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Spatio-temporal carbon isotope variation during the Ediacaran period in South China and its impact on bio-evolution

Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1520-1528页

作者： WANG XinQiang1 & SHI XiaoYing1,2 1 School of Earth Science and Mineral resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China 2 state key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources, Beijing 100083, China School of Earth Science and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China state key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources Beijing China

The Ediacaran period is characterized by the extremely negative carbon isotope anomalies and great biotic evolution in Earth history. At least four negative carbon isotope anomalies have been reported from this interval in South China so far. It is traditionally argued that the isotope variations can be used as a useful tool for global correlation of Ediacaran succession; however, more and more researches argued against this idea. We reviewed the previously published carbon isotope data in South China, and distributed the mean values of a certain time to the paleogeographic maps. The results show that the carbon isotope values (δ13C) vary greatly in different environments, but a clear tendency of becoming lighter from shallow platform to deep basin, with a maximum variation up to 1‰ Moreover, the important changes in Ediacaran biota, marked by the introducing of new taxa or ecologic groups, seemed to always postdate the negative anomalies but coincide with the positive shift. If the negative excursions represented the oxidation of a large dissolved organic carbon (DOC) reservoir in the ocean, the diverse Ediacaran organisms and the carbon isotope anomalies may suggest totally different environments: oxic and anoxic/euxinic. We also suggest that the elimination of euxinic state through precipitation of pyrites is one of the important environment factors in prompting the Ediacaran bio-evolution.

关键词： Ediacaran South China carbon isotope spatio-temporal variations bio-evolution

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Interannual variation of annual precipitation and urban effect on precipitation in the Beijing region

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第9期17卷 1042-1050页

作者： Yu Shuqiu(state key laboratory on Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China) state key laboratory on Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

The large scale character of the interannual variation of precipitation and the urban effect on local annual precipitation anomaly are investigated in this paper based on the 1960-2000 annual precipitation observations at 20 stations in the Beijing *** results show that:the annual precipitation in the Beijing region possesses the large scale variation character with the linear trend of-1.197/10 yr,which corresponds to a total reduction of 27.82 mm in annual precipitation in the 41 years;the local annual precipitation anomalies(percent of the normal 1960-2000)show a positive center near the urban area,*** precipitation island(UPI),whose intensity increases with the linear trend of 0.6621%/10 yr,opposite to the interannual trend of large scale precipitation over the Beijing region;changes in the UPI are also associated with the intensity of synoptic processes of precipitation,and when the synoptic processes are strong(wet years),the intensity of UPI strengthens,while the synoptic processes are weak(dry years),and the UPI disappears in the Beijing region.

关键词： urban precipitation island effect interannual climate variation precipitation Beijing atmospheric science

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An integrative estimation model of summer rainfall-band patterns in China

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第3期17卷 280-288页

作者： WEI Fengying (state key laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China) state key laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Three variation indices are defined to objectively and quantitatively represent fluctuations of three rainfall-band patterns in summers in China for the period from 1951 to 2005, and the variation features of these indices are analyzed on both of interdecadal and interannual scales. A new method is proposed to establish an integrative estimation model based on the analysis of rainfall-band indices, and the model is applied to air, ocean factors to estimate their roles on variations of three rainfall-band patterns on different time-scales. The tests of estimation effects show that the fluctuations of three rainfall-band patterns are composed of variations on both significant inter-decadal and interannual scales, of which the interannual variation is mainly influenced by the Elnino/Lanina events, the East Asia monsoon and the ridge locations of subtropical high pressures in western pacific, while the interdecadal variation is mainly controlled by the Pacific decadal oscillation and interdecadal oscillations of the Arctic oscillation, ENSO, Nino3 sea surface temperature and summer monsoon. The estimated results from the integrative estimation model of rainfall-band patterns suggest that the way of estimation first according to each time scale of both the interdecadal and interannual scales, then estimating with an integration, which is proposed in this paper, has an obvious improvement on that without separation of time scales.

关键词： rainfall-band pattern interannual variation interdecadal variation integration estimation model.

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NONCONFORMING FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATIONS TO THE UNILATERAL PROBLEM

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1999年第1期17卷 15-24页

作者： Lie-heng Wang(state key laboratory of Scientific and Engeneering Computing, ICMSEC,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China) 中科院计算数学与科学工程计算所科学与工程计算国家重点实验室北京

The nonconforming finite element (two Crouzeix-Raviart linear elements and Wilson element) approximations to the unilateral problem are considered. The error bounds for these elements are obtained in the appropriate a... 详细信息

关键词： unilateral problem nonconforming finite element

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Evolution of Bright Screening-photovoltaic Spatial Optical Solitons

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Chinese Journal of Lasers 2001年第5期10卷 28-33页

作者： LIU Jinsong (state key laboratory of Laser Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China) 华中科技大学激光技术国家重点实验室湖北武汉

A numerical analysis of the dynamical evolution of bright screening photovoltaic (SP) spatial solitons in biased photovoltaic photorefractive materials in the case of neglecting the material loss and the diffusion is presented. When an incident optical beam is a bright SP soliton, the beam propagates along a linear path with its shape kept unchanged. When the incident optical beam is slightly different from a bright SP soliton, the beam reshapes itself and tries to evolve into a bright SP soliton after a short distance. However, when the incident optical beam is significantly different from a SP bright soliton, the beam cannot evolve into a stable bright SP soliton, and tends to experience periodic compression and expansion. For a low intensity input beam, the wave experiences a periodic process of compression first and then expansion during the initial part of the cycle. For a high intensity input beam, however, the wave will initially diffract and then experiences compression during the cycle.

关键词： nonlinear optics spatial optical solitons photorefractive effects

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Syndepositional Fault Controlling on Depositional Filling of the Third Member of Shahejie Formation in Beitang Sag

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Journal of Earth Science 2009年第6期20卷 949-958页

作者：黄传炎王华肖敦清陈思王家豪廖远涛 Faculty of Earth resources China University of Geosciences state key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences key laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum resources of Ministry of Education China University of GeosciencesWuhan Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company

In the continental lake basin whose structures were extraordinarily active, tectonism is an important factor in controlling the sequence and the depositional filling of the basin. This article reports the assemble patterns of syndepositional fault in the third member of Shahejie （沙河街） Formation in Beitang （北塘） sag. The results show that the comb-shape fracture system and the fracture transformation zone were developed in Beitang sag. These assemble patterns obviously controlled the sand-body and spatial distribution of sedimentary system. However, the steep slope belt of fault terrace, the multistage slope belt and the low uplift gentle slope belt controlled the development of sequence styles. Analyses of the spatial-temporal relationship of the assemble pattern of syndepositional faults and the sedimentary system help predict the favorable exploration zone.

关键词： Beitang sag syndepositional fault structural slope break zone the third member of Shahejie Formation.

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Theoretical observation of hexaatomic molecules containing pentacoordinate planar carbon

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Science China Chemistry 2008年第11期51卷 1030-1035页

作者： LUO Qiong state key laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China state key laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China

The smallest molecules up to date containing a D5h pentacoordinate planar carbon (PPC) atom, CBe5 and CBe54-, are presented by means of ab initio calculations. To gain a better understanding about which electronic factors contribute to their stabilization, natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis and the nucleus independent chemical shifts (NICS) were calculated. The data reported here suggest that D5h CBe5 is σ aromaticity in nature, while in D5h CBe54- π aromaticity is dominating. The classical octet rule is well satisfied in both molecules, and is one of the fundamental reasons to understand the stability of the pentagon structures. The Be5 ring serves as σ donor in D5h CBe5, and π-acceptor in D5h CBe54-. The D5h CBe54- possessing 18 valence electrons with a closed-shell electron configuration is the most plau-sible candidate for experimental detection.

关键词： pentacoordinate planar carbon Be5 ring ab initio

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Cardiac nonrigid motion analysis from image sequences

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第10期16卷 1115-1118页

作者： LIU Huafeng (state key laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China) state key laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Noninvasive estimation of the soft tissue kinematics properties from medical image sequences has many important clinical and physiological implications, such as the diagnosis of heart diseases and the understanding of cardiac mechanics. In this paper, we present a biomechanics based strategy, framed as a priori constraints for the ill-posed motion recovery problems, to realize estimation of the cardiac motion and deformation parameters. By constructing the heart dynamics system equations from biomechanics principles, we use the finite element method to generate smooth estimates of heart kinematics throughout the cardiac cycle. We present the application of the strategy to the estimation of displacements and strains from in vivo left ventricular magnetic resonance image sequence.

关键词： cardiac motion and deformation continnum mechanics model finite element method.

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Wind-resistant studies on tall buildings and structures

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第10期53卷 2630-2646页

作者： GU Ming state key laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China state key laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China

This paper introduces some aspects of wind-resistant studies of our research team on tall buildings and structures. Wind tunnel tests were carried out on 27 typical tall building models by using wind pressure scanning and HFFB techniques. The characteristics of wind pressures and forces acting on these buildings were analyzed. Some results have been adopted in a Shanghai code for structural design of steel tall buildings. Interference effects on wind forces and wind pressures among two and three tall buildings were experimentally investigated with about 10000 testing conditions. Regression analyses of the interference factors under different parameter conditions were made and the main regression formulas are presented. Theoretical study on equivalent static wind loads of tall buildings and structures are then introduced. Especially,a new concept of "mode coupling factor" and a modified SRSS method for wind response and equivalent static wind load of complicated tall buildings and structures with consideration of multi mode contributions and their coupling effects are presented. Finally,practical applications of wind-resistant studies on tall building and structures,taking the Guangzhou New TV Tower as an example,are presented.

关键词： tall building and structure wind pressure and force interference effect equivalent static wind load application

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Coupling the hydrological and ecological process to implement the sustainable water resources management in Hanjiang River Basin

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3240-3248页

作者： ZHANG Xiang1 & XIA Jun2 1 state key laboratory of Water resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China 2 key laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China state key laboratory of Water resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University key laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes IGSNRR Chinese Academy of Sciences

Research on the combination of hydrological variation and ecological demands plays an important role in water availability assessment and sustainable management on basin scale. An integrative frame, consisting of hydrological regime modelling, ecological water demands estimation and renewable resources management, is given in this paper in order to support the implementation of the sustainable water resources management. The suggested integrative frame has been used to study the integrated water resources management in southern Hanjiang River Basin which is the water source of South-toNorth Water Transportation Project in China. SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) model was used to simulate the monthly averaging streamflow and the amounts of ecological water demands in stream were also estimated in order to evaluate the available water resources for the local users and the transportation project. Then we formed the developing scenarioes by coupling the available water resources, the recovering rate of water resources in natural water cycle, the local water use rate and the amounts of the water transported to North, and used the Scheafer model to analyze their evolving trajectories. Eventually, the sustainable water resources management measures were assembled by the comprehensive evaluation of the scenarioes. The research indicates that the integrative frame provided a new way for the integrated water resources management in river basin.

关键词： SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) Scheafer model ecological water demands water resources availability sustainable water resources management

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