical injuries and psychological *** A modified version of the physical discomfort survey was developed to assess occupational injuries among orthopedic oncology surgeon members of the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society,the Canadian Orthopedic Oncology Society and European Musculoskeletal Oncology *** survey was sent by email,and it explored musculoskeletal complaints,psychological disturbances,treatment required for these complaints and the requirement of time off *** A total of 67 surgeon responses were collected.A high number of orthopedic oncologists(84%)reported an occupational *** back pain(39%)was the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition,followed by lumbar disk herniation(16%),shoulder tendinitis(15%)and lateral epicondylitis(13%).Of the cohort,46%required surgery and 31%required time off work due to their ***-three respondents reported a psychological ***(27%),anxiety(20%)and insomnia(20%)were the most commonly *** required off work due to injury was associated with old age and years in *** Orthopedic oncology surgeons report a high prevalence of work-related *** back related injury and burnout were the most reported *** operative room ergonomics and prevention of stress related to the work environment should be areas to explore in upcoming research.

关键词： Orthopedic oncology Surgeons Occupational Musculoskeletal Injuries