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Surgical solutions to the problem of massive weight loss

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第41期12卷 6602-6607页

作者： Jason A spector Steven M Levine Nolan S Karp Division of Plastic Surgery Weill Medicine College of Cornell University New YorkNY 10021United States Institute of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery Division of Plastic SurgeryNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States

In response to the global rise in obesity, bariatric surgery has become increasingly more popular and successful As a result, the demand for body contouring following massive weight loss is rapidly growing. Although bariatric procedures may produce impressive weight loss, people who achieve massive weight loss are often unhappy with the hanging folds of skin and subcutaneous tissue that remain. This review examines the nature of the post-bariatric deformity in each body region and briefly reviews common approaches to their treatment.

关键词： Weight loss Bariatric surgery Body contour surgery

Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Education： Big Promises -Bigger Challenges

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学术界 2017年第4期 257-265页

作者： Jonathan Michael spector Du Jing University of North Texas USA Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875

The history of educational technology in the last 50 years contains few instances of dramatic improvements in learning based on the adoption of a particular *** example involving artificial intelligence occurred in the 1990s with the development of intelligent tutoring systems( ITSs). What happened with ITSs was that their success was limited to well-defined and relatively simple declarative and procedural learning tasks(e. g.,learning how to write a recursive function in LISP; doing multi-column addition),and improvements that were observed tended to be more limited than promised(e. g.,one standard deviation improvement at best rather than the promised standard deviation improvement).Still,there was some progress in terms of how to conceptualize learning. A seldom documented limitation was the notion of only viewing learning from only content and cognitive perspectives( i. e.,in terms of memory limitations,prior knowledge,bug libraries,learning hierarchies and sequences etc.). Little attention was paid to education conceived more broadly than developing specific cognitive skills with highly constrained problems. New technologies offer the potential to create dynamic and multi-dimensional models of a particular learner,and to track large data sets of learning activities,resources,interventions,and outcomes over a great many learners. Using those data to personalize learning for a particular learner developing knowledge,competence and understanding in a specific domain of inquiry is finally a real possibility. While the potential to make significant progress is clearly possible,the reality is less not so promising. There are many as yet unmet challenging some of which will be mentioned in this paper. A persistent worry is that educational technologists and computer scientists will again promise too much,too soon at too little cost and with too little effort and attention to the realities in schools and universities.

关键词：智能教学系统认知技能教育技术人员中国

Scaffolds for central nervous system tissue engineering

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2012年第1期6卷 1-25页

作者： Jin HE Xiu-Mei WANG Myron spector Fu-Zhai CUI Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biomimetic Materials State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Orthopedic Research Laboratory Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Traumatic injuries to the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system （CNS） lead to severe and permanent neurological deficits and to date there is no universally accepted treatment. Owing to the profound impact, extensive studies have been carried out aiming at reducing inflammatory responses and overcoming the inhibitory environment in the CNS after injury so as to enhance regeneration. Artificial scaffolds may provide a suitable environment for axonal regeneration and functional recovery, and are of particular importance in cases in which the injury has resulted in a cavitary defect. In this review we discuss development of scaffolds for CNS tissue engineering, focusing on mechanism of CNS injuries, various biomaterials that have been used in studies, and current strategies for designing and fabricating scaffolds.

关键词： central nervous system (CNS) tissue engineering scaffold hydrogel

Disparities in chiropractic utilization by race,ethnicity and socioeconomic status:A scoping review of the literature

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第2期21卷 159-167页

作者： Jordan A.Gliedt Antoinette L.spector Michael J.Schneider Joni Williams Staci Young Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWI 53201USA Department of Physical Therapy University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15219USA Clinical and Translational Science Institute University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Medicine Division of Internal MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Family and Community Medicine Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA

Background Chiropractic is the largest complementary and alternative medicine profession in the United States,with increasing global growth.A preliminary literature review suggests a lack of widespread diversity of chiropractic patient *** There have been no prior studies to comprehensively integrate the literature on chiropractic utilization rates by race,ethnicity,and socioeconomic *** purpose of this scoping review is to identify and describe the current state of knowledge of chiropractic utilization by race,ethnicity,education level,employment status,and income and poverty *** strategy Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed,Ovid MEDLINE,Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL),Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,and Index to Chiropractic Literature from inception to May *** criteria Articles that reported race or ethnicity,education level,employment status,income or poverty level variables and chiropractic utilization rates for adults(≥18 years of age)were eligible for this *** extraction and analysis Data extracted from articles were citation information,patient characteristics,race and ethnicity,education level,employment status,income and poverty level,and chiropractic utilization rate.A descriptive numerical summary of included studies is *** study provides a qualitative thematic narrative of chiropractic utilization with attention to race and ethnicity,education level,income and poverty level,and employment *** A total of 69 articles were eligible for *** articles were published since 2003 and reported data from study populations in the United *** the race,ethnicity and socioeconomic categories that were most commonly reported,chiropractic utilization was the highest for individuals identifying as European American/White/non-Hispanic White/Caucasian(median 20.00%;interquartile range 2.70%-64.60%),those with employment as a main income sourc

关键词： Chiropractic Utilization Health inequities Health disparities Low-back pain Neck pain

Our Mysterious Pasenger

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大学英语 1996年第10期 25-33页

作者：ＩｒａＳｐｅｃｔｏｒ

ＯｕｒＭｙｓｔｅｒｉｏｕｓＰａｓｅｎｇｅｒＩｒａＳｐｅｃｔｏｒＴｈｅｍｉｄｄａｙ１ｓｕｎｂｅａｔｄｏｗｎ２ｏｎｍｙｗｉｆｅＢａｒｂａｒａａｎｄｍｅａｓｗｅｗａｌｋｅｄａｃｒｏｓｔｈｅｔａｒｍａｃ３ｔｏｔｈｅｔｅｒ... 详细信息

ＯｕｒＭｙｓｔｅｒｉｏｕｓＰａｓｅｎｇｅｒＩｒａＳｐｅｃｔｏｒＴｈｅｍｉｄｄａｙ１ｓｕｎｂｅａｔｄｏｗｎ２ｏｎｍｙｗｉｆｅＢａｒｂａｒａａｎｄｍｅａｓｗｅｗａｌｋｅｄａｃｒｏｓｔｈｅｔａｒｍａｃ３ｔｏｔｈｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｌ４ａｔＬｏｒｅｔｏＩｎｔ...

关键词：巴巴拉目视飞行洛雷托 Our Pasenger Mysterious 巴拿马帽指挥官墨西卡利

Collagen-GAG Scaffolds Grafted Onto Myocardial Infarcts in a Rat Model:A Delivery Vehicle for Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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生物医学工程学杂志 2005年第S1期22卷 175-176页

作者： Z.XIANG R.LIAO M.KELLY M.spector Department of Orthopaedic Surgery West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Tissue Engineering VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston CampusBostonMAUSA Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Boston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMAUSA

1 IntroductionThe objective of the present study was to investigate the response of rat myocardial scar tissue to type Ⅰ collagen-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) tissue engineering scaffolds, and to assess the feasibility of using a collagenGAG scaffold as a delivery vehicle for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The benefits of employing the collagen-GAG scaffold for this application include the following: (1) the large surface area of the three-dimensional sponge-like material allows for the delivery of a high cell density to the infarct site; (2) the scaffold allows for the localization and retention of the cells at the site of implantation; (3) the tissue response to the scaffold may promote angiogenesis at the implant site.

关键词： Collagen scaffold collagen sponge infarct implantation BrdU retention appearance chondroitin

Changing the paradigm：the potential for targeted therapy in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第1期13卷 87-100页

作者： Megan L.Ludwig Andrew C.Birkeland Rebecca Hoesli Paul Swiecicki Matthew E.spector J.Chad Brenner Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48109USA Cellular and Molecular Biology Program University of MichiqanAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Hematology Oncology University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48109USA Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) remains a highly morbid and fatal disease. Historically, it has been a model example for organ preservation and treatment stratification paradigms. Unfortunately, survival for LSCC has stagnated over the past few decades. As the era of next-generation sequencing and personalized treatment for cancer approaches, LSCC may be an ideal disease for consideration of further treatment stratification and personalization. Here, we will discuss the important history of LSCC as a model system for organ preservation, unique and potentially targetable genetic signatures of LSCC, and methods for bringing stratified, personalized treatment strategies to the 21^(st) century.

关键词： Head and neck cancer laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma genetics targeted therapy personalized medicine

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神经免疫调节的研究在起飞

中国免疫学杂志 1991年第2期7卷 128-128,F003页

作者： Novera Herbert spector 刘代岚

神经免疫调节指的是神经、内分泌和免疫系统之间的相互作用,它是目前生物医学中发展最快、最令人兴奋的领域。在国际神经免疫调节学会主持召开的第一次国际大会上(1990年5月23—26日,意大利佛罗伦萨),涉及到了广泛的课题。

关键词：神经免疫调节免疫应答

Four amino acids guide the assembly or disassembly of Arabidopsis histone H3.3-containing nucleosomes

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Four amino acids guide the assembly or disassembly of Arabid...