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Early and Visible Improvements after Application of K101 in the Appearance of Nails Discoloured and Deformed by Onychomycosis

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2011年第3期1卷 59-63页

作者： Jan Faergemann soren gullstrand Kjell Rensfeldt Department of Dermatology Sahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden Mollevangens Huslakargrupp MalmoSweden Moberg Derma AB BrommaSweden

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails of the fingers and toes and is difficult to cure. A previous 24-week, placebo-controlled study demonstrated that a solution containing propylene glycol, urea and lactic acid (K101) was well-tolerated and effective in the treatment of onychomycosis. Patients who received K101 judged that their condition had improved from Week 2 of treatment onwards. The aim of the current study was to further evaluate and document early visible effects on nail appearance after application of topical K101 in an 8-week baseline-controlled study in 75 patients. Patients graded the appearance of their nail compared with baseline using a four-point scale. Compared with baseline, 91.8% (67/73;95% confidence interval (CI): 83.0%, 96.9%) of the patients experienced at least some improvement in their target nail after 8 weeks of treatment. At Week 2, the proportion showing some improvement was 76.7% (56/73;95% CI: 65.4%, 85.8%) with this number increasing to 87.7% (64/73;95% CI: 77.9%, 94.2%) at Week 4. Proportions of patients reporting less thickened, less discoloured, less brittle and softer nails increased over the course of the study. No safety issues were identified. In conclusion, K101 provided early visible improvements in nails affected by onychomycosis.

关键词： K101 Onychomycosis Early Effects Topical

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Conventional, but not remote ischemic preconditioning, reduces iNOS transcription in liver ischemia/reperfusion

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9506-9512页

作者： Bergthor Bjornsson Anders Winbladh Linda Bojmar Tommy Sundqvist Per gullstrand Per Sandstrom Department of Surgery County Council of Ostergotland58185 Linkoping Sweden Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesLinkping University58185 Linkoping Sweden

AIM:To study the effects of preconditioning on inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and interleukin 1(IL-1)receptor transcription in rat liver ischemia/reperfusion injury(IRI).METHODS:Seventy-two male rats were randomized into 3 groups:the one-hour segmental ischemia(IRI,n=24)group,the ischemic preconditioning(IPC,n=24)group or the remote ischemic preconditioning(RIPC,n=24)*** IPC and R-IPC were performed as 10 min of ischemia and 10 min of *** iNOS and the IL-1 receptor mRNA in the liver tissue was analyzed with real time *** total Nitrite and Nitrate(NOx)in continuously sampled microdialysate(MD)from the liver was *** addition,the NOx levels in the serum were ***:After 4 h of reperfusion,the iNOS mRNA was significantly higher in the R-IPC(ΔCt:3.44±0.57)group than in the IPC(ΔCt:5.86±0.82)group(P=0.025).The IL-1 receptor transcription activity was reduced in the IPC group(ΔCt:1.88±0.53 to 4.81±0.21),but not in the R-IPC group,during reperfusion(P=0.027).In the MD,a significant drop in the NOx levels was noted in the R-IPC group(12.3±2.2 to 4.7±1.2μmol/L)at the end of ischemia compared with the levels in early ischemia(P=0.008).A similar trend was observed in the IPC group(11.8±2.1 to 6.4±1.5μmol/L),although this difference was not statistically *** levels of NOx rose quickly during reperfusion in both ***:IPC,but not R-IPC,reduces iNOS and IL-1 receptor transcription during early reperfusion,indicating a lower inflammatory *** is consumed in the ischemic liver lobe.

关键词： Ischemia-reperfusion injury Preconditioning Remote preconditioning Liver ischemia Liver surgery Microdialysis Nitric oxide Inducible nitric oxide synthase Interleukin-1 receptor

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A Portable Device for Intermittent Oxygen Supplementation during High-Intensity Exercise

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2017年第5期10卷 304-316页

作者： P.Lindholm A.Larsson O.Franberg L.gullstrand Dept.Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Oxelerate AB KarlskronaSweden Department of Mechanical Engineering Blekinge Institute of TechnologyBlekingeSweden Elite Sports Centre BosonSwedish Sports ConfederationStockholmSweden

Introduction: Oxygen supplementation increases physical performance during strenuous work, as known for more than 100 years. There is no widespread use among athletes, which could be due to logistical challenges with gas supply when breathing over 200 L/min. We hypothesized that a positive effect could be reached with a moderate increase in alveolar PO2. If so, a technical solution here called “Oxelerator” could be constructed combining intermittent gas supply with oxygen concentrators running of electricity and a small bottle. Methods. This study describes the theoretical details regarding gas flow and consumption as well as a practical test of the Oxelerator when used during intense exercise by two athletes with high VO2 and work capacity. Results: The Oxelerator generates a peak gas flow of 32 L/min dosed intermittently in 400 - 700 ms boluses adjusted to the inspiratory phase of breathing, mixing oxygen with surrounding air. Theoretical calculations show that 1 liter tank suffice for 20 - 40 minutes of high intensity exercise and hyperoxic FEO2 while breathing above 200 L/min. The first subject ran on a treadmill at a VO2 of 4.64 L/min, RER 0.94. Then intermittent oxygen supplementation was initiated, and FEO2 reached 25.96% after 1 minute. The second subject rowed an ergometer at 330 W. VO2 stabilized at 5.67 L/min, with RER 0.91. After 1 minute of oxygen supplementation mixed expired FEO2 was 22.58% suggesting that inspired FO2 averaged 28 - 31%. Conclusions: A portable technical solution is proposed that enable intermittent O2 supplementation enough to increase end-expiratory FO2 during intense workloads. This will enable hyperoxic exercise for athletes.

关键词： Hyperoxia Device Training

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