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^(14)C measurement of forest soils in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第3期44卷 251-256页

作者： SHEN Chengde , LIU Dongsheng (LIU Tungsheng) , PENG Shaolin, SUN Yanmin , JIANG Mantao , Yl Weixi , XING Changping , GAO Quanzhou , LI Zhi’an and ZHOU Guoyi guangzhou institute of Geochemisry, chinese academy of sciences, guangzhou 510640, china institute of Geology, chinese academy of sciences , Beijing 100029, china south china institute of botany, chinese academy of sciences, guangzhou 510650, china Guannzhou institute of Geochemisry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guanazhou China institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China south china institute of botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

Organic carbon in forest soils of Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles can be divided into fast and slow components. Δ14C values of these profiles decrease with increasing of depth. The Δ14C values in 30—40 cm depth interval of Wukesong profile are decreasing sharply until a very low value,showing that a strong geological environment change occurred about 1 560 years ago. The 14C apparent ages of Wukesong profile show that the coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests around Wukesong profile have been developing since 425 a BP, which is consistent with historical documents. The penetrating depths of "bomb 14C" in Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles are 10 and 20 cm, respectively.

关键词： Dinghushan forest soil 14C tracing 14C apparent age.

High-nitrogen and low-irradiance can restrict energy utilization in photosynthesis of successional tree species in low subtropical forest

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Science china(Life sciences) 2008年第7期51卷 592-603页

作者： CAI Xi’An,SUN GuChou,ZHAO Ping &LIU XiaoJing south china institute of botany,chinese academy of sciences,guangzhou 510650,china south china institute of botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

Responses of photosynthesis and the partition of energy utilization to high-nitrogen importation and high-light intensity in leaves of three dominant tree species of subtropical forest,including sun plant or early-successional species Schima superba,mesophyte or intermediate-successional species Canstanopsis hystrix,and shading-tolerant plant or late-successional species Cryptocarya concinna were studied by using the CO2 exchange system and chlorophyll fluorescence *** results showed that,regardless of plant species,net photosynthetic rate(Pn)was higher in high-nitrogen supply and high irradiance(HNHL)plants than in low-nitrogen supply and high irradiance(LNHL)plants,implying that low-nitrogen importation would limit Pn of plants grown under high ***, high-nitrogen supply and low irradiance(HNLL)plants had a lower *** change of quantum yield(Fv′/Fm′)in opened PS II was found in leaves of HNHL,LNHL or HNLL plants of *** and C. hystrix,while a higher Fv′/Fm′occurred in HNHL plants of *** in comparison with LNHL or HNLL *** HNHL plants of *** also had a higher photochemical quantum yield(△F/Fm′) than LNHL or HNLL plants,however no similar responses were found in plants of *** and C. hystrix(P0.05)and it was significantly higher than in HNLL plants(P<0.05).*** also had a similar response inφ PSII to nitrogen supply and *** of species HNLL plants had a significantφ PSII and higher heat dissipation in light,and this effect was more severe in *** than in *** or *** results may mean that high-nitrogen importation by nitrogen deposit and low irradiance caused by changing climate or air pollution would more severely restrict photosynthetic processes in the late-succ

关键词： low subtropical forest successional plant high nitrogen concentration partition of photosynthetic energy

拟南芥叶黄素缺失突变体叶绿素荧光猝灭的特性

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生物化学与生物物理进展 2003年第2期30卷 251-256页

作者：彭长连林桂珠中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650

研究了 3个叶黄素组分缺失的拟南芥核基因突变体 ,npq1(缺乏玉米黄质Z和单环氧玉米黄质A)、lut2(缺乏lutein)和lut2 npq1(双突变体 ,同时缺Z和lutein) ,及其对照野生型 (WT)在强光诱导下叶绿素荧光猝灭的特性 .与WT相比 ,3个突变体的... 详细信息

研究了 3个叶黄素组分缺失的拟南芥核基因突变体 ,npq1(缺乏玉米黄质Z和单环氧玉米黄质A)、lut2(缺乏lutein)和lut2 npq1(双突变体 ,同时缺Z和lutein) ,及其对照野生型 (WT)在强光诱导下叶绿素荧光猝灭的特性 .与WT相比 ,3个突变体的叶绿素a/b没有明显的差异 ,Fv/Fm 则有不同幅度的增加 ,缺乏lutein的突变体lut2 和lut2 npq1的叶黄素循环库 (V +A +Z)显著增大 .缺乏Z的突变体npq1和lut2 npq1在强光下 ,荧光的非光化学猝灭 (NPQ)的诱导受到明显抑制 ,lut2 的NPQ形成也受到部分抑制 .强光处理 9min后 ,3个突变体和WT的NPQ大小顺序为WT >lut2 >npq1>npq1 lut2 .强光诱导过程中突变体的光化学猝灭 (qP)都小于WT .强光下突变体显示较弱的抗光抑制能力 ,其抗光抑制能力的强弱顺序为 :WT >lut2 >npq1>lut2 npq1.结果表明叶黄素循环不但与NPQ的形成直接相关也与

关键词：拟南芥叶黄素缺失突变体叶绿素荧光猝灭非光化学猝灭

Changes of Soil Water, Organic Matter, and Exchangeable Cations Along a Forest Successional Gradient in southern china

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Pedosphere 2007年第3期17卷 397-405页

作者： YAN Jun-Hua ZHOU Guo-Yi ZHANG De-Qiang CHU Guo-Wei south china institute of botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 （China）

Information on the distribution patterns of soil water content （SWC）, soil organic matter （SOM）, and soil exchangeable cations （SEC） is important for managing forest ecosystems in a sustainable manner. This study investigated how SWC, SOM, and SEC were influenced in forests along a successional gradient, including a regional climax （monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, or MEBF）, a transitional forest （coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, or MF）, and a pioneer forest （coniferous Masson pine （Pinus rnassoniana） forest, or MPF） of the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve in the subtropical region of southern china. SWC, SOM, and SEC excluding Ca^2＋ were found to increase in the soil during forest succession, being highest in the top soil layer （0 to 15 cm depth） except for Na^＋. The differences between soil layers were largest in MF. This finding also suggested that the nutrients were enriched in the topsoil when they became increasingly scarce in the soil. There were no significant differences （P = 0.05） among SWC, SOM, and SEC. A linear, positive correlation was found between SWC and SOM. The correlation between SOM and cation exchange capacity （CEC） was statistically significant, which agreed with the theory that the most important factor determining SEC is SOM. The ratio of K^＋ to Na^＋ in the topsoil was about a half of that in the plants of each forest. MF had the lowest exchangeable Ca^2＋ concentration among the three forests and Ca^2＋：K^＋ in MPF was two times higher than that in MF. Understanding the changes of SWC, SOM, and CEC during forest succession would be of great help in protecting all three forests in southern china.

关键词： forest succession soil exchangeable cations soil organic matter soil water content

Changes in Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Rice Mutants Induced by High Hydrostatic Pressure

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Rice science 2003年第1期10卷 29-32页

作者： BAI Cheng-ke, LI Gui-shuang, PENG Chang-lian, DUAN Jun (south china institute of botany, chinese academy of sciences, guangzhou 510650, china) south china institute of botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China

Three mutants of rice (Oryza sativa L. ), Mutant 1, Mutant 2 and Mutant 3, which were selected by high hydrostatic pressure (75 MPa), and their parent Yuexiangzhan were used to study the changes in chlorophyll fluorescence during different growth stages. In all the three mutants, the function of PSⅡ was improved, F_v/F_m ratio of mutants increased compared to their parent at tillering and heading stage, and ΦPSⅡ also improved except for Mutant 2 at heading stage. Similar to their parent, the mutants exhibited slight photoinhibition at noon and almost complete recovery to initial levels of 6:00 after 18:00 at heading stage. At milking stage, the photoinhibition in the mutants was obvious, and recovered rapidly compared to the parent. Yields of individual plant and grain/straw ratio were also higher in three mutants than the parent. Results indicated that characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of mutants and their photoinhibition in the field had changed. It is suggested that high hydrostatic pressure induction could be applied as a new effective approach in high-yield rice breeding in the future.

关键词： high hydrostatic pressure rice mutant chlorophyll fluorescence dynamics parameter

Seasonal variation of carbon exchange of typical forest ecosystems along the eastern forest transect in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第S2期49卷 47-62页

作者： ZHANG Leiming, YU Guirui, SUN Xiaomin, WEN Xuefa, REN Chuanyou, SONG Xia, LIU Yunfen, GUAN Dexin, YAN Junhua & ZHANG Yiping Synthesis Center of chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN), institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, china institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china south china institute of botany, chinese academy of sciences, guangzhou 510650, china Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, chinese academy of sciences, Kunming 650223, china Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, china 1. Synthesis Center of chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Re-sources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 5. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 2. institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China 3. south china institute of botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China 4. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China

The long-term and continuous carbon fluxes of Changbaishan temperate mixed forest (CBS), Qianyanzhou subtropical evergreen coniferous forest (QYZ), Dinghushan subtropical evergreen mixed forest (DHS) and Xishuangbana tropical rainforest (XSBN) have been measured with eddy covariance techniques. In 2003, different responses of carbon exchange to the environment appeared across the four ecosystems. At CBS, the carbon exchange was mainly determined by radiation and temperature. 0℃and 10℃were two important temperature thresholds; the former determined the length of the growing season and the latter affected the magnitude of carbon exchange. The maximum net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CBS occurred in early summer because maximum ecosystem photosynthesis (GPP) occurred earlier than maximum ecosystem respiration (Rθ). During summer, QYZ experienced severe drought and NEE decreased significantly mainly as a result of the depression of GPP. At DHS and XSBN, NEE was higher in the drought season than the wet season, especially the conversion between carbon sink and source occurring during the transition season at XSBN. During the wet season, increased fog and humid weather resulted from the plentiful rainfall, the ecosystem GPP was dispressed. The Q10 and annual respiration of XSBN were the highest among the four ecosystems, while the average daily respiration of CBS during the growing season was the highest. Annual NEE of CBS, QYZ, DHS and XSBN were 181.5, 360.9, 536.2 and -320.0 g·C·m-2·a-1, respectively. From CBS to DHS, the temperature and precipitation increased with the decrease in latitude. The ratio of WEE/Rθincreased with latitude, while Rθ/Gpp, ecosystem light use efficiency (LUE), precipitation use efficiency and average daily GPP decreased gradually. However, XSBN usually escaped such latitude trend probably because of the influence of the south-west monsoon climate which does not affect the other ecosystems. Long-term measurement and more research were necessary t

关键词： forest transect carbon budget ecosystem photosynthesis ecosystem respiration china-FLUX eddy covariance.

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乔木蒸腾作用的主要测定方法

生态学杂志 2005年第1期24卷 88-96页

作者：马玲赵平饶兴权蔡锡安曾小平中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650

参阅了近年来国内外研究树木蒸腾作用的文献 ,对研究乔木水分利用的各种代表性方法 (整树容器法、称重法、蒸渗仪法、Li 16 0 0稳态气孔计法、风调室法、遥感法、水量平衡法、组织热平衡法、热脉冲法、涡动相关法、波文比法、彭曼联合... 详细信息

参阅了近年来国内外研究树木蒸腾作用的文献 ,对研究乔木水分利用的各种代表性方法 (整树容器法、称重法、蒸渗仪法、Li 16 0 0稳态气孔计法、风调室法、遥感法、水量平衡法、组织热平衡法、热脉冲法、涡动相关法、波文比法、彭曼联合法 )的原理、应用技术与方法进行探讨 ,分析其优缺点 ,并具体介绍作者目前所采用的热扩散式探针法及遇到的问题与改进 ,认为热扩散探针法 (TDP)是目前研究乔木整树蒸腾作用比较理想的方法。

关键词：蒸腾作用水分利用热扩散式探针法整树

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光照下叶黄素循环与非辐射能量耗散的关系

生物化学与生物物理进展 2002年第1期29卷 91-93页

作者：董高峰阳成伟徐志防陈贻竹中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650

离体玉米叶片在光照下叶黄素循环与非辐射能量耗散发生明显变化 .随着光强提高 ,玉米黄质 (Z)含量显著上升 ,单环氧玉米黄质 (A)含量在中低光强时增加但在较强光照下略有降低 ,紫黄质 (V)含量则呈下降趋势 ,但叶黄素循环组分库V +A +Z... 详细信息

离体玉米叶片在光照下叶黄素循环与非辐射能量耗散发生明显变化 .随着光强提高 ,玉米黄质 (Z)含量显著上升 ,单环氧玉米黄质 (A)含量在中低光强时增加但在较强光照下略有降低 ,紫黄质 (V)含量则呈下降趋势 ,但叶黄素循环组分库V +A +Z上升幅度不大 ;相同条件下非辐射能量耗散增强 ,表现为非光化学猝灭荧光参数 (NPQ)明显上升 ,同时Fv/Fm 下降 .分析表明 ,(Z +0 5A) / (V +A +Z)与NPQ呈明显正相关 ,而与Fv/Fm 呈显著负相关 ,(V +0 5A) / (V +A +Z)则与之相反 .由此推测 ,离体条件下玉米叶片中Z的环氧化和V的脱环氧化明显与非辐射能量耗散和PSⅡ光能转化过程相关 .

关键词：叶黄素循环非辐射能量耗散光照玉米

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外来种入侵与物种多样性

生态学杂志 2004年第2期23卷 121-126页

作者：黄红娟叶万辉中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650

在入侵生态学研究方面 ,物种多样性与生物入侵之间的关系已成为当前研究和争论的焦点。自Elton的经典假说提出以来 ,物种丰富度高的群落比物种贫乏的群落更能抵抗外来种入侵的观点得到广泛接受。一些理论模型和多样性处理实验支持了该... 详细信息

在入侵生态学研究方面 ,物种多样性与生物入侵之间的关系已成为当前研究和争论的焦点。自Elton的经典假说提出以来 ,物种丰富度高的群落比物种贫乏的群落更能抵抗外来种入侵的观点得到广泛接受。一些理论模型和多样性处理实验支持了该假说。但现在越来越多的野外观测和实验研究开始对这一经典假说提出异议 ,甚至反对。同时 ,在入侵生态学广泛受到关注的今天 ,大量的实验研究也提出了一些新的观点。本文对Elton经典假说提出以来全球有关物种多样性与生物入侵关系的主要研究及其观点进行了评述 ,以期为我国有关研究工作的开展提供参考。

关键词：外来种外来种入侵物种多样性外来种丰富度本地种丰富度