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Post Episiotomy Morbidity among Parturient in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi state

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第8期14卷 1144-1160页

作者： John chinedu Obasi Ayodele Adegbite Olaleye Boniface N. Ejikeme John O. Egede charles Nwambeke Edene Enemma christian Enemma Victor Onuchukwu Emmanuel Onyekelu Nathan c. Ekpe Wendy Oliobi Emmanuel c. Uwakwe Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital AbakalikiNigeria

Background: Episiotomy is a very common obstetric surgery, and it could be associated with serious complications. However, these complications largely are not noticed due to the shift of attention from mother to baby, after a successful delivery. Objective: To identify the morbidities associated with episiotomies and factors associated with such morbidities. Method: This was a questionnaire based cross sectional descriptive study among women who attended the Obstetric Department of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi state, between 1st July and 31st Nov, 2023. The study population consisted of parturients who had episiotomies in their previous confinements, attending either the antenatal clinic or the postnatal clinic at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi state. Results: Macrosomia was the most common indication of episiotomy at a rate of 31.6%. The majority of episiotomies were performed on the parturients in their first confinement at a rate of 64.5% and the majority of repairs were performed by the Registrar at a rate of 65.0%. Informed consent was obtained from 45.79% of parturients while 54.21% were not informed before the episiotomy was administered. Only 55.3% of the parturient received analgesia before episiotomy was administered. The majority of the parturients had their episiotomy repaired between 10 - 15 minutes at a rate of 40.3%. Postoperative pain at the rate of 44.5% was the most common complication and dyspareunia as a form of sexual complication was the commonest at a rate of 31.3%. conclusion: The parturient needs to be properly counselled before administration of episiotomy and adequate analgesia should be given, as episiotomy is a surgical procedure. Proper training of health workers on both the technique of administering and repairing episiotomy is important. Restrictive use of routine episiotomy in primigravidae is advised to reduce the rate of episiotomy.

关键词： Episiotomy Vulva Pains Primigravidae Morbidities Analgesia

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卤化氢共振增强多光子电离光谱

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物理化学学报 2007年第10期23卷 1543-1552页

作者：王华胜 KVARAN gúst 冰岛大学理科研究所

测定了卤化氢(Hcl,HBr和HI)(2+1)共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)光谱,采用模拟计算法分析推导出转动常数、谱带源以及Ω态振动谱带的同位素位移值.得到的Hcl数据同Green等人用常规分析法所推导的结果极为吻合.得出8条振动谱带,其中包括V(1... 详细信息

测定了卤化氢(Hcl,HBr和HI)(2+1)共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)光谱,采用模拟计算法分析推导出转动常数、谱带源以及Ω态振动谱带的同位素位移值.得到的Hcl数据同Green等人用常规分析法所推导的结果极为吻合.得出8条振动谱带,其中包括V(1Σ+)态,E(1Σ+)的v′=4态以及HBr的5个新谱带,此外还推导出HI的E态v′=1的4个振动谱带光谱参数.观测了V和E态之间因同类相互作用而产生的不规则能级间距、转动参数和同位素位移.讨论了Hcl和HBr的E态和V态振动谱带中的转动谱线序列O和S对Q的强度比的变化,提出了双光子激发机理.

关键词：共振加强多光子电离卤化氢激光光谱学微扰光谱模拟激发机理

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current and future role of three-dimensional modelling technology in rectal cancer surgery:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第12期13卷 1754-1769页

作者： Anna Przedlacka Gianluca Pellino jordan Fletcher Fernando Bello Paris P Tekkis christos Kontovounisios Department of Surgery and cancer Imperial College LondonLondon SW109NHUnited Kingdom Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences Universitàdegli Studi della Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138CampaniaItaly colorectal Surgery Vall d'Hebron University HospitalBarcelona 08029Spain colorectal Surgery Royal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW36JJUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery and cancer St Mark’s Hospital Academic InstituteImperial College LondonLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom centre for Engagement and Simulation Science Imperial College LondonLondon SW109NHUnited Kingdom colorectal Surgery Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW109NHUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUND Three-dimensional(3D)modelling technology translates the patient-specific anatomical information derived from two-dimensional radiological images into virtual or physical 3D models,which more closely resemble the complex environment encountered during *** has been successfully applied to surgical planning and navigation,as well as surgical training and patient education in several surgical specialties,but its uptake lags behind in colorectal *** cancer surgery poses specific challenges due to the complex anatomy of the pelvis,which is difficult to comprehend and *** To review the current and emerging applications of the 3D models,both virtual and physical,in rectal cancer surgery。METHODS Medline/PubMed,Embase and Scopus databases were searched using the keywords“rectal surgery”,“colorectal surgery”,“three-dimensional”,“3D”,“modelling”,“3D printing”,“surgical planning”,“surgical navigation”,“surgical education”,“patient education”to identify the eligible full-text studies published in English between 2001 and *** list from each article was manually reviewed to identify additional relevant *** conference abstracts,animal and cadaveric studies and studies describing 3D pelvimetry or radiotherapy planning were *** were extracted from the retrieved manuscripts and summarised in a descriptive *** manuscript was prepared and revised in accordance with PRISMA 2009 *** Sixteen studies,including 9 feasibility studies,were included in the systematic *** studies were classified into four categories:feasibility of the use of 3D modelling technology in rectal cancer surgery,preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation,surgical education and surgical device *** studies used virtual models,one 3D printed model and 2 both types of *** construction of virtual and physical models depicting the normal pelvic anatomy and rectal cancer,was shown to be *** the

关键词： Rectal cancer Three-dimensional modelling Three-dimensional printing Image-guided surgery Surgical navigation Surgical education

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氯化氢共振多光子电离光谱:F^1△_2态的光谱微扰分析

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物理学报 2013年第16期62卷 107-114页

作者：龙精明王华胜 Kvaran gúst 冰岛大学自然科学研究所

通过共振多光子电离-飞行时间法,记录了氯化氢分子在84800—85700cm-1范围内,F1△2(v′=1)里德堡态以及V1Σ+(v′=13,14)离子对态的电离产物H+,35cl+,H35cl+及其同位素的光谱数据.由于受离子对态V1Σ+的作用,F1△2(v′=1)态呈现出明显... 详细信息

通过共振多光子电离-飞行时间法,记录了氯化氢分子在84800—85700cm-1范围内,F1△2(v′=1)里德堡态以及V1Σ+(v′=13,14)离子对态的电离产物H+,35cl+,H35cl+及其同位素的光谱数据.由于受离子对态V1Σ+的作用,F1△2(v′=1)态呈现出明显的近共振相互作用特性.为了分析F1△2与V1Σ+态之间存在的光谱微扰,基于光解离电离通道的分析,并针对F1△2(v′=1)态离子信号比的变化,将离子信号二能级作用模型优化到三能级的作用模型,计算得到了微扰强度值为0.6cm-1,预解离系数γ为0.025.此外,对于F1△2(v′=1)与V1Σ+(v′=13,14)态的三个振动能级的光谱峰位置,采用光谱解微扰法拟合,同样得到了类似的微扰强度和去微扰后的各光谱参数.研究表明,激发至F1△2(v′=1)态得到的H+,cl+离子主要是该态通过与离子对态耦合作用而产生,而F1△2(v′=1)态光谱位置偏移不仅受离子对态而且还受其他里德堡态作用的影响.同时,非零γ值证实了F1△2态预解离的存在.

关键词：光解离电离里德堡态离子对态光谱微扰

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Specific alterations of regional myocardial work in strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids compared to athletes with genetic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第4期12卷 477-485页

作者： Antoine Grandperrin Frédéric Schnell Erwan Donal Elena Galli christophe Hedon Olivier cazorla stéphane Nottin Avignon University LaPEC UPR 4278Avignon F-84000France Rennes University CHU RennesInsermLTSI-UMR 1099Rennes F-35000France Montpellier University PhyMedExpINSERMCNRSPhysiology and Experimental Heart and Muscle MedicineMontpellier 34295France

Background:strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS)have left ventricular(LV)hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis that can lead to sudden cardiac death.A similar feature was described in athletes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HcM),which complicates the diagnosis for *** this context,we aimed to compare the LV function of the 2 populations by measuring global and regional strain and myocardial work using speckle-tracking ***:Twenty-four strength-trained asymptomatic athletes using AAS(AAS-Athletes),22 athletes diagnosed with HcM(HcM-Athletes),and 20 healthy control athletes(ctrl-Athletes)underwent a resting echocardiography to assess LV *** evaluated LV global and regional strains and myocardial work,with an evaluation of the constructive work(cW),wasted work,and work efficiency(WE).Results:compared to ctrl-Athletes,both AAS-Athletes and HcM-Athletes had a thicker interventricular septum,with maj ored values in *** strain was reduced in AAS-Athletes and even more in ***,global WE was significantly diminished in both AAS and HcM-Athletes(93%±2%in ctrl-Athletes,90%±4%in AAS-Athletes,and 90%±5%in HcM-Athletes(mean±SD);pconstructive work and WE regional analysis showed specific alterations,with the basal septal segments preferentially affected in AAS-Athletes,and both septal and apical segments affected in ***:The regional evaluation of myocardial work reported specific alterations of the major LV hypertrophy induced by the regular use of AAS compared to the LV hypertrophy due to *** finding could help clinicians to differentiate between these 2 forms of pathological hypertrophy.

关键词： Anabolic androgenic steroids Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Left ventricular function Myocardial work Speckle-tracking echocardiography

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Use of antibiotics in broiler production:Global impacts and alternatives

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第2期4卷 170-178页

作者： Youcef Mehdi Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy Marie-Lou Gaucher Younes chorfi Gayatri Suresh Tarek Rouissi Satinder Kaur Brar caroline cté Antonio Avalos Ramirez stéphane Godbout Université Laval Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation Institut de Recherche et de Développement en Agroenvironnement Université de Montréal Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire Institut National de Recherche Scientifique centre National en électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales

Antibiotics are used to fight bacterial ***, a selective pressure gave rise to bacteria resistant to *** leaves scientists worried about the danger to human and animal *** strategies can be borrowed to reduce the use of antibiotics in chicken *** research has been carried out to look for natural agents with similar beneficial effects of growth *** aim of these alternatives is to maintain a low mortality rate, a good level of animal yield while preserving environment and consumer *** these, the most popular are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes,organic acids, immunostimulants, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, phytogenic feed additives, phytoncides,nanoparticles and essential oils.

关键词： Broiler chicken Antibiotic Probiotic Prebiotic Enzyme Essential oil

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Adaptive Thermoforming and structural Design of Millimeter-Wave Antenna Panels

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第4期5卷 327-335页

作者： Zack Hatfield Alex st.Peter christian Davila-Peralta Joel Berkson Daewook Kim Justin Hyatt James c.Wyant college of Optical Sciences University of Arizona1630 E.University BlvdTucsonAZ85721USA Department of Astronomy and steward Observatory University of Arizona933 N.Cherry AveTucsonAZ85721USA

Future large-scale radio telescope observatories,such as the next-generation Very Large Array,involve extremely large collection *** collection areas are divided into smaller shaped panels,which typically require their own unique molds to *** these projects to be cost-effective,an efficient fabrication method for the shaped panels is *** paper outlines the development and success of a novel adaptive freeform panel molding technology that greatly improves manufacturing efficiency due to its repeatable and reusable ***,it presents an analysis of a proposed panel structural design for the shaped panels,which incorporates a study on surface deformation due to gravity and wind loading under realistic operational conditions.

关键词： Radio telescope Millimeter-wave Thermoform Adaptable mold

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Production of liquid bio-fuel from catalytic de-oxygenation:Pyrolysis of beech wood and flax shives

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燃料化学学报 2019年第2期47卷 153-166页

作者： chetna Mohabeer Luis Reyes Lokmane Abdelouahed stéphane Marcotte Jean-christophe Buvat Lucette Tidahy Edmond Abi-Aad Bechara Taouk Normandie Univ INSA Rouen NormandieUNIROUENLaboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques Normandie Univ INSA Rouen NormandieUNIROUEN Université du Littoral cte d'Opale Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant

This study presents a detailed analysis of the catalytic de-oxygenation of the liquid and gaseous pyrolytic products of two biomasses (beech wood and flax shives) using different catalysts (commercial HZSM-5 and H-Y,and lab-synthesised Fe-HZSM-5,Fe-H-Y,Pt/Al2O3 and coMo/Al2O3). The experiments were all conducted in a semi-batch reactor under the same operating conditions for all feed materials. BET specific surface area,BJH pore size distribution and FT-IR technologies have been used to characterise the catalysts,while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Gc-MS),flame ionisation detection (Gc-FID) and thermal conductivity detection (Gc-TcD) were used to examine the liquid and gaseous pyrolytic products. It was firstly seen that at higher catalyst-to-biomass ratios of 4∶1,de-oxygenation efficiency did not experience any further significant improvement. FeHZSM-5 was deemed to be the most efficient of the catalysts utilised as it helped reach the lowest oxygen contents in the bio-oils samples and the second best was HZSM-5. It was also found that HZSM-5 and H-Y tended to privilege the decarbonylation route(production of cO),whilst their iron-modified counterparts favoured the decarboxylation one (production of cO2) for both biomasses studied. It was then seen that the major bio-oil components (carboxylic acids) underwent almost complete conversion under catalytic treatment to produce mostly unoxygenated aromatic compounds,phenols and gases like cO and cO2. Finally,phenols were seen to be the family most significantly formed from the actions of all catalysts.

关键词： pyrolysis biomass catalytic treatment de-oxygenation bio-oil upgrading

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Are Small Grazers and/or Viruses a structuring Factor of the Free-Living Bacterial community in Lake Geneva?

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第3期3卷 233-248页

作者： stéphan Jacquet Isabelle Domaizon cécile chardon Sébastien Personnic INRA UMR CARRTEL Station d’Hydrobiologie Lacustre Equipe Biodiversité Fonctionnement et Evolution des Ecosystèmes Lacustres Thonon-les-Bains Cedex France

Two experiments were conducted to test whether viruses, small auto- and heterotrophic nanoflagellates were key factors regulating at relatively short-term (4 days) and nearby periods (April vs. May) the bacterial community in surface waters of Lake Geneva. 2.5 L containing polycarbonate bottles were incubated in situ with either μm filtered water with additions of either virus-free water or a viral concentrate. Abundances of viruses, prokaryotes and small autotrophs were obtained each day using flow cytometry, while bacterial richness was assessed using 16S rDNA PcR-DGGE and auto- and heterotrophic flagellates counted with epifluorescence microscopy at t0 and t96. Transmission electron microscopy was also used to assess virus-induced bacterial mortality at the start and the end of the experiments. cloning-sequencing was applied on PcR products obtained after excision of selected DGGE bands to highlight more specifically the identity of bacteria of interest in the context of the experiment. The autotrophs and grazer presence and/or the virus enrichment resulted in different effects on the structure of the bacterial community and the impact was also different with the period. In May, bacterial structure changes seemed to be related to the impact or influence of the eukaryotes (including nanoflagellate grazers), while viruses might have a higher impact on the bacterial community structure the month before. This study provides new persuasive evidence that the presence of viruses and small eukaryotes are likely to drive bacterial community composition and shifts on the short-term in lacustrine ecosystems. More interestingly, such effects seem to be different between viruses and grazers, the ones sustaining, the others reducing bacterial community composition.

关键词： Viruses Bacteria Flagellates PcR-DGGE Richness Regulation Lake

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comparison of estimators of variance for forest inventories with systematic sampling-results from artificial populations

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第2期7卷 215-233页

作者： steen Magnussen Ronald EMcRoberts Johannes Breidenbach Thomas Nord-Larsen Göran ståhl Lutz Fehrmann Sebastian Schnell 506 West Burnside Road VictoriaBC V8Z 1M5Canada Raspberry Ridge Analytics 15111 Elmcrest Avenue NorthHugoMN 55038USA Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Høgskolevegen 81431ÅsNorway Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 23DK-1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Forest Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden Forest Inventory and Remote Sensing Faculty of Forest SciencesUniversity of GöttingenBüsgenweg 5D37077GöttingenGermany Alfred-Möller-straße 1 Haus 41-4216225 EberswaldeGermany.

Background:Large area forest inventories often use regular grids(with a single random start)of sample locations to ensure a uniform sampling intensity across the space of the surveyed populations.A design-unbiased estimator of variance does not exist for this ***,a quasi-default estimator applicable to simple random sampling(SRS)is used,even if it carries with it the likely risk of overestimating the variance by a practically important *** better exploit the precision of systematic sampling we assess the performance of five estimators of variance,including the quasi *** this study,simulated systematic sampling was applied to artificial populations with contrasting covariance structures and with or without linear *** compared the results obtained with the SRS,Matern’s,successive difference replication,Ripley’s,and D’Orazio’s variance ***:The variances obtained with the four alternatives to the SRS estimator of variance were strongly correlated,and in all study settings consistently closer to the target design variance than the estimator for *** latter always produced the greatest *** populations with a near zero spatial autocorrelation,all estimators,performed equally,and delivered estimates close to the actual design ***:Without a linear trend,the SDR and DOR estimators were best with variance estimates more narrowly distributed around the benchmark;yet in terms of the least average absolute deviation,Matern’s estimator held a narrow *** a strong or moderate linear trend,Matern’s estimator is *** large populations,and a low sampling intensity,the performance of the investigated estimators becomes more similar.

关键词： Spatial autocorrelation Linear trend Model based Design biased Matern variance Successive difference replication variance Geary contiguity coefficient Random site effects

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