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高压输电线路雷击闪络的实验室研究(英文)

高电压技术 2011年第11期37卷 2707-2714页

作者： Thongchai Disyadej stanislaw Grzybowski Northern Region Operation Division Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandPhitsanulok 65000Thailand Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA

This paper presents an investigation on the attractive width of high voltage transmission lines to lightning *** order to design the optimal lightning protection,the estimated number of lightning flashes on the line, which is based on its attractive width,needs to be *** investigation was performed using experiments with model tests at the Mississippi State University High Voltage *** laboratory experiments,a total of 2,100 negative and positive switching impulse voltages were applied to transmission line models from a conducting rod,which represented a lightning downward *** tested models of transmission lines on a scale of 1:100 were *** effects of overhead ground wires,phase conductors,tower structures,and the magnitude and polarity of lightning strokes were also *** attractive width increased gradually with the height of overhead ground wires and towers as well as the magnitude of the lightning stroke *** polarity had an impact on the attractive width,and the attractive width for negative polarity was larger than that for positive *** taller tower had more effect on flash distribution to transmission lines than the shorter *** experimental results agree with the actual transmission line observations published in *** new expressions for the attractive width of transmission lines,based on the experimental results,were *** accurate estimation of the attractive width can help electric power utilities plan transmission systems reliably and *** detailed description of the background problem,proposed method,experimental results,and analysis are presented in this paper.

关键词： lightning high voltage transmission line laboratory experiment test model

Use of the finite elements method for modelling the dynamic load impact on hydraulic leg equipped with gas accumulator

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Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2008年第2期14卷 171-175页

作者： GONDEK Horst MAZUREK Krzysztof SZWEDA stanislaw VB-Technical University of Ostrava Ostrava 70833Czech Republic KOMAG Mining Mechanization Centre GliwicePoland Mining and Geology Department Silesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland

Procedures of preparation of numerical analysis,consisting in a simulation of cooperation of three different media: steel,liquid and gas undergoes dynamic load were *** of the initial static load of the mechanical system was *** using the *** products the following exemplary computer simulations were made: dynamic load impact on the hydraulic leg as well as effectiveness of the hydraulic leg protection against overload with help of gas accumulator.

关键词：有限元方法动力荷载液压设备气体蓄力器

Investigation of the immune effects of Scutellaria baicalensis on blood leukocytes and selected organs of the chicken＇s lymphatic system

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 601-612页

作者： Bozena Kroliczewska stanislaw Graczyk Jaroslaw Kroliczewski Aleksandra Pliszczak-Krol Dorota Mista Wojciech Zawadzki Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences C.K Norwida 31 50-375 Wrodaw Poland Department of Immunology Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Wrodaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wrodaw Poland Department of Chemical Biology Faculty of Biotechnology University of Wroclaw Fryderyka Joliot-Curie 14a 50-383 Wroclaw Poland

Background： The health of chickens and the welfare of poultry industry are central to the efforts of addressing global food security. Therefore, it is essential to study chicken immunology to maintain and improve its health and to find novel and sustainable solutions. This paper presents a study on investigation of the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis root（SBR） on the immune response of broiler chicken, especially on lymphocytes and heterophils reactivity, regarding their contribution to the development of immunity of the ***： The 121-day-old Hubbard Hi-Y male broiler hybrids were randomly assigned to four treatment groups,three SBR supplemented groups（0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% of SBR） and one control group. Each treatment was replicated five times with six birds per replicate pen in a battery brooder. Blood was collected after 3-（rd） and 6-（th）wk of the experiment, and hemoglobin and hematocrit values were determined, as well as total leukocyte count and differential count were performed. Nitroblue tetrazolium test and phagocytosis assay as nonspecific immune parameters and humoral immune responses to the antigenic challenge by sheep red blood cells were ***, the ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to form radial segmentation（RS） of their nuclei was *** weight and relative weight of spleen, liver, and bursa of Fabricius were ***： Results showed that mean heterophile/lymphocyte ratio increased in the SBR groups compared to the control group and the blood of the chickens showed lymphocytic depletion. The results also demonstrated that the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and spleen in groups fed with SBR significantly decreased compared to the control group. This study also showed that the addition of SBR significantly inhibited the formation of RS of nuclei compared to some cytotoxic ***： We found that SBR supplementation should be carefully evaluated when given to poultry. The excess intake of

关键词： Development of immune organs Leukocyte Lymphatic system Radial segmentation Scutellaria baicalensis Toxic effect

Synthesis of 5,6-Diarylpyridin-2（1H）-ones from Isoflavones

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2013年第8期31卷 1027-1032页

作者： Mulin Zhu Zunting Zhang Dong Xue Jinfeng Qiao Yong Liang stanislaw F. Wnuk Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an Shannxi 710062 China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University Miami Florida 33199 United States Email: Zunting Zhang (zhangzunting@***)[*]Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an Shannxi 710062 China

A simple method for the cyclocondensation of substituted isoflavones with cyanoacetamide in the presence of sodium hydroxide to give an array of 3-cyano-5,6-diarylpyridin-2（1H）-ones in good yields is reported.

关键词： isoflavones cyclocondensation 3-cyano-5,6-diarylpyridin-2(1H)-ones

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 4 Is a Salicylic Acid-Independent Regulator of Growth But Not of Photosynthesis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1151-1166页

作者： Piotr Gawronski Damian Witon Kateryna Vashutin Magdalena Bederska Blaiej Betlihski Anna Rusaczonek stanislaw Karpinski Department of Plant Genetics Breeding and Biotechnology Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Warsaw University ofLife Sciences--SGGW Nowoursynowska 159 Warsaw 02-776 Poland Department of Botany Faculty of Agriculture and Biology Warsaw University of Life Sciences--SGGW Nowoursynowska 159 Warsaw02-776 Poland

Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathways regulate signal transduction from different cellular com- partments and from the extracellular environment to the nucleus in all eukaryotes. One of the best-characterized MAPKs in Arabidopsis thaliana is MPK4, which was shown to be a negative regulator of systemic-acquired resistance. The mpk4 mutant accumulates salicylic acid （SA）, possesses constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related （PR） genes, and has an extremely dwarf phenotype. We show that suppression of SA and phylloquinone synthesis in chloroplasts by knocking down the IC51 gene （by crossing it with the icsl mutant） in the mpk4 mutant background did not revert mpk4-impaired growth. However, it did cause changes in the photosynthetic apparatus and severely impaired the quantum yield of pho- tosystem Ih Transmission microscopy analysis revealed that the chloroplasts＇ structure was strongly altered in the mpk4 and mpk4/icsl double mutant. Analysis of reactive oxygen species （ROS）-scavenging enzymes expression showed that suppression of SA and phylloquinone synthesis in the chloroplasts of the mpk4 mutant caused imbalances in ROS homeo- stasis which were more pronounced in mpk4/icsl than in mpk4. Taken together, the presented results strongly suggest that MPK4 is an ROS/hormonal rheostat hub that negatively, in an SA-dependent manner, regulates immune defenses, but at the same time positively regulates photosynthesis, ROS metabolism, and growth. Therefore, we concluded that MPK4 is a complex regulator of chloroplastic retrograde signaling for photosynthesis, growth, and immune defenses in Arabidopsis.

关键词： chloroplast ultrastructure growth and photosynthesis regulation phylloquinone reactive oxygen species(ROS) retrograde signaling and salicylic acid (SA).

Macromolecules Mimicking Backbones of Nucleic and Teichoic ***,Some Properties and Applications

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 557-558页

作者： stanislaw Penczek Julia B.Pretula Krzysztof Kaluzynski Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences 90-363 Lodz Poland

1 Results Several methods have been elaborated in this laboratory allowing preparation of macromolecules with phosphodiester bonds,and having sequence of atoms similar as in the chains of biomacromolecules - nucleic or teichoic acids (TA),namely:-(C)n-O-PO-,where n=2 (for teichoic acids) or *** methods,to be discussed in the lecture,are based on the ring-opening polymerization,transesterification,and recently elaborated direct addition of phosphoric acid to *** the first time an attempt h...

关键词： macromolecules teichoic acid mimicking backbones

Thermostability of montmorillonitic clays

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China Foundry 2014年第3期11卷 201-207页

作者： Petr Jelínek stanislaw M.Dobosz Jaroslav Beňo Katarzyna Major-Gabrys VSB–Technical University of Ostrava Faculty of Metallurgy and Material Engineering Department of Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering Czech Republic AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Foundry Engineering Department of Moulding Materials Mould Technology and Foundry of Non-ferrous Metals Al. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland

Bentonite is one of the most widespread used clays connected with various applications. In the case of foundry technology, bentonite is primarily used as a binder for mold manufacture. Thermal stability of bentonites is a natural property of clay minerals and it depends on the genesis, source and chemical composition of the clay. This property is also closely connected to bentonite structure. According to DTA analysis if only one peak of dehydroxylation is observed(about 600 oC), the cis- isomerism of bentonite is expected, while two peaks of de-hydroxylation(about 550 and 850 oC) are expected in the trans- one. In this overview, the bentonite structure, the water – bentonite interaction and the swelling behavior of bentonite in connection with the general technological properties of bentonite molding mixture are summarized. Further, various types of methods for determination of bentonite thermostability are discussed, including instrumental analytical methods as well as methods that employ evaluation of various technological properties of bentonite binders and/or bentonite molding mixtures.

关键词： bentonite thermostability binder clay

Effect of a Non-Zero Velocity of the Motion Frame on the Kinetic Energy of a Free Particle Examined with the Aid of the Relativistic Mechanics

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World Journal of Mechanics 2021年第1期11卷 1-6页

作者： stanislaw Olszewski Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland

The paper examines the change of the relativistic kinetic energy of a free particle due to the velocity change of the motion frame in a special case when this reduction leads to the kinetic energy equal to zero. The difference of velocities gives a functional dependent solely on the velocity frame and original velocity of the particle. An analysis applied to the functional gives simple formulae for the extremal values of the mentioned velocity parameters. In the next step, solutions of the equation presented with the functional provide us with the velocities necessary for the vanishing property of the kinetic energy. A characteristic point is that a condition of the velocity of the motion frame smaller than the velocity of light is obtained directly in the applied formalism. This property holds with no reference done to the well-known postulate of the dominant value of the light velocity entering the relativity theory.

关键词： Relativistic Kinetic Energy Reduction of the Particle Velocity due to the Velocity of the Motion Frame

Time Intervals of the Electron Transitions between the Energy States in the Hydrogen Atom Calculated in a Non-Probabilistic Way

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第13期10卷 1522-1531页

作者： stanislaw Olszewski Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland

Definitions of the mechanical parameters entering the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom allowed us to calculate the time intervals connected with the electron transitions between the nearest-neighbouring energy levels in the atom. This is done in a strictly non-probabilistic way. The time results are compared with those derived earlier on the basis of the classical Joule-Lenz law for the energy emission adapted to the case of the electron transfer in the quantum systems. A similar formalism has been next applied to the harmonic oscillator and a particle moving in the one-dimensional potential box.

关键词： Spectrum of the Hydrogen Atom Time Intervals of the Electron Transitions