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Determination of the Number of SSR Alleles Necessary for the Analysis of Genetic Relationships Between Maize Inbred Lines

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第12期9卷 1713-1725页

作者： WU Cheng-lai, LI Sheng-fu, DONG Bing-xue, ZHANG Qian-qian and ZHANG Chun-qing state key laboratory of crop biology/College of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, P.R.China [a] state key laboratory of crop biology/College of Agriculture Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 P.R.China

The amount of molecular marker information has considerable impact on the results of studies of crop germplasm genetic relationships in crop. The number of alleles required to reveal genetic relationship in maize inbred lines is a theoretical issue that needs to be addressed. In this study, 112 pairs of SSR （simple sequence repeat） primers and 97 maize inbred lines were selected to study the relationship between the number of inbred lines and the number of SSR primers and alleles required for a stable cluster. The results showed that the number of SSR primers is not tightly associated with the stability of the cluster analysis results, while an increase in the number of alleles can significantly improve the stability of cluster analysis results. The number of inbred lines （X） is significantly associated with the number of alleles required for stable cluster analysis （Y）, and the regression equation is Y- 600.8xe（-15.9/x）. This equation can be used to calculate the number of SSR alleles required for a genetic relationship study of maize inbred lines. These results provide a reference for determining of SSR alleles number in genetic relationship analysis of maize inbred line and other crop germplasm.

关键词： maize inbred line SSR number of alleles genetic relationship

Genetic Diversity of Recurrent Selection Populations with Ms2 Gene Assessed by Gliadins in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第5期9卷 615-625页

作者： JIANG Hui, GAO Qing-rong, LI Luo-jiang, KONG Ling-rang, ZHANG Wei-dong, WU Shi-wen and YANG Ya-li state key laboratory of crop biology, Department of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, P.R.China [a] state key laboratory of crop biology Department of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 P.R.China

The male-sterile lines with Ms2 gene were highly evaluated in recurrent selection in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）. Three populations C6 （population after six cycles of selection）, C7 （population after seven cycles of selection）, and C8 （population after eight cycles of selection） were constructed through recurrent selection with 12 parental materials （P）. Acid polyacrymide gel electrophoresis （A-PAGE） analysis was used to identify gliadin patterns and evaluate the genetic diversity in 12 parents and three populations. A total of 63 bands were identified, of which 17 polymorphic bands and 7 unique bands were present in populations and seven polymorphic bands and four unique bands were present in parents. The number of polymorphic and unique bands decreased gradually from C6 to C8, especially for to- and y-gliadins. The genetic distances in C6, C7, and C8 were calculated. The distributions of genetic distance were different in three recurrent selection populations. From C6 to C8, the genetic distance was 0.2687, 0.2652 and 0.1987, respectively. Statistically significant differences were detected between C7 and C8 with the T value of 37.9718. The result of cluster analysis based on genetic similarity matrix of three populations fitted well to those of principle coordinates analysis （PCoA）. Compared with 12 parents, almost all individuals of three populations are new genotypes. Most of the individuals from C6 and C7 could be divided into two groups, while most individuals of C8 were in one cluster. In conclusion, the results indicated that the genetic diversity was decreased severely according to the information revealed by A-PAGE, although some variations could be created in the recurrent selection. It was necessary to introduce diverse germplasm based on the genetic database of recurrent population to maintain and improve the breeding efficiency in the further program.

关键词： genetic diversity recurrent selection gliadins Ms2 gene Triticum aestivum L

Respiratory Response of Dormant Nectarine Floral Buds on Chilling Deficiency

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第10期9卷 1448-1454页

作者： TAN Yue,GAO Dong-sheng,LI Ling,CHEN Xiu-de and XU Ai-hong state key laboratory of crop biology,National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,P.R.China [a] state key laboratory of crop biology National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 P.R. China

Changes in main biochemical respiratory pathways in dormant nectarine floral buds were studied with nectarine trees （Prunus ***, nectariana cv. Shuguang） in order to determine the function of respiration in dormancy release. Oxygen-electrode system and respiratory inhibitors were used to measure total respiratory rates and rates of respiratory pathways. Results showed that chilling deficiency blocked the transition of respiratory mode, and made buds stay in a state of high level pentose phosphate pathway （PPP） and low level tricarboxylie acid cycle （TCA）. The decline of PPP and activation of TCA occurred synchronously with the release of dormancy. In addition, the inhibition of PPP stimulated a respiration increase related with TCA. It could be concluded that the function of PPP activation in dormancy release might be limited and PPP declination inducing TCA activation might be part of respiration mode transition mechanism during bud sprouting.

关键词： nectarine floral buds dormancy release chilling deficiency pentose phosphate pathway tricarboxylic acidcycle

Effects of Cinnamon Acid on Respiratory Rate and Its Related Enzymes Activity in Roots of Seedlings of Malus hupehensis Rehd.

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第6期9卷 833-839页

作者： GAO Xiang-bin,ZHAO Feng-xia,SHEN Xiang,HU Yan-li,HAO Yun-hong,YANG Shu-quan,SU Li-tao and MAO Zhi-quan state key laboratory of crop biology/College of Horticultural Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,P.R.China [a] state key laboratory of crop biology/College of Horticultural Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 P.R.China

This paper studied the effects of cinnamon acid treatments on the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity in the seedling roots of Malus hupehensis *** would provide information for understanding the mechanisms of inhibition damage caused by continuous cultivation of apple tree.20 mL of solution containing different concentrations of cinnamon acid was added into container with the tested *** treatment,the samples were taken periodically and the respiratory rates were measured by OXY-LAB oxygen electrodes under 25°C stable temperature and then the activities of related enzymes were *** rates of total respiration and other 2 pathways [tricarboxylic acid cycle （TCA） and pentose phosphate pathway （PPP）] appeared initially an increasing treads and late （on the 3rd d） began to ***,they again appeared an increase trend at the end period,on the contrast,the respiratory rate of embden-meyer- hot-parnas （EMP） pathway appeared a stead decline tread but it had a recover on the last *** respiratory rate of total and 3 pathways were decreased under 125 mg kg-1 （soil）.The dynamic trends of the enzymes activities of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase （PFK）,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase （G-6-PDH） and malate dehydrogenase （MDH） showed *** conclusion,treatments of certain concentration of cinnamon acid would inhibit the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity of roots of *** *** the inhibition degrees were positively related with concentration of cinnamon acid treatments.

关键词： cinnamon acid Malus hupehensis Rehd. roots respiratory rate enzymes activity