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Early-Mid Ordovician brachiopod diversification in South china

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第5期48卷 662-675页

作者： ZHAN Renbin, RONG Jiayu, CHENG Jinhui & CHEN Pengfei Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, china 1. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy 210008 Nanjing China

Affected by paleogeographic position, paleoclimatic condition and depositional environments, the increase of the Early-Mid Ordovician brachiopod diversity of South china commenced at the beginning of the Ordovician (early Tremadoc), accelerated from the Tetra- graptus approximatus Biozone (base of Arenig), and reached its first acme in the Didymograptus eobifidus Biozone (mid early Arenig) when the number of brachiopod genera was over 7 times as great as that at the start of the Ordovician. This was the first radiation in the history of brachiopod macroevolution in South china, which occurred nearly 5 graptolitic biozones earlier than the global trend of the great Ordovician biodiversification (in the lower part of the Undulograptus austrodentatus Biozone). It is also characterized by (1) the origination or first occurrences of some major groups, such as the punctate dalmanelloids and the pseudopunctate stro- phomenoids including Plectambonitoidea (cardinal process simple or absent) and Stro- phomenoidea (cardinal process bilobed) in South china; (2) niche expansion, particularly in the first occupation of deeper water benthic regimes by the Euorthisina-Nocturnellia Association developed at Houping, Chengkou, northern Chongqing; and (3) the differentiation of brachiopod faunas under different environmental conditions. The gradual and increasing separation from Gondwana may have been one of the factors responsible for the radiation in South china.

关键词： biodiversity, evolutionary radiation, brachiopods, Early-Mid Ordovician, South china.

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Criteria for defining and recognizing the various orders of sequences in outcrop sequence stratigraphy

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第7期47卷 618-629页

作者： WANG Xunlian Faculty of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, china state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, china 1. Faculty of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 2. state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008 Nanjing China

The regional distribution in different depositional facies belts is here regarded as an important criterion for defining and recognizing the various orders of sequences. The third-order sequence is possibly global in nature, which may be discerned in different depositional facies belts in one continental margin and can be correlated over long distances, sometimes even worldwide. Commonly, correlation of subsequence (fourth-order sequence with time interval of 0.51.5 Ma) is difficult in different facies belts, although some of them may also be worldwide in distribution. A subsequence should be able to discern and correlate within at least one facies belt. The higher-order sequences, including microsequence (fifth-order sequence) and minisequence (sixth-order sequence), are regional or local in distribution. They may reflect the longer and shorter Milankovitch cycles respectively. Sequence and subsequence are usually recognizable in different facies belts, while microsequence and minisequence may be distinguished only in shallow marine deposits, but not in slope and basin facies deposits. A brief discussion is made on the essential conditions for correct identification of sequences, useful methods of study, and problems meriting special attention in outcrop sequence stratigraphy.

关键词： outcrop sequence stratigraphy, facies belt, sequence, subsequence, microsequence, minisequence, meter-scale cyclothem, Milankovitch cycle.

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A Miocene Flora from Daotaiqiao Formation in Sifangtai Village,Huanan County,Heilongjiang Province,NE china with Palaeoclimatical and Palaeophytogeological Significance

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 257-258页

作者： Qing Jiang,Qin Leng state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,china.

A Neogene biota was found from the yellowish green or dark gray clay of the Daotaiqiao Formation in gold placer mines in Sifangtai Village,Huanan County,Heilongjiang Province,NE china in the *** age was determined biostratigraphically to be late Middle Miocene to Late Miocene(most possibly Late Miocene) by vertebrate fossils and floral (including palynological) assemblage *** Miocene age(showing drastic global climate

关键词： megafossil plants Miocene Daotaiqiao Formation

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REVIEW OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE FAMILY AFROGRAPTIDAE (CRUSTACEA: CONCHOSTRACA)

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古生物学报 2003年第4期 593-597页

作者： SHEN Yan Bin (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008)

Serration structure on the growth lines of the fossil conchostracans was considered as a key character for the family Afragraptidae. SEM micrographs of some living forms indicate that there is a row of setae on the growth lines. Setal articulations of the growth lines are broken off while their insertions remain, which form an apparently serration margin along the growth lines for the fossil specimens in the external mold. The setae of the growth lines belong to annulate type without setules and probably played in sensory function. This structure was found from about 32 species in seven genera of three families for the living conchostracans and 22 fossil genera. Multi radiating costae and stout tubercles on the valves are much more important than that of serration structure in high taxonomic status for the family Afrograptidae. An emended scheme of the Afrograptidae is presented herein. This family can be better placed in the suborder Estherielliina, rather than in the Estheritina.

关键词： serration structure setae genesis taxonomy Family Afrograptidae Conchostraca Crustacea

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The developmental trend of labrum and median eyes of Orsten-type preserved Phosphatocopina (Crustacea)

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第1期53卷 18-26页

作者： LIU Zheng 1,2 & DONG XiPing 1,2 1 School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,china 2 state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,china 1. School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The Phosphatocopina (Crustacea,Arthropoda) is an important group of 'Orsten-type' preserved *** is resolved as the sister-group of *** we study the labrum,the median eyes,and the inner lamella of Phosphatocopina based on the selected specimens respectively from western Hunan,South china,and *** labrum characters of different species exhibit interspecific *** ratio of labrum length/shield length is significant to the reconstruction of the ontogeny of *** labrum characters should be introduced to the diagnosis of *** the earliest growth stage,the median eyes were inconspicuous,almost as flat as the other area of the ***,with the growth of the individuals they became *** were two obviously concave structures on the ventral side of the hypostome in later stages,which were the positions where the median eyes should have been *** addition,the two modes of preservation of the inner lamella,i.e.,that of shrinking and that of bulging up,are interpreted as the preservational artifact herein.

关键词： Phosphatocopina Crustacea Orsten-type preservation morphology ontogeny Cambrian South china Sweden

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Two new species of Vestrogothia (Phosphatocopina, Crustacea) of Orsten-type preservation from the Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第6期52卷 784-796页

作者： ZHANG HuaQiao1,2 & DONG XiPing1,2 1 School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,china 2 state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,china School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Although fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by Skaracarida and Phosphatocopina were first reported from the Middle and Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South china in 2005, diversified phosphatocopine species have never been appropriately described and elucidated in terms of their evolutionary relationships. Here, we described two new species of Phosphatocopina, Vestrogothia anterispinata sp. nov. and V. bispinata sp. nov. The evolutionary relationship among all the valid species of Phosphatocopina is discussed and the phylogeny of Phosphatocopina is reestablished using cladistic analysis. Accordingly, phosphatocopines primitively evolved along two lineages: one evolved towards the emergence of lobes; the other evolved towards the emergence of dorsal spines. Respectively, lobes originated independently three times, and dorsal spines originated only once. With regard to the dorsal rims, interdorsum originated first, whereas dorsal furrow originated independently twice on the basis of interdorsum. Probably Hesslandona may represent a polyphyletic group, whereas Vestrogothia a monophyletic group.

关键词： fossils of Orsten-type preservation Vestrogothia Phosphatocopina Crustacea evolution phylogeny Cambrian Hunan

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A neotype for Colpodexylon gracilentum Dou (Lycopsida) from the Middle Devonian of North Xinjiang,china

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第4期49卷 372-378页

作者： Hong-He XU Yi WANG (state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,china) (state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China) *Correspondence: Hong-He XU *Correspondence: E-mail: hhxu@*** Tel.: 86-25-83282230 Fax: 86-25-8328214..

According to newly collected and well preserved specimens,herbaceous lycopsids Colpodexylon gracilentum Dou and Colpodexylon laminatum Dou from the late Middle Devonian of Xinjiang,NW china are reduced to ***,for which a neotype is designated and emended diagnosis is *** gracilentum has leaves with three nearly equal segments,an elliptical sporangium adaxially attached by a pad on the isomorphic sporophyll.

关键词： Colpodexylon Devonian lycopsid neotype Xinjiang.

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Anatomical variations of living and fossil Liquidambar leaves:A proxy for paleoenvironmental reconstruction

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 493-508页

作者： XIAO Liang 1,2,3,4.SUN BaiNian 1,2,,LI XiangChuan 1,REN WenXiu 1 &JIA Hui 1 1 key laboratory of Western china's Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education and College of Earth and Environment Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,china 2 {4.,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,china 3 College of Arts and Sciences,Bryant University,Smithfield RI 02917,U.S.A. 4.key laboratory of Western china's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering of Ministry of Education,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054.china 1. key laboratory of Western china’s Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education and College of Earth and Environment Science Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China3. College of Arts and Sciences Bryant University Smithfield RI 02917 USA4. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering of Ministry of Education Chang’an University Xi’an 710054 China

Based on living ***,we have established that such epidermal cell properties as epidermal cell circumference(Circum.) ,undulation index(UI) ,epidermal cell area(EA) on both upper and lower epidermis and the corresponding epidermal cell density(ED) ,are suitable to differentiate between sun and shade ***,stomatal properties on the lower epidermis,including stomatal length(SL) ,stomatal pore length(PL) and the corresponding stomatal density(SD) ,are reliable parameters to identify sun/shade *** this anatomical approach was applied to 18 leaf remains of *** from the Miocene Xiannanshan Formation,Zhejiang Province(eastern china) ,and the fossil leaves were sorted into two groups,namely,sun and shade *** indicates that anatomical differences between sun and shade leaves found in living species could be used for fossil ***,the variation of UI between sun and shade morphotypes is larger on the upper epidermis as compared with the lower epidermis,showing that the UI on the upper epidermis is more sensitive to environmental *** addition,anatomical features are more variable in sun leaves than in shade leaves for both modern and fossil Liquidambar,suggesting sun leaves may be more sensitive to environmental *** leaves can then be a better indicator of paleoenvironmental ***,stomatal parameters of sun morphotype should be adopted on reconstructing paleoenvironments using Liquidambar leaf *** the other hand,the three-lobed fossil *** leaf assemblage in the Xiananshan Formation is represented by an almost similar percentage of sun and shade morphotypes(56%and 4.%,respectively) ,which is attributed to the short transport before *** a result,identifying sun/shade morphotypes are very useful in reconstructing paleoenvironments based on fossil leaves of Liquidambar.

关键词： Liquidambar formosana Liquidambar miosinica leaf anatomy the Miocene Xiananshan Formation sun and shade leaves

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Palaeogene fossil Populus leaves from Lanzhou Basin and their palaeoclimatic significance

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第14期49卷 1494-1501页

作者： SUN Bainian1,2, YAN Defei1, XIE Sanping1, CONG Peiyun1, XIN Cunlin1 & YUN Fei1 1. key laboratory of Western china抯 Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 2. {4., Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sci-ences, Nanjing 210008, china key laboratory of Western china''s Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontolog Chinese Academy of Sci- ences Nanjing 210008 China

An angiosperm compression flora is found in Palaeogene from Lanzhou Basin and the cuticular analysis of Populus davidiana Dode in the flora is carefully made. Fur-thermore, the fossil cuticles are compared with the epidermal structures of extant Populus leaves growing in different en-vironments, i.e. moist, semimoist, and semiarid to arid cli-matic regions. The present experiments indicate that mature leaves of P. davidiana show leaf size from big to small, leaf cuticles from thick to thin and anticlinal walls of epidermal cells from faintness to clarity along with the increase of lati-tudes of the plant distributions, the climatic variation from moist to arid, the annual precipitation from more to less and the annual mean temperature from high to low. The fossil P. davidiana differs from the specimens collected from Shandan in semiarid to arid climatic regions but closely resembles the Wushan leaves in a semi-moist climatic area in a lot of fea-tures. In a word, the new research may reflect that the flora lives in a semi-moist climatic environment. The present dis-covery of compression of Paleogene Populus davidiana is of great significance to studying vegetation types, climatic and environmental changes during the primal uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关键词：古气候兰州盆地山杨化石角质层早第三纪被子植物

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Discovery of agglutinated foraminifers from the Longzhaogou Group in eastern Heilongjiang Province

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第2期47卷 122-127页

作者： LI Gang & YU Shanmao1. state key laboratory of Paleobiology stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing {4., china 2.108th Coal-prospecting Team of Geological Bureau, NE china and Inner Mongolia Coal Company, Jixi 158100, china Correspondence should be addressed to Li Gang (email: gangli@***) 1. state key laboratory of Paleobiology stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008 Nanjing China 2. 108th Coal-prospecting Team of Geological Bureau NE China and Inner Mongolia Coal Company 158100 Jixi China

The low diversity agglutinated foraminifers are recovered from the Qihulin Formation of the Longzhaogou Group in eastern Heilongjiang, china. The foraminiferal fauna consists of 9 species of 5 genera. The common members are Cribrostomoides nonioninoides (Reuss), Haplophragmoides concavus (Chapman), H. gigas minor Nauss. Although the diagnostic zonal taxa are absent in the agglutinated fauna, according to the global stratigraphic distribution of the above-mentioned species, and the associated Pseudohaploceras ammonite fauna, the foraminiferal fauna may be of a Barremian-Aptian (Early Cretaceous) age.

关键词： Early Cretaceous, agglutinated foraminifers, Longzhaogou Group, eastern Heilongjiang, china.

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