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Mortality of HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Public Cohort in West Africa, Burkina Faso: Frequency and Associated Factors

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2013年第4期3卷 281-289页

作者： Armel Poda Arsène Hema Jacques Zoungrana Nongodo Firmin Kaboré Bebar Euloges Kamboulé Ibrahim Soré Guillaume bado Abdoul-Salam Ouédraogo Nicolas Meda Adrien Bruno Sawadogo Day Care Hospital for HIV-Patients of Bobo Dioulasso Department of Infectious Diseases Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Day Care Hospital for HIV-Patients of Bobo Dioulasso Department of Infectious Diseases Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Virology and Bacteriology Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso School of Medicine University of Bobo Dioulasso Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Day Care Hospital for HIV-Patients of Bobo Dioulasso Department of Infectious Diseases Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso School of Medicine University of Bobo Dioulasso Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Virology and Bacteriology Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso School of Medicine University of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Muraz Center Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Background: In sub Saharan Africa, small size surveys have demonstrated early high mortality among infected patients on antiretroviral therapies (ART). Few studies have been conducted in large cohorts of HIV-patients in public health care system in West Africa. Objectives: Our study aims to determine mortality rate and its predictors in a cohort of patients on ART in a public daycare hospital in Burkina Faso. Methods: We have carried out a retrospective cohort study. All HIV-infected patients on ART between January 1st 2008 and December 31st 2011 were included in the study. Survival probability was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analysis was used to identify associated factors to mortality. Results: A total of 2243 HIV-infected patients were included in the study. During the follow-up, 218 patients representing 9.7% were lost. About 104 patients representing 4.6% were transferred and 1691 representing 75.4% were still in the therapeutic cohort. There were 230 death cases for a total of 4282 persons-years, (5.4 deaths for 100 persons-years;95% CI: 4.8 -6.3). The survival probabilities after 6 months, 1 year and 2 years were 92.6%, 91% and 88.9% respectively. For the multivariate analysis, the following factors were independently associated to death: male gender, BMI .5 kg/m2, WHO stage 3 and 4, HIV-2, T-CD4 lymphocytes < 200/μl, haemoglobin rate g/dl and creatinine clearance 2. Conclusions: Our study provides for the first time mortality rates and its predictors among HIV-patients on antiretroviral treatment in a large cohort in public health sector in Burkina Faso. It highlights the importance of early HIV screening to limit ART initiation at advanced HIV infection stages.

关键词： Antiretroviral Therapy Burkina Faso HIV Mortality West Africa

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human Papillomavirus in Burkina Faso

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Climatological Analysis of Aerosols Optical Properties by Airborne Sensors and in Situ Measurements in West Africa: Case of the Sahelian Zone

American Journal of Molecular Biology（美国分子生物学期刊） 2024年第1期

作者： Koudpoko Madeleine Kabre Djénéba Ouermi Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Fatié Porzé Wilfried Traore Prosper bado Abdoul Karim Ouattara Ouamini Pulchérie De Prisca Gnoumou Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo Albert Théophane Yonli Punya Akouélé Kuassi-Kpede Charlemagne Marie Ragnag-Néwendé Ouedraogo Jacques Simpore

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2019年第4期8卷 118-135页

作者： Nébon bado Adama Ouédraogo Hassime Guengané Thierry Sikoudouin Maurice Ky Serge Dimitri Bazyomo Bruno Korgo Mamadou Simina Dramé Saidou Moustapha Sall Florent P. Kieno Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Université Joseph Ki Zerbo Ouaga Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar-Fann Sénégal Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Kaya (CUP-K) Kaya Burkina Faso Institute of Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Porto-Novo Benin

This paper deals with the climatology of aerosols in West Africa based on satellite and in situ measurements between 2001 and 2016 and covers four sites in the Sahelian zone. There are indeed Banizoumbou (13.541°N, 02.665°E), Cinzana (13.278°N, 05.934°W), Dakar (14.394°N, 16.959°W) and Ouagadougou (12.20°N, 1.40°W) located respectively in Niger, Mali, Senegal and Burkina Faso. Thus, an intercomparison between the satellite observations and the in situ measurements shows a good correlation between MODIS and AERONET with a correlation coefficient R = 0.86 at Cinzana, R = 0.85 at Banizounbou, R = 0.84 at Ouagadougou and a low correlation coefficient R = 0.66 calculated on the Dakar site. Like MODIS, SeaWiFS shows a very good correspondence with measurements of the ground photometer especially for Banizoumbou (R = 0.89), Cinzana (R = 0.88) and Dakar (R = 0.75) followed by a low correlation coefficient calculated on the Ouagadougou site (R = 0.64). The performance of these airborne sensors is also corroborated by the calculation of root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute error (MAE). Following this validation, a climatological analysis based on aerosol optical depth (AOD) shows the seasonality of aerosols in West Africa strongly influenced by the climate dynamics illustrated by the MERRA model reanalysis. This seasonal spatial distribution of aerosols justifies the temporal variability of the particles observed at the different sites in the Sahel. In addition, a combined analysis of AOD and Angstrom coefficient indicates the aerosol period in the Sahel in spring (March-April-May) and summer (June-July-August). However, these aerosols are strongly dominated by desert dust whose main sources are located north in the Sahara and Sahel.

关键词： West-Africa Aerosols Airborne Sensors Aeronet MERRA Model

HPV/HBV or HPV/HCV Co-Infections in Women Treated for Chronic Hepatitis at Hôpital Saint Camille in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Antibiotic Resistance in the Uropathogenic Enterobacteria Isolated from Patients Attending General Reference Hospital (GRH) of Niamey, Niger

American Journal of Molecular Biology（美国分子生物学期刊） 2024年第1期

作者： Estelle Ouédraogo ThéodoraMahoukèdèZohoncon Bagora Bayala Prosper bado Rose P. Clémence Da Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo Ina Marie Angèle Traoré Punya Akouélé Kuassi-Kpede Samiratou Ouédraogo Essi Etonam Dovo Lassina Traoré Albert Théophane Yonli Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Olga Mélanie Lompo Jacques Simpore

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 78-90页

作者： Alassane Halawen Mohamed René Dembélé Chaibou Salaou Alix Bénédicte Kagambèga Hiliassa Coulibaly Frédéric François bado Alio Mahamadou Fody Laouali Boubou Alkassoum Ibrahim Eric Adehossi Omar Mauricio Arcos Holzinger Nicolas Barro Microbiology Laboratory of the General Reference Hospital (GRH) Niamey Niger Laboratory of Molecular Biology Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses (LaBESTA) University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Training and Research Unit in Applied Sciences and Technologies University of Dedougou Dedougou Burkina Faso Superior Normal School University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey Niamey Niger Bacteriology Laboratory of the Niamey National Hospital (NNH) Niamey Niger Direction of Surveillance and Response to Epidemics Ministry of Public Health Niamey Niger Faculty of Health Sciences University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey Niamey Niger Center for Medical and Health Research Niamey Niger Instituto de Ciencias Médicas Las Tablas Panama

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a frequent reason for consultation and lead to a significant and sometimes inappropriate prescription of antibiotics. The latter favors antibiotic resistance and an increase in mortality as well as the cost of treatment. The present study aims to contribute to the fight against antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria. Methods: This is a prospective study from January to December, 2021 in the Microbiology laboratory of the General Reference Hospital (GRH) of Niamey including 3369 urine samples. The antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria was determined using the Viteck-2 method. Results: At least 280 strains of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from the patient’s urine. Among these strains, Escherichia coli was the most predominant (74.64%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.07%) and Enterobacter cloacae (7.14%) and other enterobacteria 2.15%. These Enterobacteriaceae are more common in community patients than in hospitalized patients. The average age of patients is 52 years and the age group most affected by these enterobacteria is 46 - 60 years (23.33%). The female sex is the most affected sex with (51.07%) against (48.97%) for the male sex with 1.04 as sex ratio. The hospitalization departments most affected by these enterobacteria are Nephrology (29.23%) and Endocrinology (21.54%). Up to 75% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates show high resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ticarcillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, cefixime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid and ofloxacin. Conclusion: The high rate of antibiotic resistance among enterobacteria in urine is of concern. Only a few Enterobacteriaceae show low resistance to ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin. Therefore, these antibiotics are recommended as first line treatment for urinary tract infections.

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Urinary Tract Infections Enterobacteriaceae Viteck-2 Niger

Association between Polymorphisms of Glutathione S-Transferase and Progression to Cervical Cancer in Women from Burkina Faso and Mali

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第4期8卷 12-25页

作者： Teega-Wendé Clarisse Ouedraogo Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Boureima Idani Abdoul Karim Ouattara Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Prosper bado Mah Alima Esther Traore Birama Diarra Albert Théophane Yonli Charlemagne Ouedraogo Jacques Simpore Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE) University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Saint Thomas d’Aquin Faculty of Medicine Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast PMB Cape Coast Ghana University Joseph Ki-Zerbo UFR/SDS Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Although persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection is the main risk factor, Glutathione S-Transferase highly polymorphic enzyme involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics, is a good candidate gene. The objective of this study was to compare the polymorphisms of Glutathione S-Transferase M1-null in women with cancerous lesions and without lesions. This study consisted of 322 uterine cervix samples of women from Mali and Burkina Faso with Cervical Intra-epithelial Neoplasia 2 and 3, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and 100 women with no lesions. Human Papillomavirus genotyping was performed by Real-time multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction. Glutathione S-Transferase gene polymorphisms were determined using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction followed by migration on agarose gel. A statistically significant association with high relative risks of 10.77 for the development of High grade Superficial or Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesion (95% CI = 5.59 - 20.72;p < 0.001), and 13.20 for cancer development (95% CI = 6.79 - 25.63;p < 0.001) was found in women with the null genotype of Glutathione S-Transferase M1 in the study population. In Burkina Faso and Mali, Glutathione S-Transferase M1-null presented relative risks of 9 and 11.05 for high-grade lesions, 15 and 11.40 for cancer. Similarly, significant results had been observed in women with human papillomavirus positive and human papillomavirus negative. The results of the present study support the idea that the deletion of Glutathione S-Transferase M1 plays a crucial role in the progression of high-grade lesions and cervical cancer.

关键词： Glutathione S-Transferase M1-Null Cervical Cancer Burkina Faso Mali

Detection of Human Papillomavirus DNA and E6/E7 mRNA from HPV Genotypes 16, 18, 31 and 33 in Histologically Confirmed Cases of Cervical Cancer and Precancerous Lesions in Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2023年第4期13卷 276-290页

作者： Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Shoukrat Ohuwa Toyin Bello Prosper bado Rogomenoma Alice Ouédraogo Estelle Ouédraogo Ina Marie Angèle Traoré Abdoul Karim Ouattara Florencia Wenkunni Djigma Albert Théophane Yonli Assita Sanou-Lamien Olga Mélanie Lompo Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Pathological Anatomy and Cytology Laboratory Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Cervical cancer, caused by persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, remains a global public health problem. The cellular transformation and maintenance of the malignant phenotype of these HPVs are attributed to the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. Objective: This study aims to detect the presence of human papillomavirus DNA and E6/E7 oncoprotein mRNA of HPV genotypes 16, 18, 31 and 33 in cases of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, histologically confirmed in Burkina Faso. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study focused on cases of cervical cancer and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and was conducted from June to December 2022. One hundred (100) samples of fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues were collected from the pathological anatomy and cytology laboratories of hospitals in the capital of Burkina Faso. High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) DNA was detected using multiplex real-time PCR, while the presence of E6 and E7 mRNA in cervical cancer and high-grade CIN samples was determined using real-time Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) with TaqMan probes. Results: The mean age of women diagnosed with cervical cancer and high-grade CIN was 50.81 ± 13.65 years, ranging from 22 to 82 years. Cervical cancer and high-grade CIN were positive for at least one high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in 80% of cases. The most prevalent genotypes observed were HPV16, 18, 31, and 33, collectively accounting for 70.08% of cases. Of the 89 samples that tested positive for HR-HPV genotypes 16, 18, 31, and 33, 88 (98.88%;95% CI: [94.58 - 99.94]) were also positive for the presence of mRNA encoding the E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV16, 18, 31, and 33. Conclusion: In the presence of HPV DNA, testing for E6 and E7 oncoprotein mRNA could serve as a promising biomarker and valuable tool for improved assessment of the progression to cervical cancer.

关键词： HPV E6/E7 Cervical Cancer Precancerous Lesions Burkina Faso

DC-SIGN (CD209) Promoter -336 A/G Polymorphism Is Not Associated with Dengue Fever at Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第1期11卷 175-183页

作者： Fiffou Yougbare Aziz Sidi Aristide Tapsoba Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho Bagora Bayala Lassina Traore Prosper bado Bapio Valérie Elvira Jean Télesphore Bazie Abdou Azaque Zoure Esther Mah Alima Traore Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Sessi Frida Tovo Albert Théophane Yonli Alice Kiba Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine (CNTS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the polymorphisms of the DC-SIGN (-336 A/G, rs4804803) gene and their association with the immunopathogenicity of dengue fever in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of three hundred forty-one subjects, patients of all ages have been included in the study: 208 persons presenting clinical signs of dengue fever which were confirmed by diagnostic and 133 Healthy Controls. Genotyping for the CD209 variant (-336 A/G, rs4804803) was carried out using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays. Haplotype frequencies were inferred and compared between the study groups. Results: The percentage of men was 61.88% (211/341) and 38.12% (130/341) for women. The highest frequency of dengue fever (77.42%) was noted in patients with age between 20 to 40 years. Around 1.52% of the study population was positive for HIV, 40.55% were carriers of HBV and 3.83% of HCV. Genotype distribution of the CD209 variant (-336 A/G, rs4804803) was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both patients and controls. The frequency of allele A was higher than allele G;however, statistical analyses showed that there is no significant difference in genotypes GG, AG and AA in patients and controls. Conclusion: This related no significant association with dengue for the variant of ?336 A/G in the DC-SIGN gene in an Ouagadougou population. However, our results offered the SNP frequencies in a West African population, which might be useful for the study of ethnic groups.

关键词： Dengue Virus CD209 Variant (-336 A/G rs4804803) Burkina Faso

Effects of Kenneth Cyclone on Groundnut Crop (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Two Districts of Northern Mozambique

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2020年第4期10卷 246-254页

作者： Ibraimo Teleha Chabite Ali Magido Florência Joaquim Cesário Evódio Armindo Sábado Andate Laboratory of Quality and Food Safety(LQSA) Lúrio Interdisciplinary Study Center(CEIL)Lúrio UniversityStreet No.4250NampulaMozambique HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation Parque dos ContinuadoresNo.31Nampula OfficeMozambique Researcher and Independent Consultant Muhala ExpansãoStreet No.3NampulaMozambique

In Mozambique,groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.)in terms of importance is the third crop after maize(Zea mays L.)and cassava(Manihot esculenta).But due to geographical location,the country suffers major impacts of climate change and natural phenomena that also influence the production of this *** recent Kenneth cyclone that has affected Northern Mozambique,Cabo Delgado and Nampula provinces,is an example of such *** study aimed to evaluate the effects of Kenneth cyclone on groundnut cultivation in Eráti and Meconta districts in Nampula *** research used a questionnaire with closed and open questions to collect data from 31 producers and five traders in Eráti and Meconta *** on the data the sum of the overall average production losses between the two districts was approximately 60%,in which Eráti lost 52%and Meconta 67%of the total production expected for *** biggest impact was the loss of unharvested groundnut germination and the deterioration of the groundnut in the field while *** cyclone created appropriate conditions for the proliferation of fungus causing aflatoxin,Aspergillus *** collected for laboratory analysis showed high levels of total aflatoxins,some 269.4 ppb in Meconta and 148.3 ppb in Erá*** purchase price of groundnut in Eráti during this period varied naturally based on product quality,with 0.8 US$/kg of groundnut that looks good quality(without the presence of fungus or mould,insect damage,rotten and germinated nuts)and 0.6 US$/kg for the poor quality(presence of fungus or mould,insect damage,rotten and germinated nuts).Kenneth cyclone affected the expectations of farmers in groundnut yields in the 2018/2019 season.

关键词： Groundnut Kenneth cyclone aflatoxin Mozambique