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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.d.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur d.singappuli d.Molloy d.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda d.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.McNamee M.La Cognata s.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.de Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone d.Margarone L.Giuffrida d.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe d.Giulietti s.Agarwal M.Krupka s.singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Puls.d.s(clpu) VillamayorSpain Univers.d.d de salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia school of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETsIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compress.d.to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focus.d.to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focus.d.on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly bas.d.on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently us.d.in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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The CCd instrument background of the sMILE sXI

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 15-24页

作者： M.W.J.Hubbard O.Hetherington d.J.Hall T.W.Buggey s.Parsons T.Arnold A.Holland C.Pagani s.sembay Centre for Electronic Imaging The Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLE17RHUK

The EsA and CAs sMILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation *** soft X-ray Imager(sXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is *** shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen ***,two radiation environments can be approximated bas.d.on the shutter door position:open and *** instrument background for the CCds(Charge-Coupled devices)that form the focal plane array of the sXI were evaluated for the two *** to the correlation of the space environment with the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background was also evaluated at these two *** results.d.monstrated that the highest instrument background will occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic Rays(GCRs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar minima and that the clos.d.background was highest during solar *** is.d.e to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs between the two solar extremes.

关键词： instrument background X-ray astronomy space radiation

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Characterization of early maturing elite genotypes bas.d.on MTsI and MGIdI indexes:an illustration in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期7卷 253-265页

作者： d s RAJ supritha PATIL Rajesh s. PATIL Bhuvaneshwara R. NAYAK spurthi N. PAWAR Kasu N. department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India Agricultural Research station Dharwad 580005India department of Biotechnology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India department of Crop Physiology College of AgricultureUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwad 580005India

Background Globally,the cultivation of cotton is constrained by its tendency for extended periods of *** maturity plays a potential role in rainfed-bas.d.multiple cropping system especially in the current era of climate *** the current study,a set of 20 diverse Gossypium hirsutum genotypes were evaluated in two crop seasons with three planting densities and assess.d.for 11 morphological traits related to early *** study aimed to identify genotype(s)that mature rapidly and accomplish well under diverse environmental conditions bas.d.on the two robust multivariate techniques called multi-trait stability index(MTsI)and multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index(MGIdI).Results MTsI analysis revealed that out of the 20 genotypes,three genotypes,viz.,NNdC-30,A-2,and s-32 accomplished well in terms of early maturity traits in two ***,three genotypes were selected using MGIdI method for each planting densities with a selection intensity of 15%.The strengths and weaknesses of the genotypes selected bas.d.on MGIdI method highlighted that the breeders could focus on developing early-maturing genotypes with specific traits such as.d.ys to first flower and boll *** selected genotypes exhibited positive genetic gains for traits related to earliness and a successful harvest during the first and second ***,there were negative gains for traits related to flowering and boll *** The study identified three genotypes exhibiting early maturity and accomplished well under different planting *** multivariate methods(MTsI and MGIdI)serve as novel approaches for selecting desired genotypes in plant breeding programs,especially across various growing *** methods offer exclusive benefits and can easily construe and minimize multicollinearity issues.

关键词： Cotton MTsI MGIdI Genotype environment interaction Early maturity Multi-trait Multi-environment

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Tilted global solar irradiance in Bahrain: an experimental study

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Vasilikos, N. Georgantopoulou, C. Alajaimi, H. Almajed, s. H. Ahmed, M. Mathioulakis, d. Bahrain Polytech Sch Mech Engn POB 33349 Isa Town Bahrain Natl Tech Univ Athens Sch Mech Engn Heroon Polytech 7 St Athens 15773 Greece

In the present work, tilted global solar irradiance data are presented and analys.d. measured for a period of 1 year on the campus of Bahrain Polytechnic, Kingdom of Bahrain, from both a fixed photovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. The fixed panel faces south with an angle of 26 degrees with respect to the horizontal, coinciding with the local geographical latitude. The second panel is moved by two motors, controlled by a global positioning system and suitable software so that the sun's rays are perpendicular to the panel surface. A pyranometer is installed on each panel, recording the tilted global solar irradiance, stored by using a data logger. The analysis of the data obtained shows a 33% solar energy gain on an annual basis for the moving panel (2780 versus 2088 kWh/m2 on the fixed panel). More importantly, in June, when the energy demand in Bahrain is elevated due to the increas.d.res.d.ntial cooling loads, the solar energy received by the moving panel is 54.7% higher compared with that of the fixed panel. On a percentage basis, the increase in solar energy from the moving panel is profound in the early morning and late evening hours. Moreover, the reduction in the solar energy received by the fixed panel from May to June does not appear in the moving panel because of the adjustable orientation of the latter. Throughout the year, the mean daily solar power varies between 0.37 and 0.56 kW/m2 for the fixed panel, and 0.45 and 0.70 kW/m2 for the moving panel. In winter, solar energy fluctuations are elevated due to erratic weather conditions that present a peak standard deviation of 28% of the corresponding mean. The data presented are useful for potential solar investments in Gulf countries. Tilted global solar irradiance data are measured and analys.d.for a period of 1 year on the campus of Bahrain Polytechnic, Kingdom of Bahrain, from both a fixed photovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. Graphical Abstract

关键词： tilted solar irradiance renewable energy solar tracking photovoltaic Gulf Cooperation Council Countries sUN TRACKING ENERGY sYsTEMs PANELs WORLd

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Big Model strategy for Bridge structural Health Monitoring Bas.d.on data-driven, Adaptive Method and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Group

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structural durability & Health Monitoring 2024年第6期18卷 763-783页

作者： Yadong Xu Weixing Hong Mohammad Noori Wael A.Altabey Ahmed silik Nabeel s.d.Farhan Nanjing Highway development Center Changzhou211106China Nanjing Zhixing Information Technology Co. Ltd.Nanjing210000China department of Mechanical Engineering California Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCA 93405USA department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21544Egypt department of Civil Engineering Nyala UniversityP.O.Box 155NyalaSudan school of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

This study introduces an innovative“Big Model”strategy to enhance Bridge structural Health Monitoring(sHM)using a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),time-frequency analysis,and fine element *** ensemble methods,collaborative learning,and distributed computing,the approach effectively manages the complexity and scale of large-scale bridge *** CNN employs transfer learning,fine-tuning,and continuous monitoring to optimize models for adaptive and accurate structural health assessments,focusing on extracting meaningful features through time-frequency *** integrating Finite Element Analysis,time-frequency analysis,and CNNs,the strategy provides a comprehensive understanding of bridge *** diverse sensor data,sophisticated feature extraction,and advanced CNN architecture,the model is optimized through rigorous preprocessing and hyperparameter *** approach significantly enhances the ability to make accurate predictions,monitor structural health,and support proactive maintenance practices,thereby ensuring the safety and longevity of critical infrastructure.

关键词： structural Health Monitoring(sHM) bridges big model Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) Finite Element Method(FEM)

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does community-bas.d.health insurance affect lifestyle and timing of treatment seeking behavior?Evidence from Ethiopia

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Global Health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 83-90页

作者： Zecharias Fetene Anteneh Anagaw d.Mebratie Zemzem shigute Getnet Alemu Arjun s.Bedi Center for Health Economics University of YorkYorkUnited Kingdom school of Public Health College of Health SciencesAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia International Institute of social studies Erasmus University Rotterdamthe Haguethe Netherlands Institute of development and Policy Research Addis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia

Objectives This paper aims to investigate the effects of enrollment in the Ethiopian community-bas.d.health insurance(CBHI)scheme on household preventive care activities and the timing of treatment-seeking behavior for illness *** is growing concern about the financial sustainability of CBHI schemes in developing ***,few empirical studies have identified potential contributors,including ex-ante and ex-post moral *** We implement a household fixed-effect panel data regression model,drawing on three rounds of household survey data collected face to face in districts where CBHI scheme is operational and in districts where it is not operational in *** The findings show that enrolment in CBHI does not significantly influence household behaviour regarding preventive care activities such as water treatment before drinking and handwashing before ***,CBHI significantly increases.d.lay in treatment-seeking behaviour for diseases ***,on average,we estimate about 4-6 h delay for malaria symptoms,a little above 4 h for tetanus,and 10-11 h for tuberculosis among the insured *** While there is evidence that CBHI improve the utilization of outpatient or primary care services,our study suggests that insured members may wait longer before visiting health *** delay could be partly due to moral hazard problems,as insured households,particularly those from rural areas,may cons.d.r the opportunity costs associated with visiting health facilities for minor ***,it is essential to identify the primary causes of delays in seeking medical services and implement appropriate interventions to encourage insured individuals to seek early medical attention.

关键词： Community-bas.d.health insurance Financial sustainability Preventive care Treatment-seeking behavior Household fixed effect Ethiopia

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Localized-states quantum confinement induced by roughness in CdMnTe/CdTe heterostructures grown on si(111) substrates

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Journal of semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 28-35页

作者： Leonarde N.Rodrigues Wesley F.Inoch Marcos L.F.Gomes Odilon d.d.Couto Jr. Bráulio s.Archanjo sukarno O.Ferreira Physics.d.partment Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Minas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin Universidade Estadual de CampinasCampinas13083-859São PauloBrazil National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology(Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division(DIMAT)Xerém2525-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil

This work shows that despite a lattice mismatch of almost 20%, CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructures grown directly on si(111) have surprisingly good optical emission properties. The investigated structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy, macro-and micro-photoluminescence. Low temperature macro-photoluminescence experiments indicate three emission bands which depend on the CdTe layer thickness and have different confinement characteristics. Temperature measurements reveal that the lower energy emission band (at 1.48 eV)is associated to defects and bound exciton states, while the main emission at 1.61 eV has a weak 2d character and the higher energy one at 1.71 eV has a well-defined (zero-dimensional, 0d) 0d nature. Micro-photoluminescence measurements show the existence of sharp and strongly circularly polarized (up to 40%) emission lines which can be related to the presence of Mn in the heterostructure. This result opens the possibility of producing photon sources with the typical spin control of the diluted magnetic semiconductors using the low-cost silicon technology.

关键词： CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructure CdTe/CdMnTe quantum emitters quantum dot-like emission silicon(111)substrate

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Fuzzy difference Equations in diagnoses of Glaucoma from Retinal Images Using deep Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 801-816页

作者： d.dorathy Prema Kavitha L.Francis Raj sandeep Kautish Abdulaziz s.Almazyad Karam M.sallam Ali Wagdy Mohamed department of Mathematics Voorhees CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Chandigarh Group of Colleges JhanjeriMohaliPunjabIndia department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of science and Technology School of IT and SystemsUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia Operations Research department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

The intuitive fuzzy set has found important application in decision-making and machine *** enrich and utilize the intuitive fuzzy set,this study designed and developed a deep neural network-bas.d.glaucoma eye detection using fuzzy difference equations in the domain where the retinal images *** image detections are categorized as normal eye recognition,suspected glaucomatous eye recognition,and glaucomatous eye *** degrees associated with weighted values are calculated to determine the level of concentration between the fuzzy partition and the retinal *** propos.d.model was us.d.to diagnose glaucoma using retinal images and involved utilizing the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and deep learning to identify the fuzzy weighted regularization between *** methodology was us.d.to clarify the input images and make them adequate for the process of glaucoma *** objective of this study was to propose a novel approach to the early diagnosis of glaucoma using the Fuzzy Expert system(FEs)and Fuzzy differential equation(FdE).The intensities of the different regions in the images and their respective peak levels were *** the peak regions were identified,the recurrence relationships among those peaks were then *** partitioning was.d.ne due to varying degrees of similar and dissimilar concentrations in the *** and dissimilar concentration levels and spatial frequency generated a threshold image from the combined fuzzy matrix and *** distinguished between a normal and abnormal eye condition,thus.d.tecting patients with glaucomatous eyes.

关键词： Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) glaucomatous eyes fuzzy difference equation intuitive fuzzy sets image segmentation retinal images

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Effect of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles on bioactivity,composition,structure,in vitro and in vivo behavior of PEO coatings on Mg-alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2360-2379页

作者： d.V.Mashtalyar I.M.Imshinetskiy V.V.Kashepa K.V.Nadaraia M.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova K.A.Fomenko A.Yu.Ustinov s.L.sinebryukhov s.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok690950Russia Regional Clinical dermatovenerological dispensary Vladivostok690033Russia

The present study investigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behavior in vitro and in vivo,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on MA8 magnesium *** obtained coatings.d.monstrate in vivo biocompatibility and in vitro *** to the base PEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the development of apatite in simulated body fluid,suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles improves bioactivity of the *** was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the formed layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the PEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in *** on in vivo studies,these coatings also provide favorable tissue response and minimal inflammatory reaction in comparison with the bare magnesium alloy due to protection of living tissues from deleterious corrosion events of magnesium implant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen *** results obtained in the present study concluded biocompatibility,tissue integration of the PEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles making them a promising protective layer for biodegradable magnesium implants.

关键词： Plasma electrolytic oxidation Bioactive coatings Tantalum pentoxide simulated body fluid(sBF) Apatite formation Histology

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Effects of low molecular weight polysaccharide from sargassum thunbergii against palmitic acid-induced intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte and HepG2 cells

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Food science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2244-2252页

作者： Hyo-Geun Lee d.P.Nagahawatta M.J.M.s.Kurera Kyung-Mo song Yun-sang Choi You-Jin Jeon Min-Cheol Kang department of Marine Life sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea department of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation ManagementWayamba University of Sri LankaMakanduraGonawila(NWP)60170Sri Lanka Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research Institute245Wanju 55365Republic of Korea

Low molecular weight polysaccharides can be isolated from sargassum thunbergii(LMPsT)and in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects on *** natures of LMPsT were attained from *** and apprais.d.their LMPsT on palmitic acid(PA)induced lipid accretion in Hep G2,and 3T3-L1 *** treatment lessened lipid deposition and intracellular free fatty acid and triglyceride intensities in PA-treated above mentioned *** mechanistic study publicized that LMPsT2 significantly suppress.d.adipogenesis and stimulated the PA-treated 3T3-L1 cells occupied in the lipolysis ***,in PA-treated Hep G2 cells,the free fatty acid oxidation was significantly increas.d.by *** these constructive properties of LMPsT2 from ***,is a potential candidate for diminishing the intracellular lipids,and for a therapeutic agent in those conditions.

关键词： sargassum thunbergii Low molecular weight polysaccharide Lipid accumulation Obesity Liver steatosis

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