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Paths and cycles of hypergraphs

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Science China Mathematics 1999年第1期42卷 1-12页

作者：王建方 tony t.lee Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T.

Hypergraphs are the most general structures in discrete mathematics. Acyclic hypergraphs have been proved very useful in relational databases. New systems of axioms for paths, connectivity and cycles of hypergraphs are constructed. the systems suit the structure properties of relational databases. the concepts of pseudo cycles and essential cycles of hypergraphs are introduced. they are relative to each other. Whether a family of cycles of a hypergraph is dependent or independent is defined. An enumeration formula for the maximum number of independent essential cycles of a hypergraph is given.

关键词： hypergraph path connected cycle pseudo cycle essential cycle.

Hurricane disturbances, tree diversity, and succession in North Carolina Piedmont forests, USA

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 219-231页

作者： Weimin Xi Robert K.Peet Michael t.lee Dean L.Urban Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Biological and Health Sciences Texas A & M University-Kingsville the Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University

Windthrow plays a critical role in maintaining species diversity in temperate forests. Do large-scale strong wind events(i.e., tropical cyclones, including hurricanes,typhoons and severe cyclonic storms) increase tree diversity in severely damaged forest areas? Do hurricanes(tropical cyclones that occurs in the Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean) lead to altered relative abundance of shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant species? Did historic hurricanes alter the succession trajectory of the damaged forests? We used nearly 70-year tree demographic data to assess the effects of two major hurricanes on woody species diversity in Piedmont forests, North Carolina, USA. Species richness(S) and Shannon–Wiener's diversity index(H') were used to evaluate the changes in tree diversity. the changes in composition were assessed with Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling. the pre-hurricane successional phase can strongly influence both the damage severity and subsequent responses. Although there is often an immediate drop in diversity following a hurricane, understory tree diversity quickly increases to levels that exceed those prior to the disturbance. this leads to an increase in diversity in stands that were substantially damaged. Hurricanes significantly decrease the dominance of shade-intolerant canopy species while increasing preestablished, more shade-tolerant species. We conclude that large, and infrequent hurricanes help to maintain local tree diversity, but also accelerate the increase in dominance of understory species such as red maple and beech.

关键词： Wind disturbance tree species diversity Plant succession Disturbance-diversity relationship Piedmont forests

Relationships between regulated DBPs and emerging DBPs of health concern in U.S. drinking water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 161-172页

作者： Stuart W.Krasner Ai Jia Chih-Fen t.lee Raha Shirkhani Joshua M.Allen Susan D.Richardson Michael J.Plewa Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Water Quality LaboratoryCA 91750USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaSC 29208USA Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801USA Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801USA

A survey was conducted at eight U.S. drinking water plants, that spanned a wide range of water qualities and treatment/disinfection practices. Plants that treated heavily-wastewaterimpacted source waters had lower trihalomethane to dihaloacetonitrile ratios due to the presence of more organic nitrogen and HAN precursors. As the bromide to total organic carbon ratio increased, there was more bromine incorporation into DBPs. this has been shown in other studies for tHMs and selected emerging DBPs(HANs), whereas this study examined bromine incorporation for a wider group of emerging DBPs(haloacetaldehydes, halonitromethanes). Moreover, bromine incorporation into the emerging DBPs was, in general, similar to that of the tHMs. Epidemiology studies that show an association between adverse health effects and brominated tHMs may be due to the formation of brominated emerging DBPs of heath concern. Plants with higher free chlorine contact times before ammonia addition to form chloramines had less iodinated DBP formation in chloraminated distribution systems, where there was more oxidation of the iodide to iodate(a sink for the iodide) by the chlorine. this has been shown in many bench-scale studies(primarily for iodinated tHMs), but seldom in full-scale studies(where this study also showed the impact on total organic iodine. Collectively, the tHMs, haloacetic acids, and emerging DBPs accounted for a significant portion of the tOCl, tOBr, and tOI;however, ~50% of the tOCl and tOBr is still unknown. the correlation of the sum of detected DBPs with the tOCl and tOBr suggests that they can be used as reliable surrogates.

关键词： Disinfection by-products total organic bromine total organic iodine trihalomethanes Haloacetonitriles Haloacetaldehydes Iodo-trihalomethanes Iodoacetic acids

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基于有功功率小扰动分析的动态安全域求解

电力系统自动化 2006年第20期30卷 5-9,31页

作者：曾沅余贻鑫贾宏杰 Stephen t.lee Pei ZHANG 天津大学电气与自动化工程学院天津市300072 美国电力科学研究院

动态安全域(DSR)的暂态稳定边界可以近似表示为超平面,由此提出了一种DSR的快速求解方法。该方法分别对事故前系统的稳定运行点、事故中系统的故障轨迹和事故后系统的暂态稳定性进行有功功率的小扰动分析,然后依据整个暂态响应过程中状... 详细信息

动态安全域(DSR)的暂态稳定边界可以近似表示为超平面,由此提出了一种DSR的快速求解方法。该方法分别对事故前系统的稳定运行点、事故中系统的故障轨迹和事故后系统的暂态稳定性进行有功功率的小扰动分析,然后依据整个暂态响应过程中状态变量的连续性,将不同阶段的分析结果联系起来,最终推导出了超平面形式的DSR解析表达式。应用暂态能量函数分析给出了注入空间上的实用动态安全判据,以此来量化暂态稳定性指标,从而实现对事故后系统的有功功率小扰动分析。该方法的有效性在New England 10机39节点系统上得到了验证。

关键词：动态安全域有功功率小扰动分析暂态稳定性超平面

PGLYRP1 protein as a novel mediator of cellular dialogue in neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1993-1994页

作者： Anup Bhusal Won-Ha lee Kyoungho Suk Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program Department of Biomedical ScienceSchool of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea School of Life Sciences BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch GroupKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Brain Science and Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Neuroinflammation has been identified as a crucial element in several neurological disorders. Glial cells play a critical role in directing neuroinflammation, both in deleterious and beneficial ways.

关键词： inflammation considerably

Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Eun Jeong lee Su Bin Lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. these high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

Diagnosis,management and prevention of thrombotic complications in microsurgical breast reconstruction:a review of the literature

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 389-414页

作者： Amy Chen Shannon R.Garvey Asha Nanda Bernard t.lee Ryan P.Cauley Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA

Autologous free tissue transfer is a safe and effective option for breast *** is an increasingly utilized technique with well-demonstrated improved patient satisfaction and quality of *** thrombosis is a rare but significant complication of microsurgical breast reconstruction,often resulting in flap *** diagnosis and timely management of this complication are essential to free flap *** microvascular thrombosis poses a threat to flap survival,several methods may be employed to mitigate its more devastating ***,we present a comprehensive review of arterial and venous thrombotic complications in both the intraoperative and postoperative *** discuss preoperative risk assessment,methods for flap monitoring,and operative and medical management of thrombotic *** present an updated algorithm for the intraoperative management of microvascular thrombosis adapted to reflect the most recent literature and our novel algorithm for the postoperative management of microvascular thrombosis.

关键词： Breast microsurgery free flap monitoring free flap thrombosis free flap salvage

Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael J.lee Ryota L.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:the brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).the structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

tailoring Light–Matter Interactions in Overcoupled Resonator for Biomolecule Recognition and Detection

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 262-280页

作者： Dongxiao Li Hong Zhou Zhihao Ren Cheng Xu Chengkuo lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117608Singapore

Plasmonic nanoantennas provide unique opportunities for precise control of light–matter coupling in surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA)spectroscopy,but most of the resonant systems realized so far suffer from the obstacles of low sensitivity,narrow bandwidth,and asymmetric Fano resonance ***,we demonstrated an overcoupled resonator with a high plasmon-molecule coupling coefficient(μ)(OC-Hμresonator)by precisely controlling the radiation loss channel,the resonator-oscillator coupling channel,and the frequency detuning *** observed a strong dependence of the sensing performance on the coupling state,and demonstrated that OC-Hμresonator has excellent sensing properties of ultra-sensitive(7.25%nm^(−1)),ultra-broadband(3–10μm),and immune asymmetric Fano *** characteristics represent a breakthrough in SEIRA technology and lay the foundation for specific recognition of biomolecules,trace detection,and protein secondary structure analysis using a single array(array size is 100×100μm^(2)).In addition,with the assistance of machine learning,mixture classification,concentration prediction and spectral reconstruction were achieved with the highest accuracy of 100%.Finally,we demonstrated the potential of OC-Hμresonator for SARS-CoV-2 *** findings will promote the wider application of SEIRA technology,while providing new ideas for other enhanced spectroscopy technologies,quantum photonics and studying light–matter interactions.

关键词： Plasmonic nanoantennas Light-matter interaction Surface-enhanced infrared absorption Overcoupled Biosensing