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r.infor.ed tissue matr.x to str.ngthen the abdominal wall following r.ver.al of tempor.r. ostomies or.to tr.at incisional her.ias

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.intestinal Sur.er. 2024年第3期16卷 823-832页

作者： spencer P Lake Cor.y r.Deeken Amit K Agar.al Mechanical Engineer.ng&Mater.als Science Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130United States Covalent Bio LLCSt.LouisMO 63025United States Depar.ment of Sur.er. McGovern Medical School at UTHealthHoustonTX 77026United States

BACKGr.UND Abdominal wall deficiencies or.weakness ar. a common complication of tem-por.r. ostomies,and incisional her.ias fr.quently develop after.colostomy or.ileostomy *** use of synthetic meshes to r.infor.e the abdominal wall has r.duced her.ia *** meshes have also been used to enhance healing,par.icular.y in contaminated *** tissue matr.ces(r.TMs),which include a biologic scaffold of native extr.cellular.matr.x and a syn-thetic component for.added str.ngth/dur.bility,ar. designed to take advantage of aspects of both synthetic and biologic *** date,r.Ms have not been r.por.ed to r.infor.e the abdominal wall following stoma *** Twenty-eight patients wer. selected with a par.stomal and/or.incisional her.ia who had r.ceived a tempor.r. ileostomy or.colostomy for.fecal diver.ion after.r.ctal cancer.tr.atment or.*** her.ia r.pair.and pr.ximal stoma closur.,r.M(OviTex®1S per.anent or.OviTex®LPr.was placed to r.infor.e the abdominal wall using a lapar.scopic,r.botic,or.open sur.ical ***-oper.tive follow-up was per.or.ed at 1 month and 1 *** r.cur.ence was deter.ined by physical examination and,when necessar.,via computed tomo-gr.phy *** endpoints included length of hospital stay,time to r.tur. to wor.,and hospital *** complications of the wound/r.pair.site included pr.sence of sur.ical site infection,ser.ma,hematoma,wound dehiscence,or.fistula *** The obser.ational study cohor. included 16 male and 12 female patients with aver.ge age of 58.5 year.±16.3 year. and aver.ge body mass index of 26.2 kg/m^(2)±4.1 kg/m^(2).Patients pr.sented with a par.stomal her.ia(75.0%),in-cisional her.ia(14.3%),or.combined par.stomal/incisional her.ia(10.7%).Using a lapar.scopic(53.6%),r.botic(35.7%),or.open(10.7%)technique,r.Ms(OviTex®LPr.82.1%,OviTex®1S:17.9%)wer. placed using sublay(82.1%)or.intr.per.toneal onlay(IPOM;17.9%)mesh *** 1-mo

关键词： r.infor.ed tissue matr.x r.infor.ed for.stomach matr.x Ileostomy Colostomy Ostomy takedown Incisional her.ia Abdominal wall

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Compar.ng the Str.ctur.l Par.meter. of the Milky Way to Other.Spir.l Galaxies

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r.sear.h in Astr.nomy and Astr.physics 2024年第3期24卷 10-28页

作者： Jacob A.Guer.ette Aleksandr.V.Mosenkov Dallin spencer Zacor. D.Shakespear Depar.ment of Physics and Astr.nomyN283 ESCBr.gham Young Univer.ity ProvoUT 84602USA

The str.ctur.l par.meter. of a galaxy can be used to gain insight into its for.ation and evolution *** this paper.we str.ve to compar. the Milky Way’s str.ctur.l par.meter. to other.pr.mar.ly edge-on,spir.l galaxies in or.er.to deter.ine how our.Galaxy measur.s up to the Local *** our.compar.son,we use the galaxy str.ctur.l par.meter. gather.d fr.m a var.ety of liter.tur. sour.es in the optical and near.infr.r.d wave *** compar. the scale length,scale height,and disk flatness for.both the thin and thick disks,the thick-to-thin disk mass r.tio,the bulge-to-total luminosity r.tio,and the mean pitch angle of the Milky Way’s spir.l ar.s to those in other.*** conclude that many of the Milky Way’s str.ctur.l par.meter. ar. lar.ely or.inar. and typical of spir.l galaxies in the Local Univer.e,though the Galaxy’s thick disk appear. to be appr.ciably thinner.and less extended than expected fr.m zoom-in cosmological simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies with a significant contr.bution of galaxy mer.er. involving satellite galaxies.

关键词： Galaxy disk-galaxies fundamental par.meter.-Galaxy str.ctur.

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Deter.inants of Tobacco Cultivation and the Associated Impacts of Adoption in Hur.ngwe Distr.ct, Zimbabwe

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 505-531页

作者： spencer Sibanda Satoshi Tsuyuki Depar.ment of Infor.ation and Computer.Sciences Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan Depar.ment of Global Agr.cultur.l Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Tobacco is an essential cash cr.p in Zimbabwe and a str.tegic livelihood option for.hundr.ds of thousands of r.r.l households. However. the cr.p is linked to negative envir.nmental, economic, and social impacts. The existing studies on tobacco cultivation in Zimbabwe pr.sent contr.dictor. findings on the deter.inants and impacts of adoption, leaving unanswer.d questions about the cr.p’s sustainability impact in the countr.. This ar.icle investigates the deter.inants of smallholder.far.er.’ decisions to gr.w tobacco and the associated impacts of adoption. r.ndom and pur.osive sampling wer. used to select 273 household sur.eys, including tobacco and non-tobacco smallholder.far.er., and 56 exper. inter.iews to answer.the r.sear.h questions. We employed r.gr.ssion models alongside exper. inter.iews and document analysis to identify the deter.inants influencing the decision-making pr.cess of smallholder.far.er. in Zimbabwe r.gar.ing tobacco cultivation. Additionally, our.investigation aimed to elucidate the per.eived impacts associated with the adoption of this agr.cultur.l pr.ctice. The r.gr.ssion analysis indicated that the far.er.s age, education level, far.ing exper.ence, family size, household income, and per.eived high far. pr.fitability ar. significant dr.ver. of tobacco adoption. We also discover.d diver.ent and conver.ent per.eptions of the cr.tical impacts of tobacco cultivation. The study highlights the need for.pr.active multi-stakeholder.collabor.tion and sustainable financial ar.angements to addr.ss the negative impacts of tobacco pr.duction. As the pr.mar. stakeholder.r.sponsible for.r.gulating and pr.moting agr.cultur.l activities, the Zimbabwean gover.ment should pr.vide meaningful financial suppor., incr.ase access to cr.dit, and ensur. better.mar.et facilities for.alter.ative cr.ps to r.duce the over.dependence on tobacco.

关键词： Tobacco Cultivation Deter.inants of Adoption Sustainability Impacts Economic Livelihood Stakeholder.Per.eptions

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Par.icipator. For.st Management and Gender.Inclusiveness within the Community For.st Management Gr.ups of Bhutan

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Jour.al of Geoscience and Envir.nment Pr.tection 2024年第4期12卷 12-30页

作者： Nor.u Zangmo Takuya Hir.shima spencer Sibanda Jigme Dor.i Depar.ment of Global Agr.cultur.l Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan For.st Monitor.ng and Evaluation Section Forest Monitoring and Information Division Department of Forests and Park Services Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources Thimphu Bhutan Depar.ment of Infor.ation and Computer.Sciences Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan Pr.ject Management Unit Department of Tourism Thimphu Bhutan

Community for.st management gr.ups (CFMGs) in Bhutan exhibit par.icipator. for.st management pr.ctices that r.cognize the impor.ance of community’s collective par.icipation in the management of natur.l for.st r.sour.es. This appr.ach involves the community in the stewar.ship of designated for.st ar.as and r.sour.es to ensur. sustainable livelihoods and r.alization of for.st conser.ation objectives. The incr.ase of CFMGs in the countr. has been successful. However. r.sear.h on the extent of gender.inclusive par.icipation in CFMGs is either.insufficient or.missing vis-à-vis the allocation of decision-making power. Ther.for., this study analyzes the factor. influencing gender.par.icipation in CFMGs and their.integr.tion into decision-making pr.cesses. Pr.mar. data wer. collected fr.m 12 study sites spanning 4 r.gions, complemented by secondar. data fr.m the For.st Depar.ment. r.gr.ssion models wer. used to identify factor. significantly influencing CFMG member.par.icipation in decision-making. The empir.cal r.sults of this study r.veal that gender.is a significant factor.influencing par.icipation in CFMG decision-making. The study concludes that ther. is insufficient par.icipation of women member. in decision-making pr.cesses. Ther.for., consider.tion of gender.should be included in the development phase of the CFMG policy in addition to pr.moting awar.ness of inequity between gender.and the pr.motion of leader.hip r.les for.women in CFMGs.

关键词： Decision-Making Face-to-Face Inter.iew r.gr.ssion Analysis Women

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Navigating Long-Ter. Management Challenges in Shor. Bowel Syndr.me: A Case r.por. of Chr.nic Intestinal Failur. Complicated by Kidney Dysfunction

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Open Jour.al of Inter.al Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 175-180页

作者： Abr.amyan Fer.za Pr.sad Thajus Salk spencer Mahmood Khalid Inter.al Medicine Depar.ment Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville California USA Idaho College of Osteopathic Medicine Idaho USA

The most common cause of intestinal failur. is shor. bowel syndr.me (SBS), occur.ing as a r.sult of a small functional intestine length, usually less than 200 cm, leading to intestinal malabsor.tion. A 59-year.old female with a past medical histor. of Cr.hns disease status post total colectomy with ileostomy over.20 year. ago came to the hospital due to pr.gr.ssive weakness. Despite medical management, the patient had high ileostomy output, leading to electr.lyte disbalance, metabolic acidosis, dehydr.tion, and pr.gr.ssive kidney decline. Due to the high dependence on continuous fluid supplementation, it was decided to place a por. for.par.nter.l hydr.tion to maintain fluid r.placements and homeostasis after.dischar.e. Pr.mpt initiation of par.nter.l fluid r.placement and close follow-up on patients with ileostomy and intestinal failur. is str.ngly r.commended to avoid complications and pr.vent intestinal, liver. or.kidney tr.nsplants.

关键词： Cr.hn’s Disease Intestinal Failur. Shor. Bowel Syndr.me High Ileostomy Output TPN

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Anticancer.Effects of Cur.umin, Ar.emisinin, Genistein, and r.sver.tr.l, and Vitamin C: Fr.e Ver.us Liposomal For.s

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Advances in Biological Chemistr. 2017年第1期7卷 27-41页

作者： Jer.y T. Thor.thwaite Har. r. Shah spencer r. England Lee H. r.land Seth P. Thibado Thomas K. Ballar. Br.ndon T. Goodman Cancer.r.sear.h Institute of West Tennessee Henderson TN USA Union Univer.ity Depar.ment of Chemistr. Jackson TN USA Univer.ity of Tennessee Depar.ment of Biochemistr. Knoxville TN USA

Cancer.pr.vention supplements, which also pr.vide effective tr.atment with minimal side effects, ar. ur.ently needed. An accur.te, fast assay system is descr.bed that r.veals the ability of chemically defined pr.ducts, such as cur.umin, genistein, r.sver.tr.l, ar.emisinin, and vitamin C, to kill K562 Er.thr.leukemic cells in vitr.. In addition, cur.umin and vitamin C wer. encapsulated into fatty acid micelles named Nutr.NanoSpher.sTM (NNS) using all natur.l pr.ducts. A unique viability stain, which allows the r.pid staining of dead cells by membr.ne penetr.tion using Pr.pidium Iodide, was used to measur. the cell viability by flow cytometr.. Cell death by alter.tion of the cell membr.nes could be seen within 30 s of exposur. to cur.umin. The other.fr.e components r.quir.d 0.5 - 70 h to see maximum killing, suggesting a mor. metabolic and/or.apoptotic r.ute of cancer.cell destr.ction. Vitamin C up to 1 × 104 μmol/well did not affect K562 cell viability. The vitamin C-NNS (3.2 nm diameter.60 mg/50 μL) showed an LD50 = 133 μmol/well ± 11 SD (n = 4), which was over.75 times mor. potent than the fr.e vitamin C. The cur.umin-NNS (7.4 nm diameter.25 mg/50 μL) r.sulted in an LD50 = 41.3 μmol/well ± 5.6 SD (n = 8) and r.pr.sented a 264 fold incr.ase in activity to destr.y the cancer.cells. The clinical goal is to develop water.soluble mixtur.s of anti-cancer.compounds in the NNS with their.high bioavailability (>90%) and without degr.dation in the stomach for.pr.venting and cur.ng cancer.

关键词： Cur.umin Ar.emisinin Cancer Micelle Natur.l

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《谁动了我的奶酪?》(节选)

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疯狂英语（新读写） 2024年第2期 51-53,77页

作者： spencer Johnson 不详

作者:斯宾塞·约翰逊(spencer Johnson,1940—2017),是南加州大学心理学学士、皇家外科医学院医学博士,曾是哈佛医学院和梅奥诊所的实习医生。他是全球知名的思想先锋、演说家和畅销书作家,他的许多观点,使成千上万的人发现了生活中的... 详细信息

作者:斯宾塞·约翰逊(spencer Johnson,1940—2017),是南加州大学心理学学士、皇家外科医学院医学博士,曾是哈佛医学院和梅奥诊所的实习医生。他是全球知名的思想先锋、演说家和畅销书作家,他的许多观点,使成千上万的人发现了生活中的简单真理,使人们的生活更健康、更成功、更轻松。面对复杂的问题提出简单有效的解决办法,在这方面,他被认为是最好的专家,他是许多畅销书的著作者或合著者。目前斯宾塞·约翰逊的书已被翻译成多种语言。

关键词：畅销书作家哈佛医学院南加州大学实习医生梅奥诊所合著者斯宾塞演说家

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Associations between health-r.lated fitness and patient-r.por.ed symptoms in newly diagnosed br.ast cancer.patients

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Jour.al of Spor. and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 851-862页

作者： Ki-Yong An Fer.anda Z.Ar.huso Myr.am Filion spencer J.Allen Stephanie M.Ntoukas Gor.on J.Bell Jessica McNeil Qinggang Wang Mar.ar.t L.McNeely Jeff K.Vallance Lin Yang S.Nicole Culos-r.ed Leanne Dickau John r.Mackey Chr.stine M.Fr.edenr.ich Ker.y S.Cour.eya Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Depar.ment of Kinesiology School of Health and Human SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27412USA Depar.ment of Cancer.Epidemiology and Pr.vention r.sear.h Cancer Care AlbertaAlberta Health ServicesCalgary T2S 3C3Canada Faculty of r.habilitation Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Faculty of Health Disciplines Athabasca UniversityAthabasca T9S 3A3Canada Depar.ment of Oncology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 4N1Canada Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of Medicine and Dentistr. University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada

Backgr.und:Newly diagnosed br.ast cancer.patients exper.ence symptoms that may affect their.quality of life,tr.atment outcomes,and *** and managing br.ast cancer.r.lated symptoms soon after.diagnosis is *** pur.ose of this study was to investigate the associations between health-r.lated fitness(Hr.)and patient-r.por.ed symptoms in newly diagnosed br.ast cancer.***:This study utilized baseline data fr.m the Alber.a Moving Beyond Br.ast Cancer.Cohor. Study that wer. collected within 90 days of *** measur.s included peak car.iopulmonar. fitness(peak volume of oxygen consumption(VO_(2peak))),maximal muscular.str.ngth and endur.nce,flexibility,and body *** measur.s included depr.ssion,sleep quality,and *** multivar.able logistic r.gr.ssion was per.or.ed for.***:Of 1458 par.icipants,51.5%r.por.ed poor.sleep quality,26.5%r.por.ed significant fatigue,and 10.4%r.por.ed moder.te *** multivar.able-adjusted models,lower.r.lative VO_(2peak)was independently associated with a gr.ater.likelihood of all symptom measur.s,including moder.te depr.ssion(pr.sleep quality(p=0.009),significant fatigue(p=0.008),any symptom(pr.ted thr.shold associations with all symptom measur.s such that all 3 lower.quar.iles exhibited similar.elevated r.sk compar.d to the highest *** str.ngth of the thr.shold associations var.ed by the symptom measur. with odds r.tios r.nging fr.m-1.5 for.poor.sleep quality to-3.0 for.moder.te depr.ssion and multiple ***,lower.r.lative upper.body muscular.endur.nce was also independently associated with fatigue in a dose-r.sponse manner.p=0.001),and higher.body weight was independently associated with poor.sleep quality in an inver.ed U patter.(p=0.021).Conclusion:r.lative VO_(2peak)appear. to be a cr.tical Hr. component associated with multiple patient-r.por.ed symptoms in newly diag

关键词： Br.ast cancer Fatigue Depr.ssion Sleep quality Car.ior.spir.tor. fitness

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Fr.m the editor.

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Ear.hquake Engineer.ng and Engineer.ng Vibr.tion 2024年第2期23卷 I0002-I0002页

作者： Qi Xiaozhai Geor.e C.Lee Billie F.spencer IEM UB UIUC

Dear.Member. of the Editor.al Boar., Contr.butor. and Fr.ends of the jour.al,This issue of Ear.hquake Engineer.ng and Engineer.ng Vibr.tion(Vol. 23, No. 2) includes five paper. in a special section entitled “Wave-Based Nondestr.ctive Testing and Evaluation Methods in Civil Engineer.ng”. The special section aims to pr.sent r.cent developments and applications of wave-based nondestr.ctive testing and evaluation r.sear.h. We thank the guest editor., Pr.f. Nenad Gucunski of r.tger. Univer.ity, USA, Pr.f. Lin Shibin of Jianghan Univer.ity, China and Pr.f. Chen Hongbing, Univer.ity of Science and Technology Beijing, China, for.their.har. wor. and dedication.

关键词： Ear.hquake jour.al section

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Impor.ance of per.phytic biofilms for.car.on cycling in paddy fields:A r.view

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Pedospher. 2024年第1期34卷 36-43页

作者： Lei ZHOU Yonghong WU Junzhuo LIU Pengfei SUN Ying XU Jan DOLFING r.ber. GMspencer Er.k JEPPESEN State Key Labor.tor. of Soil and Sustainable Agr.cultur. Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Thr.e Gor.es r.ser.oir.Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China College of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of Ener.y and Envir.nment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18QHUK Depar.ment of Ear.h Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee FL 32306USA Depar.ment of Ecoscience&Centr. for.Water.Technology(WATEC) Aarhus UniversityAarhus DK-8000Denmark Sino-Danish Centr. for.Education and r.sear.h Beijing 100049China Limnology Labor.tor. Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM)Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkiye Institute of Mar.ne Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersin 33731Turkiye

Paddy fields play an impor.ant r.le in global car.on(C) cycling and ar. an impor.ant sour.e of methane(CH_(4)) emissions. Insights into the pr.cesses influencing the dynamics of soil or.anic C(SOC) in paddy fields ar. essential for.maintaining global soil C stocks and mitigating climate change. Per.phytic biofilms composed of micr.algae, bacter.a, and other.micr.or.anisms ar. ubiquitous in paddy fields, wher. they dir.ctly mediate the tr.nsfer.of elements at the soil-water.inter.ace. However. their.contr.butions to C tur.over.and exchange have been lar.ely neglected. Per.phytic biofilms affect and par.icipate in soil C dynamics by alter.ng both abiotic(e.g., pH and r.dox potential) and biotic conditions(e.g., micr.bial community composition and metabolism). This r.view summar.zes the contr.butions of per.phytic biofilms to soil C cycling pr.cesses, including car.on dioxide fixation, SOC miner.lization, and CH_(4) emissions. Futur. r.sear.h should be focused on: i) the mechanisms under.ying per.phytic biofilm-induced C fixation and tur.over.and ii) quantifying the contr.butions of per.phytic biofilms to soil C uptake, stabilization, and sequestr.tion in paddy fields.

关键词： car.on fixation car.on miner.lization car.on sequestr.tion methane emission micr.bial aggr.gates soil or.anic car.on

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