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Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Puerto Rico: A Study from 2016 to 2021

Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第4期14卷 194-206页

作者： sophia delgado-astacio Raymond L. Tremblay Maricarmen Colón-Díaz Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico Humacao Puerto Rico United States Department of Microbiology and Immunology San Juan Bautista School of Medicine Caguas Puerto Rico United States Department of Physiology and Pathology San Juan Bautista School of Medicine Caguas Puerto Rico United States

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a temporary form of insulin resistance during pregnancy and is linked to adverse outcomes for both mothers and offspring. Maternal risks include an increased prevalence of pre-eclampsia, cesarean delivery, and the development of type 2 diabetes within five to ten years post-delivery. For offspring, exposure to elevated maternal glucose levels is associated with macrosomia. A significant challenge in evaluating the prevalence of GDM in Puerto Rico is the lack of recent research quantifying this condition in pregnant women living in Puerto Rico. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus from 2016 to 2021 by analyzing data collected by Puerto Rico’s Department of Health. Methods: We obtained publicly accessible data from the Division of Children, Mothers, and Adolescents from Puerto Rico’s Department of Health to estimate the prevalence of GDM across the island. Additionally, we correlated the prevalence with socioeconomic, educational, and demographic variables using beta regression models to assess their significance. Results: The prevalence of GDM ranged from 3.2% to 4.5% for the six years studied, with an average prevalence of 3.68%. Regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between maternal age and educational level. Higher educational attainment was associated with a reduced risk of GDM, while increasing maternal age was linked to a higher prevalence of the condition. Conclusion: This statistical analysis provides evidence of a steady increase in the prevalence of GDM in Puerto Rico from 2016 to 2021, highlighting the importance of ongoing surveillance and specific interventions to mitigate risk factors.

关键词： Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Glucose Intolerance Pregnancy in Diabetics Hispanic Women Puerto Rico

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Context-dependent role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 682-694页

作者： NoemíSola-Sevilla Maider Garmendia-Berges MCarmen Mera-delgado Elena Puerta Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Division of PharmacologySchool of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA) PamplonaSpain

Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro-or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.

关键词： interferon inflammation lipopolysaccharide neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factorκB sirtuin 2

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Challenges and improvement strategies in the hospitalization of chronic multimorbid patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 35-41页

作者： Andres Fontalba-Navas Francisco Pozo Muñoz Rogelio Garcia Cisneros Maria Jose Garcia Larrosa Maria del Mar Callejon Gil Ignacio Garcia delgado Maria Belen Jimenez Martinez Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200AndalusiaSpain Department of Public Health and Psychiatry University of MálagaMálaga 29010Spain Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Antequera Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200MálagaSpain

BACKGROUND Addressing the growing challenge of hospitalizing chronic multimorbid patients,this study examines the strain these conditions impose on healthcare systems at a local level,focusing on a pilot *** diseases and complex patients require comprehensive management strategies to reduce healthcare burdens and improve patient *** proven effective,this pilot model has the potential to be replicated in other healthcare settings to enhance the management of chronic multimorbid *** To evaluate the effectiveness of the high complexity unit(HCU)in managing chronic multimorbid patients through a multidisciplinary care model and to compare it with standard hospital *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the Basic Minimum Data Set(BMDS)to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the BMDS to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HCU in managing patients with complex chronic diseases through a multidisciplinary *** coordinated care provided by the HCU results in improved patient outcomes,reduced unnecessary hospitalizations,and better management of patient *** superiority of the HCU compared to standard care is evident in key outcomes such as fewer readmissions and higher patient satisfaction,reinforcing its value as a model of ca

关键词： High complexity unit Chronic multimorbidity Patient-centered care Integrated care Healthcare management

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Simulation of Fluid Flow in a Channel Induced by Three Types of Fin-Like Motion

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2007年第3期4卷 165-176页

作者： Wojciech Kowalczyk Antonio delgado Institute of Fluid Mechanics University of Erlangen-NurembergCauerstr. 4D-91058 ErlangenGermany

One of many interesting research activities in biofluidmechanics is dedicated to investigations of locomotion in water. Some of propulsion mechanisms observed in the underwater world are used in the development process of underwater autonomic vehicles （AUV）. In order to characterise several solutions according to their manoeuvrability, influence on the surrounding fluid and energetic efficiency, a detailed analysis of fin-like movement is indispensable. In the current paper an analysis of undulatory, oscillatory and combined fin-like movements by means of numerical simulation is carried out. The conservation equation of mass and the conservation equation of momentum axe solved with the Finite Volume Method （FWM） by use of the software CFX-10.0. The undulatory and oscillatory fin movements axe modelled with an equation that is implemented within an additional subroutine and joined with the main solver. N carried out in the computational domain, in which one fin is fixed in a flow-through water duct. Simulations axe carded out in the range of the Re number up to 105. The results show significant influence of applied fin motion on the velocity distribution in the surrounding fluid.

关键词： biofluid dynamics fro-like movement fish propulsion computational fluid dynamics

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Thermal metamaterials: functions and prospects

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National Science Review 2018年第2期5卷 138-141页

作者： sophia R.Sklan Baowen Li Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder

The phenomenon of heat transfer has been of great practical importance,going all the way back to the days when heat was believed to be a fluid that flowed between media of different *** properly guiding this flow of c... 详细信息

关键词： METAMATERIALS HEAT transfer

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Relationship between dew presence and Bassia dasyphylla plant growth

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Journal of Arid Land 2012年第1期4卷 11-18页

作者： YanLi ZHUANG sophia RATCLIFFE Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Hydrology and Ecology Laboratory of Watershed Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute for Special Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of Leipzig

Dew has been recognized for its ecological significance and has also been identified as an additional source of water in arid zones. We used factorial control experiment, under dew presence in the field, to explore photosynthetic performance, water status and growth response of desert annual herbage. Bassia dasyphylla seedlings were grown in contrasting dew treatments （dew-absent and dew-present） and different watering regimes （normal and deficient）. The effects of dew on the water status and photosynthetic performance of Bassia dasyphylla grown in a desert area of the Hexi Corridor in Northwestern China, were evaluated. The results indicated the pres- ence of dew significantly increased relative water content （RWC） of shoots and total biomass of plants in both water regimes, and enhanced the diurnal shoot water potential and stomatal conductance in the early morning, as well as photosynthetic rate, which reached its maximum only in the water-stressed regime. The presence of dew increased aboveground growth of plants and photosynthate accumulation in leaves, but decreased the root-to-shoot ratio in both water regimes. Dew may have an important role in improving plant water status and ameliorating the adverse effects of plants exposed to prolonged drought.

关键词： dew Bassia dasyphylla water status photosynthesis performance biomass allocation pattern

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Human-Exoskeleton Joint Coordination Assessment:A Case Study on the Shoulder and Elbow Joints

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第6期19卷 1712-1721页

作者： Pablo delgado Clarissa Rincon Yimesker Yihun Mechanical Engineering Wichita State University1845 FairmountWichitaKS67260USA Biomedical Engineering Wichita State University1845 FairmountWichitaKS67260USA

This study is aimed at developing a methodology to assess and quantify the human limb motions and interactions with the exoskeleton in relation to *** different basic and common upper arm joint movements and their interaction with a joint-based exoskeleton are considered:shoulder vertical and horizontal abduction-adduction,and elbow *** exoskeleton and the human model are aligned to the respective joints inside a Musculoskeletal Modeling *** the range of motion,the linear and angular displacement errors were analyzed,and the effect of those errors on the length of the associated tendons was *** have shown a noticeable variation of the muscle-tendon lengths up to 65.7 mm and a change in the pattern on different muscle groups of the ***,about 4 mm muscle-tendon length changes observed particularly at the elbow anconeus *** changes of length could cause unwanted stresses at the joints,specially for people with disabilities due to stroke that might not have the flexibility to accommodate those extra pose variations imposed by the exoskeleton.

关键词： Exoskeleton Upper limb Rehabilitation Misalignment OpenSim Computational modeling Bioinspiration

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Challenges Associated with Creeping Disasters in Disaster Risk Science and Practice:Considering Disaster Onset Dynamics

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： Reidar Staupe-delgado Olivier Rubin Department of Social Sciences and Business.Roskilde University 4000 RoskildeDenmark Department of Technology and Safety UiT The Arctic University of Norway9037 TromsONorway

In this article,we set out to reconcile a general conceptualization of disaster temporalities by drawing on the epitome example of a creeping disaster,namely *** argument is driven by the recognition that slowly manifesting disaster impacts pose distinct challenges for decision makers and researchers while there is a tendency for the disaster literature to overlook the role of disaster onset *** specifically and as a starting point,we identify four key themes that merit particular attention when dealing with creeping disasters:(1)our understanding of disaster as a phenomenon;(2)measurement and operationalization;(3)early warning and response;and(4)disaster management and *** integrating conceptual discussions of disaster with famine scholarship—a phenomenon often excluded from mainstream disaster research—this article provides fresh perspectives on disaster science as well as a number of implications for how we think about disaster risk reduction.

关键词： Disaster response Early warning Famine disasters Slow-onset disasters

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An approach of the internal friction-dependent temperature changes for conventional and pure biogenic lubricating greases

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 780-795页

作者： Leif AHME Erik KUHN MiguelÁngel delgado Department of Mechanical Engineering and Production Management Hamburg University of Applied SciencesHamburg 20099Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Research in Product Technology and Chemical Processes(Pro2TecS)University of HuelvaHuelva 21071Spain

This work investigated the temperature changes inside the bulk of lubricating greases under controlled high-shear stress conditions(250-500 s-1).For this purpose,a newly developed temperature-measuring cell called Calidus was successfully *** temperature changes(ΔT)have been related to the greases'components(thickener,base oil-type,and composition)and the structural degradation of the lubricating ***,a theoretical approach was proposed for calculating the internal temperature change of lubricating greases during shear *** greases showed an internal temperature profile characterised by a sudden rise inΔT within the first 4 h from starting the test and subsequentΔT decay until it reaches the steady state ***,it was found that greases C1 and C5,formulated with lithium and calcium soap,respectively,with different soap content(16.1 wt%and 9.7 wt%,respectively),but the same base castor oil,showed the highest value of the maximumΔT,c.a.3.2 K,and the most drastic drop ofΔ*** greases showed both the highest specific densities and heat *** addition,they showed the lowest ratio of expended energies(Rtee),which means more structural degradation in the stressed *** the contrary,the grease C3,with 13 wt%of Li-soap but the lowest base oil's viscosity,showed the lowest maximumΔT and the temperature profile was characterised by a moderate variation ofΔT along the *** biogenic grease B3 developed a low-temperature change in the group of pure bio-genic greases close to grease C3.

关键词： shear-induced structural degradation rheology temperature measurements lubricating greases density lubricating greases specific heat capacities

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Hemodynamic improvement using methylene blue after calcium channel blocker overdose

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第1期10卷 55-58页

作者： sophia Ahmed Stacey Barnes St.Joseph's Regional Medical Center

Dear editor,Calcium channel blocker overdoses are often fatal despite standard treatment. Methylene blue is a novel adjunct that should be considered in refractory *** accepted therapeutic modalities include intraveno... 详细信息

关键词：小学英语课外阅读阅读材料

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