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Discussion on possibilities of taking ground ice in permafrost as water sources on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during climate warming

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research in cold and arid {3. 2009年第4期1卷 322-328页

作者： JiChun Wu,Yu Sheng,QingBai Wu,Jing Li,XiuMin Zhang state key laboratory of frozen soil engineering,cold and arid {3. environmental engineering research institute,chinese Academy of sciences,lanzhou,Gansu 73.000,china. state key laboratory of frozen soil engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences cold and arid regions {3.al and engineering research institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Large amounts of ground ice are born with permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet *** of permafrost resulted from the climate warming will inevitably lead to melting of ground *** water released from the melting ground ice enters hydrologic cycles at various levels,and changes regional hydrologic regimes to various *** to difficulties in monitoring the perma-frost-degradation-release-water process,direct and reliable evidence is *** accumulative effect of releasing water,however,is remarkable in the macro-scale hydrologic *** the basis of the monitoring results of water-levels changes in some lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and combined with the previous results of the hydrologic changing trends at the regional scale,the authors preliminarily discussed the possibilities of the degrading permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a potential water source during climate warming.

关键词： climate warming thawing permafrost melting ground ice potential water source

On the sand surface stability in the southern part of Gurbantünggüt Desert

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2005年第6期48卷 778-785页

作者： WANG Xueqin1,2, WANG Tao1, JIANG Jin2 & ZHAO Congju2 1. laboratory of Blown Sand Physics and Desert environment, cold and {3. regions of environmental and engineering research In-stitute, chinese Academy of sciences, lanzhou 73.000, china 2. Xinjiang institute of Ecology and Geography, chinese Academy of sciences, Urmqi 83.011, china Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Xueqin 1. laboratory of Blown Sand Physics and Desert environment Cold and Arid Regions of Environmental and Engineering Research In-stitute Chinese Academy of Sciences 730000 Lanzhou China 2. Xinjiang institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 830011 Urümqi China

Longitudinal dunes are the most widespread dune types in the world sand seas but comprehensive study on the sand surface stability is scarce. The southern part of Gurbantnggt Desert is mainly covered by longitudinal dune in which fixed and semi-fixed dunes occupy over 80% of the total area. Systematic analysis on the climatic conditions, the soil moisture and vegetation distributions, and the sand surface activities showed that the fixed and semi-fixed dunes are in a comprehensive low-energy wind environment. Snow cover and frozen soil provide a good protection to the ground surface in winter. The temporal distribution of precipitation and corresponding variation of temperature create a favorable condition for the desert plants growth, especially for the ephemeral plants. The occurrence of effective winds for sand moving in April to June coincides with the stage of relatively wet sand surface and good vegetation cover, which effectively keep the sand surface stable at the interdune and the plinth of the dunes. Activity sand surface appears only at the crest and the upper part of the sand dunes.

关键词： Gurbantünggüt Desert, longitudinal dune, sand surface stability.

Physico-chemical Characteristics and environmental Significance of Snow Deposition on Haxilegen Glacier No.51 in Tian Shan,china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第3期8卷 484-494页

作者： DONG Zhiwen LI Zhongqin ZHANG Mingjun WANG Feiteng WU Lihua state key laboratory of Cryospheric {3. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute /Tianshan Glaeiological Station CAS Lanzhou 730000 China College of Geography and environment Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China Graduate University of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Snow chemistry on the glaciers of alpine regions is a good indicator of atmospheric environmental *** examine snow chemistry in three snowpits at different altitudes on the Haxilegen Glacier No.51,in the Kuitun River source,Tian Shan,china,during July-September 2004 to *** use correlation analysis,factor analysis and sea-salt tracing methods to examine the characteristics and sources of major ions and mineral dust particles in the *** show that mineral dust particles and major ions in the snow pits vary *** the Asian dust period in springtime,the concentration of mineral dust particles and major ions deposited in snow is high,while the concentration is relatively low during the non-dust period of summer and *** may be caused by dust storm activity in central *** order of major ionic concentrations in the snow packs was determined to be Ca2+ > SO42-> NH4+ > NO3.> Cl-> Na+ > Mg2+ > K+.Ca2+ was the dominant cation;SO42- was the dominant *** find,with the exception of NO3.,that the variabilities of ionic concentrations are highly *** show that the glacier region was significantly affected by dust activity and anthropogenic *** major ions,especially Na+,originate from dust sources of central Asia and from the Ocean,transported by the westerly winds.

关键词： Snow chemistry Mineral dust environmental significance Haxilegen glacier No. 51 Tian Shan

Thermal and Mechanical Analysis of Ground Freezing Method Applied to Subway Tunnel

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Thermal and Mechanical Analysis of Ground Freezing Method Ap...

Bioremediation of Oil Spills in cold environments: A Review

第八届国际冻土工程会议

作者： Shuangyang Li Shujuan Zhang Mingyi Zhang Erxiang Zhao (state key laboratory of frozen soil engineering cold and arid {3. environmental and engineering research institute chinese Academy of sciences lanzhou Gansu 73.000 china)

＜正＞Although controlled ground freezing for construction and mining application has been in use for more than several decades,the literatures concerning about this aspect have mainly concentrated on engineering technique and indoor test instead of theoretical calculations and analyses up to *** order to provide theoretical reference for engineering practice,in this paper,a subway tunnel in Guangzhou,constructed by employing ground freezing method as an auxiliary engineering method,is taken as an example to analyze thermal and mechanical {3.s of soils and linings during tunnel *** first,based on the governing differential equations of the transient temperature field with phase change and heat of hydration of cement,the temperature fields at every excavation stage are computed and analyzed by using finite element ***, according to the distribution feature of the temperature field at every excavation stage and corresponding mechanical parameters decided by this temperature field,the stresses and settlements of soils during corresponding excavation stage are also analyzed through using creep constitutive model for frozen soil and elastoplastic constitutive model for unfrozen *** last,the safety of frozen earth wall is evaluated by applying long-term strength equation of frozen *** results show that,if ground freezing method is used to constructed subway tunnel,the surface settlements will be controlled effectively.

关键词： ground freezing method tunnel temperature field stress settlement

来源： cnki会议评论

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Pedosphere 2009年第3期19卷 371-381页

作者： YANG Si-Zhong JIN Hui-Jun WEI Zhi HE Rui-Xia JI Yan-Jun LI Xiu-Mei YU Shao-Peng state key laboratory of frozen soil engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 （China） lanzhou institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 （China） Department of Geography Harbin College Harbin 150086 （China）

Oil spills have become a serious problem in cold environments with the ever-increasing resource exploitation, transportation, storage, and accidental leakage of oil. Several techniques, including physical, chemical, and biological methods, are used to recover spilled oil from the environment. Bioremediation is a promising option for remediation since it is effective and economic in removing oil with less undue environmental damages. However, it is a relatively slow process in cold regions and the degree of success depends on a number of factors, including the properties and fate of oil spilled in cold environments, and the major microbial and environmental limitations of bioremediation. The microbial factors include bioavailability of hydrocarbons, mass transfer through the cell membrane, and metabolic limitations. As for the environmental limitations in the cold regions, the emphasis is on soil temperatures, freeze-thaw processes, oxygen and nutrients availability, toxicity, and electron acceptors. There have been several cases of success in the polar regions, particularly in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions. However, the challenges and constraints for bioremediation in cold environments remain large.

关键词： bioremediation cold environments freeze-thaw processes frozen soils oil spills

Analysis of the effects of rising temperature for embankments under seismic loads in cold regions

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research in cold and arid {3. 2009年第4期1卷 316-321页

作者： ZhiQiang Liu 1,2,Hao Lu 1 1.School of Civil engineering,lanzhou Jiaotong University,lanzhou,Gansu 73.070,{3..2.state key laboratory of frozen soil engineering,cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute,chinese Academy of {13.,lanzhou,Gansu 73.000,{3.. lanzhou Jiaotong Univ Sch Civil Engn Lanzhou 730070 Gansu Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst State Key Lab Frozen Soil Engn Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Peoples R China

The effect of temperature rising for frozen soil because of dynamic load was investigated by indoor *** and railway embankments are always loaded by dynamic loads such as earthquakes and *** the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is a re-gion where earthquakes occur frequently,it is essential to consider the temperature-rising effect of earthquakes or vehicles on railway and road *** this paper and according to the theories of heat transfer and dynamic equilibrium equations,as-suming frozen soil as thermal elastic-viscoplastic material,taking the combination of thermal and mechanical stresses into account,we present the numerical formulae of this dynamic problem,and the computer program of the two-dimensional finite element is *** the program,the dynamic response analyses for embankments loaded by earthquake are worked *** in-dicated that the temperature-rising effect result from earthquakes for embankment in nonuniform distribution in some small areas,the maximum rising temperature is 0.16 ?C for consideration in this paper.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan railway temperature-rising effect frozen soil embankment

Discussion on exploitation of mineral resources and ecological environmental issues in Wenquan, Wushan

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Acta Geochimica 2006年第S1期 44-45页

作者： Zhenming WEI1,2, Guodong ZHENG1,2, Yaling CHOU1,2 1 institute for Geological research, chinese Academy of {3., lanzhou 73.00, china 2 state key laboratory of frozen soil engineering, cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute, chinese Academy of {3., lanzhou 73.00, china

Modeling the Roles of Precipitation Increasing in Glacier Systems Responding to Climate Warming—Taking Xinjiang Glaciated Region as Example

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第4期2卷 306-312页

作者： WANG Xin XIE Zichu LIU Shiyin TAO Jianjun HAN Yongshun YANG Yuelong research institute of Geo-spatial Information Science Hunan University of Science ＆ Technology Xiangtan 411201 Hunan China key laboratory of Ice Core and cold Region＇s {3. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute CAS Lanzhou 730000 China institute of Resources and environment Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China institute of Tibetan Plateau research CAS Beijing 100029 China

The studies on prediction of climate in Xinjiang almost show that the precipitation would increase in the coming 50 years, although there were surely some uncertainties in precipitation predictions. On the basis of the structure of glacier system and nature of equilibrium line altitude at steady state （ELAo）, a functional model of the glacier system responding to climate changes was established, and it simultaneously involved the rising of summer mean temperature and increasing of mean precipitation. The results from the functional model under the climatic scenarios with temperature increasing rates of 0.01, 0.03.and 0.05 K/year indicated that the precipitation increasing would play an evident role in glacier system responding to climate change： if temperature become 1 ℃ higher, the precipitation would be increased by 10%, which can slow down the glaciers retreating rate in the area by 4 %, accelerate runoff increasing rate by 8 % and depress the ELAo rising gradient by 24 m in northern Xinjiang glacier system where semi-continental glaciers dominate, while it has corresponding values of only 1%, 5 % and 18m respectively in southern Xinjiang glacier system, where extremely continental glaciers dominate.

关键词： Glacier system climate warming precipitation increasing role

Application and Effect Analysis of the Awning Measure on cold regions

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Application and Effect Analysis of the Awning Measure on Col...