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The problem and promise of scale in multilayer animal social networks

Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 113-123页

作者： Alec L.RObITAILLE Quinn M.R.WEbbER Julie W.TURNER vander WAL ERIC Department of biology Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNLA1B 3X9Canada Cognitive and behavioural Ecology Interdisciplinary Program Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNLA1B 3X9Canada

Scale remains a foundational concept in *** scale,for instance,has become a central consideration in the way we understand landscape ecology and animal space ***,scale-dependent social processes can range from fine scale interactions to co-occurrence and overlapping home ***,sociality can vary within and across *** networks promise the explicit integration of the social,spatial,and temporal *** the complex interplay of sociality and animal space use in heterogeneous landscapes,there remains an important gap in our understanding of the influence of scale on animal social *** an empirical case study,we discuss ways of considering social,spatial,and temporal scale in the context of multilayer caribou social *** integration of social and spatial processes,including biologically meaningful scales,within the context of animal social networks is an emerging area of *** incorporate perspectives that link the social environment to spatial processes across scales in a multilayer context.

关键词： caribou habitat selection landscape ecology Rangifer social network analysis space use

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Temporal variation and its drivers in the elemental traits of four boreal plant species

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第3期14卷 398-413页

作者： Isabella C.Richmond Shawn J.Leroux Travis R.Heckford Eric vander Wal Matteo Rizzuto Juliana balluffi-Fry Joanie L.Kennah Yolanda F.Wiersma Department of biology Memorial University of Newfoundland232 Elizabeth AvenueSt.John'sNL A1B 3X9Canada

Aims Intraspecific variation in plant traits has important consequences for individual fitness and herbivore *** plants,trait variability across spatial dimensions is well ***,temporal dimensions of trait variability are less well known,and may be influenced by seasonal differences in growing degree days(GDD),temperature and ***,we aim to quantify intraspecific temporal variation in traits and the underlying drivers for four commonly occurring boreal plant *** We sampled the elemental and stoichiometric traits(%C,%N,%P,C:N,C:P,N:P)of four common browse species'foliage across 2 *** a two-step approach,we first fitted generalized linear models(GzLM,n=24)to the species'elemental and stoichiometric traits,and tested if they varied across *** we observed evidence for temporal variability,we fitted a second set of GzLMs(n=8)with temperature,productivity and moisture as explanatory *** Findings We found no evidence of temporal variation for most of the elemental and stoichiometric traits of our four boreal plants,with two *** was an important predictor for percent carbon across all four species(R^(2)=0.47-0.67)and for multiple elemental and stoichiometric traits in balsam fir(5/8,R2=0.29-0.67).Thus,variation in percent carbon was related to interannual differences,more so than nitrogen and phosphorus,which are limiting nutrients in the boreal *** results also indicate that year may explain more variation in conifers'stoichiometry than for deciduous plants due to life history *** was the most frequently occurring variable in the second round of models(8/8 times,R^(2)=0.21-0.41),suggesting that temperature is an important driver of temporal variation in these traits.

关键词： biogeochemistry boreal forest elemental phenotype ecological stoichiometry environmental drivers plant traits plant variation

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