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Deep reinforcement learning for the optimized operation of large amounts of distributed renewable energy assets

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2023年第1期11卷 106-117页

作者： Jan Martin specht Reinhard Madlener Institute for Future Energy consumer Needs and Behavior(FcN) School of Business and Economics/E.ON Energy Research CenterRWTH Aachen UniversityMathieustraße 1052074AachenGermany Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Sentralbygg 17491GløshaugenTrondheimNorway

This study utilizes machine learning and,more specifically,reinforcement learning(RL)to allow for an optimized,real-time operation of large numbers of decentral flexible assets on private household scale in the electricity *** potential and current obstacles of RL are demonstrated and a guide for interested practitioners is provided on how to tackle similar tasks without advanced skills in neural network *** the application in the energy domain it is demonstrated that state-of-the-art RL algorithms can be trained to control potentially millions of small-scale assets in private *** detail,the applied RL algorithm outperforms common heuristic algorithms and only falls slightly short of the results provided by linear optimization,but at less than a thousandth of the simulation ***,RL paves the way for aggregators of flexible energy assets to optimize profit over multiple use cases in a smart energy grid and thus also provide valuable grid services and a more sustainable operation of private energy assets.

关键词： Reinforcement learning Virtual power plant Aggregation of energy Value stacking Flexibility of decentral energy assets

Spread of common native and invasive grasses and ruderal trees following anthropogenic disturbances in a tropical dry forest

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 394-407页

作者： Xavier A.Jaime Skip J.Van Bloem Frank H.Koch stacy A.c.Nelson Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Texas A&M University2138 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843-2138USA Belle W.Baruch Institute of coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson UniversityPO Box 596GeorgetownSC 29442USA USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station3041 East Cornwallis RoadResearch Triangle ParkNC 27709USA center for Geospatial Analytics Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA.

Introduction:A fundamental challenge to the integrity of tropical dry forest ecosystems is the invasion of nonnative grass *** grasses compete for resources and fuel anthropogenic *** 2012,a bulldozer from the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority cleared a 570-m trail from a state road into a mature dry forest section of Guánica Forest to control a *** monitored colonization by a non-native invasive grass(Megathyrsus maximus),a highly invasive tree(Leucaena leucocephala),and a native grass(Uniola virgata),as well as natural regeneration,along the bulldozer *** determined whether bulldozing facilitated colonization by these species into the forest and the extent of ***:Distance from propagule source and temporal variations strongly influenced colonization by our three focal *** maximus invaded along the trail from source populations by the state *** establishment of new colonies of *** seedlings went as far as 570 m inside the forest(i.e.,at the end of the bulldozer trail),but we found most new colonies within 270 m of the *** leucocephala exhibited a similar spreading *** disturbance,Uniola virgata was distributed widely across the forest,but the highest densities were found in areas near the latter portion(>401 m)of the bulldozer ***,the species formed new clumps along more than half of the trail(250 to 570 m),apparently colonizing from undisturbed patches ***:Bulldozing facilitated the invasion of non-native *** projected community assemblage will be more fire-prone than before since *** carries fire across the landscape better than ***,emphasizing the capacity of invasive plant colonization to alter local ecological processes after only a single wildfire and bulldoze *** results provide a valuable baseline for short-term vegetation response to anthropogenic disturbances in tropical semi-deciduous dry forests.

关键词： Tropical dry forest Grass invasions Bulldozing Wildfire Leucaena leucocephala Megathyrsus(Panicum)maximus Uniola virgata

Relationship between apoptotic markers in semen from fertile men and demographic, hormonal and seminal characteristics

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第6期14卷 890-896页

作者： Ina O specht Marcello Spano Karin S Hougaard Gian c Manicardi Davide Bizzaro Gunnar Toft Aleksander Giwercman Jens-Peter E Bonde Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine University Hospital of Copenhagen Copenhagen NV DK-2400 Denmark Laboratory of Toxicology Unit of Radiation Biology and Human Health ENEA Casaccia Research Center Rome 1-00123 Italy National Research centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen 0 DK-2100 Denmark Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e degli Alimenti Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia 1-42121 Italy Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona 1-60131 Italy epartment of Occupational Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus C DK-8000 Denmark Reproductive Medicine centre Maim6 University Hospital Lund University MalmO SE-20502 Sweden

Apoptosis in the testis has two putative roles during normal spermatogenesis; limitation of the germ cell population to numbers that can be supported by the Sertoli cells, and, possibly, selective depletion of meiotic and postmeiotic abnormal germ cells. We investigated the demographic and biological correlates of the pro-apoptotic marker Fas and the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-xL in sperm cells of fertile men. Six hundred and four men from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine were consecutively enrolled during their pregnant wife＇s antenatal visits. Semen analysis was performed as recommended by the World Health Organization. Immunofluorescence coupled to flow cytometry was utilized for detection of apoptotic markers in the sperm cell. DNA damage was assessed by flow cytometry using both the sperm chromatin structure assay （ScSA） and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling （TUNEL） assay. The percentage of Fas-positive sperm cells was higher in men with high total sperm count （P〈O.01）, more motile sperms （P=-O.04） and fewer sperm head defects （P=-O.05）. These associations were consistent within and across study regions. Furthermore, testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and sexual hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） were significantly negatively correlated with Fas within and across regions as well. The data indicated no association between the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL marker and semen or personal characteristics. The finding of Fas-positive sperm cells associated with better semen quality in a cohort of spouses of pregnant women seems different from previous data obtained in infertile men and warrants further investigation to clarify the biological significance of sperm apoptotic markers.

关键词： apoptosis Bcl-x protein Fas-associated death domain protein fertility sperm chromatin structure assay (ScSA) sper- matozoa TUN EL assay

Neuronal injury in the motor cortex after chronic stroke and lower limb motor impairment: a voxelbased lesion symptom mapping study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第7期9卷 766-772页

作者： Alexandria M.Reynolds Denise M.Peters Jennifer M.c.Vendemia Lenwood P.Smith Raymond c.Sweet Gordon c.Baylis Debra Krotish stacy L.Fritz Department of Psychology Barnwell College University of South Carolina Department of Exercise Science University of South Carolina Department of Psychology University of South Carolina Neurosurgery center University of South Carolina School of Medicine Western Kentucky University University of South carolina School of Medicine

Many studies have examined motor impairments using voxel-based lesion symptom mapping, but few are reported regarding the corresponding relationship between cerebral cortex injury and lower limb motor impairment analyzed using this technique. This study correlated neuro- nal injury in the cerebral cortex of 16 patients with chronic stroke based on a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping analysis. Neuronal injury in the corona radiata, caudate nucleus and putamen of patients with chronic stroke could predict walking speed. The behavioral measure scores were consistent with motor deficits expected after damage to the cortical motor system due to stroke. These findings suggest that voxel-based lesion symptom mapping may provide a more accurate prognosis of motor recovery from chronic stroke according to neuronal injury in cerebral motor cortex.

关键词： nerve regeneration magnetic resonance imaging stroke cerebral cortex motor cortex voxel-based lesion symptom mapping motor function prognosis neural regeneration

Environmental mercury exposure, semen quality and reproductive hormones in Greenlandic Inuit and European men： a cross-sectional study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 97-104页

作者： Emina Mocevic Ina O specht Jacob L Marott Aleksander Giwercman Bo AG Jonsson Gunnar Toft Thomas Lundh Jens Peter Bonde Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Copenhagen NV DK-2400 Denmark Reproductive Medicine centre Sk~ne University Hospital Malm6 Lund University Malm6 SE-20502 Sweden Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund SE-22185 Sweden Department of Occupational Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus DK-8000 Denmark

Several animal studies indicate that mercury is a male reproductive toxicant, but human studies are few and contradictory. We examined semen characteristics and serum levels of reproductive hormones in relation to environmental exposure to mercury. Blood and semen samples were collected from 529 male partners of pregnant women living in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine between May 2002 and February 2004. The median concentration of the total content of mercury in whole blood was 9.2 ng ml-1 in Greenland （0.2- 385.8 ng ml-1）, 1.0 ng m1-1 in Poland （0.2-6.4 ng ml-z） and 1.0 ng ml-I in Ukraine （0.2-4.9 ng ml-1）. We found a significantly positive association between the blood levels of mercury and serum concentration of inhibin B in men from Greenland （p=0.074, 95% confidence interval （cI）=0.021 to 0.126） and in an analysis including men from all three regions （p=0.067, 95% c1=0.024 to O. 110）. The association may be due to beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs）, which are contained in seafood and fish. No significant association （P〉O.05） was found between blood concentrations of mercury and any of the other measured semen characteristics （semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, morphology and motility） and reproductive hormones （free androgen index {FAI）, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, testosterone and LH xtestosterone） in any region. In conclusion, the findings do not provide evidence that environmental mercury exposure in Greenlandic and European men with median whole blood concentration up to 10 ng m1^-1 has adverse effects on biomarkers of male reproductive health.

关键词： blood mercury concentration environmental mercury exposure male fertility reproduction reproductive hormones semen characteristics semen quality

Unfolding the complexity of phonon quasi-particle physics in disordered materials

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npj computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1620-1627页

作者： Sai Mu Raina J.Olsen Biswanath Dutta Lucas Lindsay German D.Samolyuk Tom Berlijn Eliot D.specht Ke Jin Hongbin Bei Tilmann Hickel Bennet c.Larson George M.Stocks Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH D-40237 DüsseldorfGermany center of Nanophase and Material Science Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA computational Science and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

The concept of quasi-particles forms the theoretical basis of our microscopic understanding of emergent phenomena associated with quantum-mechanical many-body ***,the quasi-particle theory in disordered materials has proven difficult,resulting in the predominance of mean-field ***,we report first-principles phonon calculations and inelastic X-ray and neutron-scattering measurements on equiatomic alloys(Nico,NiFe,AgPd,and NiFeco)with force-constant dominant disorder—confronting a key 50-year-old assumption in the Hamiltonian of all mean-field quasi-particle solutions for off-diagonal *** results have revealed the presence of a large,and heretofore unrecognized,impact of local chemical environments on the distribution of the species-pair-resolved force-constant disorder that can dominate phonon *** discovery not only identifies a critical analysis issue that has broad implications for other elementary excitations,such as magnons and skyrmions in magnetic alloys,but also provides an important tool for the design of materials with ultralow thermal conductivities.

关键词： alloys particle phonon

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3D additive manufactured composite scaffolds with antibiotic-loaded lamellar fillers for bone infection prevention and tissue regeneration

丛书名：大学用书

1982年

作者： cilbert N. specht H.c. 林万亿郭振昌译

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第4期6卷 1073-1082页

作者： María c´amara-Torres stacy Duarte Ravi Sinha Ainhoa Egizabal Noelia´Alvarez Maria Bastianini Michele Sisani Paolo Scopece Marco Scatto Alessandro Bonetto Antonio Marcomini Alberto Sanchez Alessandro Patelli carlos Mota Lorenzo Moroni Maastricht University MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineComplex Tissue Regeneration DepartmentUniversiteitssingel 406229ERMaastrichtthe Netherlands TEcNALIA Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Mikeletegi Pasealekua 220009Donostia-San SebastianSpain Prolabin&Tefarm S.r.l. Via Dell’Acciaio906134PerugiaItaly d Nadir S.r.l.Via Torino155/b30172VeniceItaly Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and StatisticsCa’Foscari University of VeniceDorsoduro 324630172VeniceItaly Department of Physics and Astronomy Padova UniversityVia Marzolo835131PadovaItaly

Bone infections following open bone fracture or implant surgery remain a challenge in the orthopedics *** order to avoid high doses of systemic drug administration,optimized local antibiotic release from scaffolds is required.3D additive manufactured(AM)scaffolds made with biodegradable polymers are ideal to support bone healing in non-union scenarios and can be given antimicrobial properties by the incorporation of *** this study,ciprofloxacin and gentamicin intercalated in the interlamellar spaces of magnesium aluminum layered double hydroxides(MgAl)andα-zirconium phosphates(ZrP),respectively,are dispersed within a thermoplastic polymer by melt compounding and subsequently processed via high temperature melt extrusion AM(~190◦c)into 3D *** inorganic fillers enable a sustained antibiotics release through the polymer matrix,controlled by antibiotics counterions exchange or pH ***,both antibiotics retain their functionality after the manufacturing process at high temperatures,as verified by their activity against both Gram+and Gram-bacterial ***,scaffolds loaded with filler-antibiotic do not impair human mesenchymal stromal cells osteogenic differentiation,allowing matrix mineralization and the expression of relevant osteogenic ***,these results suggest the possibility of fabricating dual functionality 3D scaffolds via high temperature melt extrusion for bone regeneration and infection prevention.

关键词： Melt extrusion additive manufacturing Antibiotic delivery Lamellar inorganic fillers Bone infection Bone regeneration Human mesenchymal stromal cells

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管理学实地研究的方法契合

管理世界 2011年第5期27卷 157-169页

作者： Amy c.Edmondson stacy E.McManus 李文静王晓莉 Harvard Business School Monitor Executive Development 东北财经大学工商管理学院

研究方法的契合是组织研究领域开展高质量实地研究的一个至关重要的内在特征,但这一问题在管理学研究中却没有得到应有的关注。所谓契合,指的是研究项目中各要素之间具备内部一致性——包括研究问题、前期工作、研究设计以及理论贡献。... 详细信息

研究方法的契合是组织研究领域开展高质量实地研究的一个至关重要的内在特征,但这一问题在管理学研究中却没有得到应有的关注。所谓契合,指的是研究项目中各要素之间具备内部一致性——包括研究问题、前期工作、研究设计以及理论贡献。本文提出一个权变框架,将现有丈献与研究设计加以联系,以解决如何在一篇论文中实现定性数据和定量数据相结合的问题,并且探讨了该框架对于实地研究领域新人培养之裨益。

关键词：实地研究契合管理学内部一致性内在特征理学研究理论贡献定性数据