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Effect of erosion on corrosion of API X120 steel in relation to erodent particle size

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第6期27卷 691-701页

作者： Paul C.Okonkwo Said Grami srinivasan Murugan Shariq Khan Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department College of EngineeringDhofar University211 SalalahOman Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringDhofar University211 SalalahOman

The nature of the solid erodent particles present in corrosive petroleum fluid can cause transporting pipeline to experience severe erosion and corrosion damages. The effect of erosion on corrosion behavior of API X120 steel was investigated using aluminum oxide and silicon carbide particles with different sizes as erodent and 3.5wt.% NaCl aqueous solution saturated with carbon dioxide as a corrosive medium. The effect of the erodent particle size on the corrosion behavior of the steel material at different particle speeds and impact angles was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and surface analysis techniques. The erosion results confirmed that the material damage increased with increasing particle speed. It was observed that in carbon dioxide-saturated saline solution, deposition of protective iron carbonate film occurred on the steel surface. It was found that the corrosion film can provide better protection at lower particle speed than at higher speed. The ratio of total erosion-corrosion (S)/effect of erosion on corrosion (T) analysis confirmed that at higher S/T ratio, the particle speed and material removal rate are low and vice versa at lower S/T ratio. Lower S/T values for the combined erosion and corrosion tests performed with erodent silicon carbide particle compared to erodent aluminum oxide particle showed that erosion enhancement of corrosion is more evident in the test performed using aluminum oxide particle than using silicon carbide particle. The result also suggests that when subjected to larger size erodent particle, the damage to pipeline due to effect of erosion on corrosion process can be more significant compared to smaller size erodent particle.

关键词： Erosion Corrosion API X120 steel Carbon dioxide Aluminum oxide Silicon carbide Erodent particlesize

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Distribution Locational Marginal Pricing Based Equilibrium Optimization Strategy for Data Center Park with Spatial-temporal Demand-side Resources

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1959-1970页

作者： Zhihao Yang Anupam Trivedi Ming Ni Haoming Liu Dipti srinivasan IEEE College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore

This paper proposes a distribution locational marginal pricing(DLMP) based bi-level Stackelberg game framework between the internet service company(ISC) and distribution system operator(DSO) in the data center park. To minimize electricity costs, the ISC at the upper level dispatches the interactive workloads(IWs) across different data center buildings spatially and schedules the battery energy storage system temporally in response to DLMP. Photovoltaic generation and static var generation provide extra active and reactive power. At the lower level, DSO calculates the DLMP by minimizing the total electricity cost under the two-part tariff policy and ensures that the distribution network is uncongested and bus voltage is within the limit. The equilibrium solution is obtained by converting the bi-level optimization into a single-level mixed-integer second-order cone programming optimization using the strong duality theorem and the binary expansion method. Case studies verify that the proposed method benefits both the DSO and ISC while preserving the privacy of the ISC. By taking into account the uncertainties in IWs and photovoltaic generation, the flexibility of distribution networks is enhanced, which further facilitates the accommodation of more demand-side resources.

关键词： Bi-level optimization congestion management data center demand response distribution locational marginal pricing(DLMP) robust optimization

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Recursive Approximation of Complex Behaviours With IoT-Data Imperfections

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第3期7卷 656-667页

作者： Korkut Bekiroglu Seshadhri srinivasan Ethan Png Rong Su Constantino Lagoa College of Engineering SUNY Polytechnic InstituteUtica 13503NYUSA Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore(BEARS) Singapore 138602Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore IEEE Electrical Engineering Department of Pennsylvania State University ParkPA 16802 USA

This paper presents an approach to recursively estimate the simplest linear model that approximates the time-varying local behaviors from imperfect(noisy and incomplete) measurements in the internet of things(IoT) based distributed decision-making problems. We first show that the problem of finding the lowest order model for a multi-input single-output system is a cardinality(l0) optimization problem, known to be *** solve the problem a simpler approach is proposed which uses the recently developed atomic norm concept and the modified Frank-Wolfe(mFW) algorithm is introduced. Further, the paper computes the minimum data-rate required for computing the models with imperfect measurements. The proposed approach is illustrated on a building heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning(HVAC) control system that aims at optimizing energy consumption in commercial buildings using IoT devices in a distributed manner. The HVAC control application requires recursive thermal dynamical model updates due to frequently changing conditions and non-linear dynamics. We show that the method proposed in this paper can approximate such complex dynamics on single-board computers interfaced to sensors using unreliable communication channels. Real-time experiments on HVAC systems and simulation studies are used to illustrate the proposed method.

关键词： Adaptability distributed decision systems imperfect measurements internet of things(IoT) low order model identification

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High-accuracy thermodynamic properties to the melting point from ab initio calculations aided by machine-learning potentials

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2310-2321页

作者： Jong Hyun Jung Prashanth srinivasan Axel Forslund Blazej Grabowski Institute for Materials Science University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany

Accurate prediction of thermodynamic properties requires an extremely accurate representation of the free-energy *** are twofold—first,the inclusion of the relevant finite-temperature mechanisms,and second,a dense volume–temperature grid on which the calculations are performed.A systematic workflow for such calculations requires computational efficiency and reliability,and has not been available within an ab initio framework so ***,we elucidate such a framework involving direct upsampling,thermodynamic integration and machine-learning potentials,allowing us to incorporate,in particular,the full effect of anharmonic *** improved methodology has a five-times speed-up compared to state-of-the-art *** calculate equilibrium thermodynamic properties up to the melting point for bcc Nb,magnetic fcc Ni,fcc Al,and hcp Mg,and find remarkable agreement with experimental data.A strong impact of anharmonicity is observed specifically for *** introduced procedure paves the way for the development of ab initio thermodynamic databases.

关键词： harmonic point prediction

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Numerical Methods for Two-Fluid Dispersive Fast MHD Phenomena

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第6期10卷 183-215页

作者： Bhuvana srinivasan Ammar Hakim Uri Shumlak Aerospace and Energetics Research Program University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Tech-X Corporation 5621 Arapahoe Avenue Suite ABoulderCO 80303USA

The finite volume wave propagation method and the finite element RungeKutta discontinuous Galerkin(RKDG)method are studied for applications to balance laws describing plasma *** plasma fluid equations explored are dispersive and not *** physical dispersion introduced through the source terms leads to the wide variety of plasma *** dispersive nature of the plasma fluid equations explored separates the work in this paper from previous *** linearized Euler equations with dispersive source terms are used as a model equation system to compare the wave propagation and RKDG *** numerical methods are then studied for applications of the full two-fluid plasma *** two-fluid equations describe the self-consistent evolution of electron and ion fluids in the presence of electromagnetic *** is found that the wave propagation method,when run at a CFL number of 1,is more accurate for equation systems that do not have disparate characteristic ***,if the oscillation frequency is large compared to the frequency of information propagation,source splitting in the wave propagation method may cause phase *** Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method provides more accurate results for problems near steady-state as well as problems with disparate characteristic speeds when using higher spatial orders.

关键词： Two-fluid plasma model 5 moment discontinuous Galerkin high-resolution wave propagation dispersive source terms hyperbolic conservation laws dispersive Euler soliton Zpinch

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Enhanced Performance of Discharge Plasma in Raw Engine Exhaust Treatment-Operation under Different Temperatures and Loads

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第4期7卷 2943-2946页

作者： B S Rajanikanth A D srinivasan Subhankar das Dept.of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012IndiaDept.of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012IndiaDept.of High Voltage Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012India

This paper reports improved performance of discharge plasma in raw engine exhaust treatment. For the purpose of investigation, both filtered and raw diesel engine exhaust were separately treated by the discharge plasma. In raw exhaust environment, the discharge plasma exhibits a superior performance with regard to NOx removal, energy consmnption and formation of by-products. In this study, experiments were conducted at conditions of different temperatures and loads.

关键词： raw diesel engine exhaust discharge plasma NOx removal

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Hybrid Optimized PI Controller Design for Grid Tied PV Based Electric Vehicle

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1523-1545页

作者： J.Aran Glenn srinivasan Alavandar Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering AMET Deemed to be UniversityChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Agni College of TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia

Nowadays,researchers are becoming increasingly concerned about developing a highly efﬁcient emission free transportation and energy generation system for addressing the pressing issue of environmental crisis in the form of pollution and climate *** introduction of Electric Vehicles(EVs)solves the challenge of emission-free transportation while the necessity for decarbonized energy production is fulﬁlled by the installation and expansion of solar-powered Photovoltaic(PV)***,this paper focuses on designing an effective PV based EV charging system that aids in stepping towards the achievement of a pollution free *** overcoming the inherent intermittency associated with PV,a novel DC-DC converter is designed by integrating both Trans Z-source con-verter and Luo converter,which offers remarkable beneﬁts of high conversion range,lesser voltage stress and excellent efﬁciency.A novel robust Lion Grey Wolf Optimized Proportional Integral(LGWO-PI)controller is designed for sig-niﬁcantly strengthening the operation of the integrated converter in terms of peak overshoot,Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)and settling time.A 3’Voltage Source Inverter(VSI)is employed to convert the stable DC output from the PV sys-tem to AC,which is then used for driving the Brushless Direct Current Motor(BLDC)motor of *** speed of the BLDC is regulated using a PI *** BLDC motor gets the power supply from the grid during the unavailability of PV based power *** grid is integrated with the designed EV charging system through a 1’VSI and the process of grid voltage synchronization is carried out with the application of PI *** simulation for evaluating the operation of the presented EV charging system is done using MATLAB and the attained out-comes have validated that this introduced methodology delivers enhanced perfor-mance with optimal efﬁciency of 97.6%and lesser THD of 2.1%.

关键词： PV system trans Z-source based luo converter LGWO-PI controller BLDC motor PI controller single phase VSI three phase VSI

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Dietary fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds and garlic (Allium sativum) alleviates oxidative stress in experimental myocardial infarction

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2017年第2期6卷 77-87页

作者： P.Mukthamba K.srinivasan Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition CSIR–Central Food Technological Research InstituteMysore 570020India

Soluble fiber-rich fenugreek seeds(Trigonella foenum-graecum)and garlic(Allium sativum)are understood to exert cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant *** cardioprotective influence of a combination of fenugreek seeds and garlic by their antioxidant influence was evaluated in hypercholesterolemic rats administered *** rats were maintained on high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks along with dietary interventions of fenugreek(10%),garlic(2%)and their *** infarction was induced with isoproterenol *** circulatory troponin,disturbed activities of cardiac ATPases,increased serum iron and decreased ceruloplasmin confirmed myocardial *** lipid peroxides accompanied with reduced antioxidant molecules caused by isoproterenol and altered activities of antioxidant enzymes in serum and heart in induced myocardial necrosis were countered by dietary fenugreek,garlic,and fenugreek+*** fenugreek seeds and garlic ameliorated isoproterenol-induced compromised antioxidant status,the cardioprotective effect being higher by the combination of fenugreek seeds and garlic.

关键词： Fenugreek seeds Garlic High cholesterol diet Isoproterenol Myocardial infarction Oxidative stress

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Metaheuristics with Vector Quantization Enabled Codebook Compression Model for Secure Industrial Embedded Environment

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第6期36卷 3607-3620页

作者： Adepu Shravan Kumar S.srinivasan Department of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversitySaveetha NagarThandalamChennai602105India

At the present time,the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)has swiftly evolved and emerged,and picture data that is collected by terminal devices or IoT nodes are tied to the user's private *** use of image sensors as an automa-tion tool for the IIoT is increasingly becoming more *** to the fact that this organisation transfers an enormous number of photographs at any one time,one of the most significant issues that it has is reducing the total quantity of data that is sent and,as a result,the available bandwidth,without compromising the image *** compression in the sensor,on the other hand,expedites the transfer of data while simultaneously reducing bandwidth *** traditional method of protecting sensitive data is rendered less effective in an environment dominated by IoT owing to the involvement of third *** image encryp-tion model provides a safe and adaptable method to protect the confidentiality of picture transformation and storage inside an IIoT *** helps to ensure that image datasets are kept *** Linde–Buzo–Gray(LBG)methodology is an example of a vector quantization algorithm that is extensively used and a rela-tively new form of picture reduction known as vector quantization(VQ).As a result,the purpose of this research is to create an artificial humming bird optimi-zation approach that combines LBG-enabled codebook creation and encryption(AHBO-LBGCCE)for use in an IIoT *** the beginning,the AHBO-LBGCCE method used the LBG model in conjunction with the AHBO algorithm in order to construct the *** Burrows-Wheeler Transform(BWT)model is used in order to accomplish codebook *** addition,the Blowfish algorithm is used in order to carry out the encryption procedure so that security may be attained.A comprehensive experimental investigation is carried out in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in comparison to other *** experimental values ensure that the suggeste

关键词： Codebook compression industrial internet of things lbg model metaheuristics vector quantization

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Machine Learning Controller for DFIG Based Wind Conversion System

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 381-397页

作者： P.srinivasan P.Jagatheeswari Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amrita College of Engineering and TechnologyNagercoil629002India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ponjesly College of EngineeringNagercoil629002India

Renewable energy production plays a major role in satisfying electricity *** power conversion is one of the most popular renewable energy sources compared to other *** energy conversion has two major types of generators such as the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(PMSG)and the Doubly Fed Induction Generator(DFIG).The maximum power tracking algo-rithm is a crucial controller,a wind energy conversion system for generating maximum power in different wind speed *** this article,the DFIG wind energy conversion system was developed in Matrix Laboratory(MATLAB)and designed a machine learning(ML)algorithm for the rotor and grid side *** ML algorithm has been developed and trained in a MATLAB *** are two types of learning algorithms such as supervised and unsupervised *** this research supervised learning is used to power the neural networks and analysis is made for various hidden layers and activation *** results are assessed to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed system.

关键词： Doubly fed induction generator machine learning convertors generators activation function

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