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Analysis of docosanol using GC/MS:Method development,validation,and application to ex vivo human skin permeation studies

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第2期12卷 287-292页

作者： Vijay Kumar Shankar Mei Wang srinivas ajjarapu Praveen Kolimi Bharathi Avula Reena Murthy Ikhlas Khan Sathyanarayana Narasimha Murthy Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery University of MississippiOxfordMS38677USA Natural Products Utilization Research Unit Agricultural Research ServiceU.S.Department of AgricultureOxfordMS38677USA National Center for Natural Products Research Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of PharmacyUniversity of MississippiOxfordMS38677USA Topical Products Testing LLC OxfordMS38677USA

Docosanol is the only US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approved over-the-counter topical product for treating recurrent oral-facial herpes simplex labialis.Validated analytical methods for docosanol are required to demonstrate the bioequivalence of docosanol topical products.A gas chromatography/selected ion monitoring mode mass spectrometry(GC/SIM-MS)method was developed and validated for docosanol determination in biological samples.Docosanol and isopropyl palmitate(internal standard)were separated on a high-polarity GC capillary column with(88%cyanopropy)aryl-polysiloxane employed as the stationary phase.The ions of m/z 83 and 256 were selected to monitor docosanol and isopropyl palmitate,respectively;the total run time was 20 min.The GC/SIM-MS method was validated in accordance with US FDA guidelines,and the results met the US FDA acceptance criteria.The docosanol calibration standards were linear in the 100-10000 ng/mL concentration range(R^(2)>0.994).The recoveries for docosanol from the receptor fluid and skin homogenates were>93.2%and>95.8%,respectively.The validated method was successfully applied to analyze ex vivo human cadaver skin permeation samples.On applying Abreva®cream tube and Abreva®cream pump,the amount of docosanol that penetrated human cadaver skin at 48 h was 21.5±7.01 and 24.0±6.95 ng/mg,respectively.Accordingly,we concluded that the validated GC/SIM-MS was sensitive,specific,and suitable for quantifying docosanol as a quality control tool.This method can be used for routine analysis as a costeffective alternative to other techniques.

关键词： Docosanol Fatty alcohols Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Topical formulation Skin permeation

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Fe-N_(x) sites coupled with core-shell FeS@C nanoparticles to boost the oxygen catalysis for rechargeable Zn-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 565-577,I0013页

作者： Katam srinivas Zhuo Chen Anran Chen Fei Ma Ming-qiang Zhu Yuanfu Chen School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054SichuanChina College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina School of Materials and Energy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091YunnanChina

The development of efficient single-atom catalysts(SACs) for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)remains a formidable challenge,primarily due to the symmetric charge distribution of metal singleatom sites(M-N_(4)).To address such issue,herein,Fe-N_(x) sites coupled synergistic catalysts fabrication strategy is presented to break the uniform electronic distribution,thus enhancing the intrinsic catalytic activity.Precisely,atomically dispersed Fe-N_(x) sites supported on N/S-doped mesoporous carbon(NSC)coupled with FeS@C core-shell nanoparticles(FAS-NSC@950) is synthesized by a facile hydrothermal reaction and subsequent pyrolysis.Due to the presence of an in situ-grown conductive graphitic layer(shell),the FeS nanoparticles(core) effectively adjust the electronic structure of single-atom Fe sites and facilitate the ORR kinetics via short/long-range coupling interactions.Consequently,FAS-NSC@950displays a more positive half-wave potential(E_(1/2)) of 0.871 V with a significantly boosted ORR kinetics(Tafel slope=52.2 mV dec^(-1)),outpacing the commercial Pt/C(E_(1/2)=0.84 V and Tafel slope=54.6 mV dec^(-1)).As a bifunctional electrocatalyst,it displays a smaller bifunctional activity parameter(ΔE) of 0.673 V,surpassing the Pt/C-RuO_(2) combination(ΔE=0.724 V).Besides,the FAS-NSC@950-based zincair battery(ZAB) displays superior power density,specific capacity,and long-term cycling performance to the Pt/C-Ir/C-based ZAB.This work significantly contributes to the field by offering a promising strategy to enhance the catalytic activity of SACs for ORR,with potential implications for energy conversion and storage technologies.

关键词： Fe-N_(x)sites Core-shell FeS@C Synergistic interactions Oxygen reduction reaction Zn-air battery

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Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon srinivas Merugu Jaibir Sharma Amit Lal Eldwin J.Ng Yul Koh Joshua E.-Y.Lee Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip development.The localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising characteristics.Unlike traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic chamber.Moreover,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane waveguide.Experimental demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS channels.These experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

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Comprehensive Overview and Analytical Study on Automatic Bird Repellent Laser System for Crop Protection

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第1期31卷 38-53页

作者： Sireesha Abotula srinivas Gorla Prasad Reddy PVGD Mohankrishna S Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM Deemed to be UniversityVisakhapatnam 530045India Department of Information Technology Andhra UniversityVisakhapatnam 530003India Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Andhra UniversityVisakhapatnam 530003India

Birds are a huge hazard to agriculture all around the world,causing harm to profitable field crops.Growers use a variety of techniques to keep them away,including visual,auditory,tactile,and olfactory deterrents. This study presents a comprehensive overview of current bird repellant approaches used in agricultural contexts,as well as potential new ways. The bird repellent techniques include Internet of Things technology,Deep Learning,Convolutional Neural Network,Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,Wireless Sensor Networks and Laser biotechnology. This study’s goal is to find and review about previous approach towards repellent of birds in the crop fields using various technologies.

关键词： Bird repellent crop protection IoT UAV Deep Learning

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NbN quantum dots anchored hollow carbon nanorods as efficient polysulfide immobilizer and lithium stabilizer for Li-S full batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 260-271,I0007页

作者： Fei Ma Zhuo Chen Katam srinivas Ziheng Zhang Yu Wu Dawei Liu Hesheng Yu Yue Wang Xinsheng Li Ming-qiang Zhu Qi Wu Yuanfu Chen School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and TechnologyChengdu 610054SichuanChina College of Science and Institute of Oxygen Supply Center of Tibetan Studies(Everest Research Institute)Tibet UniversityLhasa 850000TibetChina College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityXianyang 712100ShaanxiChina

The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth seriously hinder the practical application of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.To simultaneously address such issues,monodispersed Nb N quantum dots anchored on nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanorods(NbN@NHCR)are elaborately developed as efficient Li PSs immobilizer and Li stabilizer for high-performance Li-S full batteries.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations and experimental characterizations demonstrate that the sulfiphilic and lithiophilic NbN@NHCR hybrid can not only efficiently immobilize the soluble Li PSs and facilitate diffusion-conversion kinetics for alleviating the shuttling effect,but also homogenize the distribution of Li+ions and regulate uniform Li deposition for suppressing Li-dendrite growth.As a result,the assembled Li-S full batteries(NbN@NHCR-S||Nb N@NHCR-Li)deliver excellent long-term cycling stability with a low decay rate of 0.031%per cycle over 1000 cycles at high rate of 2 C.Even at a high S loading of 5.8 mg cm^(-2)and a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 5.2μL mg^(-1),a large areal capacity of 6.2 mA h cm^(-2)can be achieved in Li-S pouch cell at 0.1 C.This study provides a new perspective via designing a dual-functional sulfiphilic and lithiophilic hybrid to address serious issues of the shuttle effect of S cathode and dendrite growth of Li anode.

关键词： Dual-functional host NbN quantum dots Shuttle effect Dendrite-free Li anode Li-S full batteries

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Investigation on FBG based optical sensor for pressure and temperature measurement in civil application

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年

作者： Somesh Nandi Chethana K T srinivas Preeta Sharan Department of Electronics and Communications the Oxford College of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering 2. Department of Electronics and Communications Jyothy Institute of Technology Depart-ment of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Science

Optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have advanced significantly in the last several years. The use of innovative FBG in temperature and pressure measurement is examined in this study. The benefits of FBGs， such as their compact size， low weight， resilience to corrosion， immunity to electromagnetic interference， distributed sensing， and remote monitoring， have brought attention to the growing research in this field of structural health monitoring of civil infrastructures. In this investigation， a novel model is proposed and implemented using ANSYS workbench and GratingMOD tool. It is shown that the central wavelength of FBG sensors increased from 1 550 nm to 1 556 nm when the temperature rose from 10 ℃ to 40 ℃. In a similar vein， the central wavelength grew from 1 551.166 7 nm to 1 560.056 nm over a pressure range from 100 MPa to 600 MPa. The claimed work will make it possible to calibrate sensors more precisely， guaranteeing accurate data and being useful in monitoring numerous parameters at once， making them beneficial in a variety of applications.

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Recent advances in Fe-N-C single-atom site coupled synergistic catalysts for boosting oxygen reduction reaction

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Electron 2024年第1期2卷 1-38页

作者： Katam srinivas Jian Zhen Hesheng Yu Dawei Liu Jian Zhen Ou Ming‐qiang Zhu Yuanfu Chen School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Metal-air batteries,fuel cells,and electrochemical H_(2)O2 production currently attract substantial consideration in the energy sector owing to their efficiency and eco-consciousness.However,their broader use is hindered by the complex oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)that occurs at cathodes and involves intricate electron transfers.Despite the significant ORR performance of platinum-based catalysts,their high cost,operational limitations,and susceptibility to methanol poisoning hinder broader implementation.This emphasizes the need for efficient nonprecious metal-based ORR electrocatalysts.A promising approach involves utilizing single-atom catalysts(SACs)featuring metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)coordination sites.SACs offer advantages such as optimal utilization of metal atoms,uniform active centers,precisely defined catalytic sites,and robust metal-support interactions.However,the symmetrical electron distribution around the central metal atom of a single-atom site(M-N4)often results in suboptimal ORR performance.This challenge can be addressed by carefully tailoring the surrounding environment of the active center.This review specifically focuses on recent advancements in the Fe-N4 environment within Fe-N-C SACs.It highlights the promising strategy of coupling Fe-N4 sites with metal clusters and/or nanoparticles,which enhances intrinsic activity.By capitalizing on the interplay between Fe-N4 sites and associated species,overall ORR performance improved.The review combines findings from experimental studies and density functional theory simulations,covering synthesis strategies for Fe-N-C coupled synergistic catalysts,characterization techniques,and the influence of associated particles on ORR activity.By offering a comprehensive outlook,the review aims to encourage research into high-efficiency Fe single-atom sites coupled synergistic catalysts for real-world applications in the coming years.

关键词： electrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction particle@Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts synergistic catalysts

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Synergy of human platelet lysate and laminin to enhance the neurotrophic effect of human adipose-derived stem cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2200-2202页

作者： Pietro G di Summa srinivas Madduri Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryUniversity Hospital of LausanneUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Department of Surgery Bioengineering and NeuroregenerationUniversity of GenevaUniversity Hospital GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Despite the spontaneous regenerative capacity of the peripheral nervous system,clinical nerve repair often results in poor functional recovery with the high socio-economic burden.In presence of peripheral nerve injuries and when distal nerve transfers are not possible,nerve autografts,are the solution of choice to cross a critical nerve gap.However,these are associated with donor site morbidity and offer only suboptimal functional recovery.Thus,the need to improve the rate of effective regeneration has directed research attention towards stem cell therapy and nerve tissue engineering.

关键词： injuries donor spite

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Changes in body composition in relation to estimated glomerular filtration rate and physical activity in predialysis chronic kidney disease

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2022年第4期8卷 305-313页

作者： Prathiksha R.Bhat Asna Urooj srinivas Nalloor Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition ManasagangotriUniveristy of MysoreMysuruKarnatakaIndia Department of Nephrology Apollo BGS hospitalsMysuruKarnatakaIndia

Background: Early body composition changes, associated with physical inactivity and disease advancement are devastating for patient-related outcomes in predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD), thus warranting a detailed analysis of body composition beyond conventional measures.Methods: The study included 40 subjects diagnosed with CKD;recruited between January to May 2021. Body composition was measured using the multifrequency analyzer, InBody 770. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form was used to assess physical activity. Suitable statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 21.0.Results: The mean age of the subjects was 58.68 ± 12.24 years. Sarcopenic obesity was prevalent in 62.5% of the subjects. Body mass index under identified obesity by 15% compared to percent body fat, especially in subjects with low muscle mass. The decline in a unit of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) significantly correlated with a decrease in weight (p = 0.02), body fat mass (p = 0.05), visceral fat area (p = 0.05), and phase angle (p = 0.01) with marginal changes in waist–hip ratio and extracellular water/total body water. The effect of physical activity on skeletal muscle mass was homogeneous between low and moderate levels, but significantly different from high activity level.Conclusion: Changes in fat and fluid compartment were associated with eGFR decline, whereas higher physical activity positively affected body composition.

关键词： body composition electric impedance exercise glomerular filtration rate malnutrition

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Adaptive thermal comfort in naturally ventilated hostels of warm and humid climatic region,Tiruchirappalli,India

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2023年第5期4卷 530-542页

作者： Mohd Faheem Nikhil Bhandari srinivas Tadepalli Department of Architecture National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliTamil Nadu 620015India

Thermal comfort is an important factor in hostel buildings when the aim is to maximize the productivity of the students.Due to the extreme weather conditions,achieving thermal comfort in a hostel building in a hot and humid climate is even more difficult.Studies conducted in naturally ventilated hostel buildings in warm-humid climates involved the influence of outdoor air temperature only up to 34.4℃ and have been conducted in a specific season.In contrast,the Tiruchirappalli climate is characterized by a higher range of environmental variables.Therefore,to understand the thermal comfort conditions and usage of the environmental controls in naturally ventilated hostel buildings at the higher range of the environmental variables,a thermal comfort field study spread over one year was carried out at the National Institute of Technology,Tiruchirappalli,India,in twenty-seven hostel buildings.This study relies on field observation and thermal comfort responses from 2028 questionnaires collected from the students between September 2019 to August 2020.The analysis revealed a neutral temperature of 29.5℃ and a comfort range from 26.1℃ to 32.8℃,indicating a wide range of ther-mal adaptation than suggested by the National Building Code of India and ASHRAE standard 55.The preferred temperature was 27.8℃,indicating that students preferred a cooler environment.Acceptability with sweating conditions extended the upper limit of thermal acceptability from 31.8℃ to 32.4℃.The use of a mosquito net can increase the probability of opening a window.Results indicated that overall behavioral adjustment could extend the comfort limits.The study results would be helpful to develop guidelines and designs for naturally ventilated hostel buildings in warm and humid climates that will contribute to reducing energy demand.

关键词： Naturally ventilated hostel building Adaptive thermal comfort Adaptive behavior Sweating condition Elevated air speed

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