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Clinical and Epidemiological Features and Management of Neonatal Hypoglycemia at the University Teaching Hospital of Treichville (Abidjan-Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期7卷 320-330页

作者： Gneneyeri Joseph Ouattara Lassina Cissé Gervais Koffi Jean-Jacques Atteby Yao Jacob Enoh Corinne Sei soumahoro oulai Department of Paediatrics University Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Unit of Biochemistry Central Laboratory University Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence, the characteristics of hypoglycaemia in the newborn admitted to emergency departments of teaching Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan and to evaluate the relevance of capillary blood glucose in this diagnosis. Patients and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was held from 01 February to 25 June 2017 in the Pediatric Emergency Department. It involved 201 newborns under 24 hours of age who consulted in pediatric emergency for any reason. Data were collected from parent direct interviews, analysis of the follow-up record, physical examination of the newborn, results of glucose level in the capillary blood at heel and in venous blood. On dry tube and gray tube (containing sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate), the blood glucose on the latter tube constituting the reference blood glucose, with neonatal hypoglycaemia defined by a venous blood glucose less than or equal to 2.5 mmol/l (0.45 g/l). The statistical tests used were the frequency comparison, the Chi Square, the Fisher Test with a significance threshold p 0.05 or the Odds-ratio with a confidence interval of 95% and a significance threshold of 5%, but also with the correlation coefficient. Results: Newborns of less than 3 hours of life (70.6%) were the most represented with a male predominance (sex ratio = 2.9). The reasons for consultation were dominated by neurological disorders (36.5%), prematurity (31.8%), and fever (22.2%). The average time to complete the blood glucose test was less than one hour after the sampling in 6.5% of the cases. The mean blood glucose was 0.59 g/l (3.28 mmol/l) with extremes ranging from 0.15 to 1.8 g/l (0.83 mmol/l to 10 mmol/l). The prevalence of hypoglycemia by the instantaneous glycemic method was 15.9%. On tube containing sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate, it was 20.4%, while the prevalence of red blood cell hypoglycemia was 38.1%. A good correlation was found between capillary glycemia and gray tube with r

关键词： Hypoglycaemia Newborn Prevalence Emergency

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Growth Profile of 100 Breastfeeding Children with Early Introduction of Infant Formulas in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期7卷 236-244页

作者： Richard Azagoh-Kouadio Kouadio Vincent Asse Jean-Jacques Yao Atteby Lassina Cisse Jacob Slanziahuelie Enoh Ehouman Mocket Adolphe Stéphane Koffi-Djadan soumahoro oulai Paediatric Ward of University and Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Paediatric Ward of University and Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouaké Cote d’Ivoire University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa

Objective: To describe the growth profile of breastfeeding babies following early introduction of infant formulas to improve the feeding pattern of the young infant. Methodology: This is a longitudinal descriptive study conducted in 2 medical clinics in Abidjan from 11-Jun-2013 to 15-Dec-2016 on 100 healthy newborn babies with the introduction of infant formulas before 6 months of life. The anthropometrics parameters were compared to those of WHO. Results: The exclusive breastfeeding rate was 5%. Ablactation occurred within 12 months in 95% of cases. All Infants have doubled and tripled their birth weight at 3 and 9 months respectively. The height and the head circumference at birth increased by 50% and 37% respectively at 12 months. Compared to WHO growth charts, the weight gain for the girls at 3 months was 12.4% higher and for the boys was 7.3% higher at 6 months. On the other hands, the statural gain at 12 months was 50% lower than the WHO standards while the head circumference was 37.8% and 45.5% higher than the WHO standards in boys and girls respectively. At 3 months, the prevalence of stunting was 26.1% for boys and 13.3% for girls. Lastly, at 12 months, the BMI showed 10% overweight and 19% obesity. Conclusion: Breastfeeding associated with an early introduction of infant formulas increases the risk of malnutrition of the young infant. We advise to avoid it and recommend an exclusive breastfeeding.

关键词： Infant Exclusive Breastfeeding Infant Formulas Growth WHO Standards Cote d’Ivoire

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Childhood Heart Disease in Côte d’Ivoire: Retrospective Multicentric Study about 228 Cases

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期8卷 375-388页

作者： Richard Azagoh-Kouadio Kouakou Florent Diby Kouadio Vincent Asse Loa Gnaba Koko Aude Aka-Tanoh Kossonou Roland Yeboua Kouassi Christian Yao Christelle Avi soumahoro oulai Paediatric Ward of University Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Diseases CHU de Bouaké Bouaké Cote d’Ivoire Paediatric Ward of University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouaké Cote d’Ivoire

Introduction: In Cote d’Ivoire, the paediatrician has to face a diagnosis and management problem in front of pediatric heart disease, with consequent a high lethality. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and progressive aspects of childhood cardiopathy for the improvement of prognosis and professional practice. Materials and methods: This was a multicenter retrospective and descriptive study conducted from January 2011 to March 2016 in two main hospitals universities, one located in Abidjan and the other in Bouaké. It concerned children aged 0 to 15 admitted for cardiac disease diagnosed on clinical and/or echocardiographic arguments. The variables studied were the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. Results: A total of 49.760 admissions including 228 infantile heart disease cases (congenital 113, acquired 51, indeterminate 64) are overall prevalence of 4.6‰. They involved 106 boys and 122 girls. In 74.6% of cases, the age was between 0 and 2 years. Respiratory distress 73.7% was the main reason for consultation. The main congenital heart diseases (CHD) are ventricular septal defect (VSD) (31%), atrial septal defect (ASD) (20.4%), atrioventricular canal (AVSD) (12.4%) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) (11.5%). As for acquired forms (AHD), rheumatic mitral insufficiency (41.2%) and tuberculous pericarditis (15.7%) were the two main causes. Treatment progress is marked by stabilization (71.1%) and death (14%). Death was significantly associated with low socioeconomic status (p = 0.01) and with complication (p 0.001). Conclusion: Infantile heart diseases are relatively less frequent and serious in Cote d’Ivoire. To improve the prognosis, close collaboration between the pediatrician and the cardiologist is required for early diagnosis and management.

关键词： Child Congenital Heart Disease Acquired Heart Disease Ivory Coast

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Etiological and Evolutionary Profile of the Child’s Pericarditis in Tropical Environments

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第3期7卷 164-177页

作者： Richard Azagoh-Kouadio Jacob Slanziahuelie Enoh Jean-Jacques Yao Atteby Line Guei Couitchere Lassina Cisse Yves N’da Kouakou N’goran Kouadio Euloge Kramoh oulai soumahoro Paediatric Ward of University and Teaching Hospital of Treichville AbidjanCote d’Ivoire Institute of Cardiology of Abidjan(ICA) AbidjanCote d’Ivoire

Background: Liquid pericarditis is a frequent cause of hospitalization in developing countries. Objective: of this study was to describe the etiological and evolutionary aspects of fluid pericarditis in pediatric cardiology at ICA. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 42 cases of fluid pericarditis diagnosed among 202 children hospitalized over a five-year period (1st January 2009 to 31st December 2014). All patients with pericardial effusion were included in the study. Results: Prevalence was estimated at 20.8% of hospitalizations, sex ratio was 1.1 with a female predominance (52%) and the mean age at 9.2 years (11 days to 15 years). The etiologic varieties identified were: tuberculosis 22 cases, 52%, rheumatic pericarditis 6 cases or 14.3%, chronic parietal endocarditis 5 cases (11.9%), bacterial pericarditis with trivial germ 3 cases (7.1% 3 cases (7.1%), post-surgery syndrome 2 cases (4.8%), umbilical post-catheterization 1 case (2.4%). HIV serology was positive in 11.9% of cases. The progression was favorable in 55% of the cases with 10% of deaths. Conclusion: Fluid pericarditis in children is a severe condition that is clearly on the rise today, especially in immunocompromised patients. Optimal management of fluid pericarditis in children is the best guarantee to avoid short-term tamponade and in the medium term constriction.

关键词： Pericarditis Etiology Evolution Children Tropical Diseases

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First Case of Liver Glycogen Documented in the Pediatric Ward of the University Hospital of Treichville (Cote D’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期7卷 72-76页

作者： Jean-Jacques Yao Atteby Lassina Cissé Jacob Enoh Kouadio Richard Azagoh Germaine Niamké Daouda Koné Joseph Ouattara Evelyne Kouadio Beugre Martine Niangué soumahoro Mathurin oulai Joseph Andoh Pediatric Ward Teaching Hospital Center of Treichville Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The authors report a case of hepatic glycogen storage diseases type III (Cori-Forbes disease) of a Métis 3-year-old girl born and resident in C?te d'Ivoire. The discovery of this disease was made at the age of 2 years in the diagnosis of abdominal mass in a child subject to frequent hypoglycemia. The management currently consists of a diet enriched with glucose and maltose dextrin. We note in our case, a failure to thrive despite the persistent support.

关键词： Hepatic Glycogenosis Metabolic Disease Child

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