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Disentangling the role of management, vegetation structure, and plant quality for Orthoptera in lowland meadows

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Insect Science 2019年第2期26卷 366-378页

作者： Jens Schirmel Rebekka gerlach Constanze Buhk Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Koblenz-Landau Landau Germany

Seminatural grasslands provide habitats for various species and are important for biodiversity conservation. The understanding of the diverse responses of species and traits to different grassland managenient methods is therefore urgently needed. We disentangled the role of grassland management (fertilization and irrigation), vegetation structure (biomass, sward height) and plant quality (protein and fiber content) for Orthoptera communities in lowland hay meadows in Germany. We found vegetation structure to be the most important environmental category in explaining community structure of Orthoptera (species richness, total individuals, fiinctional diversity and species composition). Intensively used meadows (fertilized, irrigated, high plant biomass) were characterized by assemblages with few species, low functional diversity, and low conservation value. Thereby, the relatively moderate fertilizer inputs in our study system of up to -75 kg N/ha/year reduced functional diversity of Orthoptera, while this negative effect of fertilization was not detectable when solely considering taxonomic aspects. We found strong support for a prominent role of plant quality in shaping Orthoptera communities and especially the trait composition. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of considering both taxonomic and functional comp on ents (functio nal diversity) in biodiversity research and we suggest a stronger involvement of plant quality measures in Orthoptera studies.

关键词： biomass fertilization: functional diversity grasshoppers grassland protein content

Tracking perovskite crystallization via deep learning-based feature detection on 2D X-ray scattering data

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 951-959页

作者： Vladimir Starostin Valentin Munteanu Alessandro Greco Ekaterina Kneschaurek Alina Pleli Florian Bertram Alexander gerlach Alexander Hinderhofer Frank Schreiber Institute of Applied Physics University of Tübingen72076TübingenGermany Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.8522607HamburgGermany

Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar *** situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXD)is a key technique for this task,but it produces large amounts of data,frequently exceeding the capabilities of traditional data processing *** propose an automated pipeline for the analysis of GIXD images,based on the Faster Region-based Convolutional Network architecture for object detection,modified to conform to the specifics of the scattering *** model exhibits high accuracy in detecting diffraction features on noisy patterns with various experimental *** demonstrate our method on real-time tracking of organic-inorganic perovskite structure crystallization and test it on two applications:*** automated phase identification and unit-cell determination of two coexisting phases of Ruddlesden–Popper 2D perovskites,and *** fast tracking of MAPbI_(3)perovskite *** design,our approach is equally suitable for other crystalline thin-film materials.

关键词： automated crystallization scattering

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草地灌溉对土壤性质和植物物种组成的影响

Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第2期16卷 174-188页

作者： Rebekka gerlach Constanze Buhk Jens Schirmel Hermann F.Jungkunst iES Landau Institute of Environmental SciencesGeoecology and Physical Geography/Ecosystem AnalysisUniversity of Koblenz-LandauLandauGermany

草地是欧洲范围内生物物种最为丰富的动植物栖息地之一;为了对大面积的草地开展有效的保护,必须要采取具有针对性和可持续性的管理措施。虽然如今大都已被弃用,但传统上的灌溉却有可能是一种具有可持续性的管理策略。然而,对于一般的湿... 详细信息

草地是欧洲范围内生物物种最为丰富的动植物栖息地之一;为了对大面积的草地开展有效的保护,必须要采取具有针对性和可持续性的管理措施。虽然如今大都已被弃用,但传统上的灌溉却有可能是一种具有可持续性的管理策略。然而,对于一般的湿润性生态区域,人们还不太了解灌溉、土壤特性以及植物物种这3者之间的相互影响。我们旨在将传统的草地灌溉对植物群落的影响从传统的低施肥量效应中分离出来,从而获得植物生态学方面的新知识。我们的考察对象是植物的组成和多样性以及它们与土壤特性(有机态碳、总氮、持水性/保水力、中型土壤动物活力)和土壤养分(无机态氮、磷、钾、镁、硼)指标之间的潜在联系。在田间研究中,我们对过去长期灌溉的13块草地以及未经灌溉的13块草地(其中17块草地经过施肥,9块未经施肥)进行了比较。分析这些草地在一整年时间内的植物多样性和物种组成情况以及土壤养分和土壤特性指标,并且假设不同年份之间的差异不大。研究结果发现,灌溉和施肥使土壤特性和土壤养分发生了改变,但它们对植物物种多样性并无影响,只影响植物的物种组成。淤积土具有更细的粒度,因而拥有更高的保水力和养分储量。因此,需要获取水分和养分资源的禾本科植物在经过灌溉的草地上占据优势。本研究的结果表明,对于中欧地区大量的已开发草地,灌溉不仅能保护其生物多样性,而且还有可能使其植物具有不同的植物功能性状。

关键词：草场洪水灌溉施肥土壤养分植物多样性物种组成土壤模式

The Impact of User-Generated Content in the Product Management Process of Digital Games

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2011年第10期8卷 855-862页

作者： Judith gerlach Daniel Schultheiss Anja Solf Department Media Management Institute of Media and Communication Science Ilmenau University of Technology llmenau 98693Germany

All-Solid-State Screen-Printed Sensors for Potentiometric Calcium(II) Determinations in Environmental Samples

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2018年第3期9卷 113-123页

作者： Johannes Schwarz Kathrin Trommer Frank gerlach Michael Mertig Kurt-Schwabe-Institut für Mess- und Sensortechnik e.V. Meinsberg Waldheim Germany Institut für Physikalische Chemie Technische Universit&auml t Dresden Dresden Germany

This paper describes preparation, characterization and electrochemical performance of novel planar miniaturized all-solid-state (ASS) screen-printed potentiometric sensors for the detection of Ca2+ ions in environmental samples. Screen-printed graphite-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and screen-printed reference electrodes based on silver-containing pastes have been applied in a space saving manner on common ceramic substrates with small dimensions. Applications to environmental samples are shown by direct potentiometry and potentiometric titrations in real water samples. Conducting polymers (CPs) have been used as solid-contact materials and as intermediate layer between the polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing ion-selective membrane and the graphite-containing substrate. Different diamides have been incorporated into the PVC membrane. In the range from 10-4 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L, the ISEs show linear slopes of 27 mV/decade, which is close to the Nernstian response. Moreover, the ISEs have response times of 6 months. The novel potentiometric ASS sensors enable simple and exact Ca2+ determinations in real samples.

关键词： All-Solid-State Sensor Ca2+-Selective Electrode Potentiometric Titration Environmental Samples

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战术导弹发动机复合材料壳体

飞航导弹 1990年第2期 33-40页

作者： H.V.gerlach 冯霆

本文以LAR(Leichte Artillerie Rakete)的GFR2(玻璃纤维增强塑料)φ110mm发动机壳体为例,从发动机壳体所受载荷,材料数据、设计准则以及LAR发动机设计实例出发进行了多方面的论述,探讨了复合材料发动机壳体中铺层的设置、壳体结构型式... 详细信息

本文以LAR(Leichte Artillerie Rakete)的GFR2(玻璃纤维增强塑料)φ110mm发动机壳体为例,从发动机壳体所受载荷,材料数据、设计准则以及LAR发动机设计实例出发进行了多方面的论述,探讨了复合材料发动机壳体中铺层的设置、壳体结构型式的选择,制造工艺,质量检验及复合材料发动机壳体技术的最新进展。

关键词：战术导弹发动机复合材料壳体

Structural Characterization of Thin Epitaxial GaN Films on Polymer Polyimides Substrates by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2020年第9期10卷 199-206页

作者： Sri Vidawati Jürgen W. gerlach Benjamin Herold Bernd Rauschenbach Faculty of Post Graduate National Institute of Science and Technology Jakarta 12640 Indonesia Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Permoserstrasse 15 D-04318 Leipzig Germany

The Epitaxial GaN thin films have been fabricated by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) process using nitrogen ions with hyperthermal energies on the polyimides polymer substrates. By applying with the Reflection of High-Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Quantum Design Physical Properties Measurement System, the behaviour of hexagonal GaN thin films is investigated. The result showed that the high quality of the deposited GaN layers kept appearing for many parameters depending on the temperature greatly. The behaviour of high quality of epitaxial GaN coating on the polyimide polymer substrates is a promising material for optoelectronic devices and semiconductor devices application.

关键词： Ion Beam Assisted Deposition Hexagonal GaN Thin Film SEM Quantum Design Physical Properties Measurement System RHEED

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橡胶型材的热空气硫化

橡胶参考资料 1996年第12期26卷 9-17页

作者： Jurgen gerlach gerlach Gmbh 韩东选

橡胶型材被大量地应用于汽车工业,如汽车车身的密封和防水。由于汽车工业要求的高标准和为了改善耐候性能,降低噪音、公差限制以及大量采用 EPDM 的需要,促进了橡胶加工工业,特别是合成橡胶工业的发展。

关键词：橡胶型材热空气硫化型材表面弹性体空气槽硫化橡胶硫化方法密封型材燃烧器红外线装置

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精神分析与对中国人生活经历的理解

心理学通讯 2019年第2期2卷 143-146页

作者： Alf gerlach 武春艳 University of Kassel

作者根据在中国三十多年工作和二十年培训中国临床医生的经验,分享了对精神分析与中国人心灵相遇的观察。第一批学员在孩提时代经历了“文革”,常发展出的应对机制包括防御性理想化和其他防御机制,这些防御机制阻碍了对父母形象攻击性... 详细信息

作者根据在中国三十多年工作和二十年培训中国临床医生的经验,分享了对精神分析与中国人心灵相遇的观察。第一批学员在孩提时代经历了“文革”,常发展出的应对机制包括防御性理想化和其他防御机制,这些防御机制阻碍了对父母形象攻击性的修通。后来的受训者虽然没有经历“文革”,并且由于来自独生子女家庭很少经历同胞相处问题,但他们常有心理发展问题,导致自恋的性格,并被特殊的社会环境或家庭待遇强化。作者讨论了提高妇女地位和年轻男女比例不平衡的问题,并通过培训经历中的案例材料进行说明。此外,作者思考了儒家思想对家庭忠诚与中国新兴企业文化之间的冲突、广泛存在的贫困的影响。最后,作者提出了一个问题,即中国人潜意识是否具有与民族志学者观察相对应的独特品质。

关键词：中国文化创伤理想化中国人潜意识