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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Eun jeong Lee Su Bin Lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar for highly proficient green hydrogen electrocatalyst at high current density

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 397-408页

作者： Md Ahasan Habib Shusen Lin Mehedi Hasan Joni Sumiya Akter Dristy Rutuja Mandavkar Jae-Hun jeong Jihoon Lee Department of Electronic Engineering College of Electronics and Information Kwangwoon University

Advanced OER/HER electrocatalytic alternatives are crucial for the wide adaptation of green hydrogen ***,Ru/NiMnB spherical cluster pillar （SCP）,denoted as Ru/NiMnB,is synthesized using a combination of electro-deposition and hydrothermal *** investigation of Ru doping in the NiMnB matrix revealed significant improvements in electrocatalytic *** Ru/NiMnB SCPs demonstrate superior OER/HER activity with low overpotentials of 150 and 103 mV at 50mA/cm2in 1 M KOH,making them highly competitive with state-of-the-art ***,the Ru/NiMnB SCPs exhibit a low 2-E cell voltage of 2.80 V at ultra-high current density of 2,000 m A/cm2in 1 M KOH,outperforming the standard benchmark electrodes of RuO2||Pt/C,thereby positioning Ru/NiMnB as one of the best bifunctional *** SCPs exhibit exceptional high-current characteristics,stability and corrosion resistance,as evidenced by continuous operation at 1,000 mA/cm2high-current density for over 150 h in 6 M KOH at elevated temperatures under harsh industrial *** a small amount of Ru incorporation significantly enhances the electrocatalytic performances of NiMnB,attributed to increased active sites and improved intrinsic properties such as conductivity,adsorption/desorption capability and reaction ***,Ru/NiMnB SCPs present a promising bi-functional electrode concept for efficient green H2production.

关键词： Advanced electrocatalyst High current Corrosion resistance Industrial requirement

Saccharomyces boulardii as a single trigger of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: Seven case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第6期13卷 35-40页

作者： Jin-Bok Hwang Hyo-jeong Jang Department of Pediatrics Keimyung University School of MedicineDongsan Medical CenterDaegu 42601South Korea

BACKGROUND Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome(FPIES)is the most serious type of non-immunoglobulin E(IgE)-mediated food allergic reaction manifesting as sepsis-like symptom,which can lead to *** boulardii(***),a probiotic prescribed frequently in clinical settings,has been reported to trigger FPIES in an infant with soy-triggered *** this report,we describe a new clinical FPIES in which *** was the sole triggering factor of acute FPIES adverse reaction in seven healthy *** SUMMARY Seven FPIES cases triggered by only *** were gathered from 2011 to the *** of the patients had previously experienced any allergic reaction to cow’s milk,soy,or complementary *** age of the patients was 4-10-months old,and the symptoms of FPIES developed after ingestion of ***,which is mostly prescribed for the treatment of gastroenteritis or antibiotic-associated *** patients experienced severe repetitive vomiting 1-3 hours after *** *** lethargy,marked pallor,and cyanosis were also *** IgE-mediated hypersensitivity developed in any *** was followed by initial intense vomiting in approximately 5-10 hours after *** ingestion,and only one case showed bloody,purulent,and foul-smelling *** patients stabilized quickly,mostly within 6 *** got all improved within 24 hours after discontinuation of *** *** can be the sole trigger of acute FPIES and be prescribed cautiously even in healthy children without FPIES.

关键词： Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome Food hypersensitivity Saccharomyces boulardii Probiotics Child Case report

NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NETosis positively regulate each other and exacerbate proinflammatory responses:implications of NETosis inhibition for acne skin inflammation treatment

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第5期21卷 466-478页

作者： Hyo jeong Kim Yun Sang Lee Bok-soon Lee Chang-Hak Han Sang gyu Kim Chul-Ho Kim Department of Otolaryngology School of MedicineAjou UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Molecular Science and Technology Ajou UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes involved in the host immune response to pathogen ***,inflammasomes participate in many conditions,such as ***,it was shown that NETosis,a type of neutrophil cell death,is induced by bacterial infection and is involved in inflammatory diseases such as delayed wound healing in patients with ***,the relationship between inflammasomes and NETosis in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases has not been well *** this study,we determined whether NETosis is induced in ***-induced skin inflammation and whether activation of the nucleotide-binding domain,leucine-rich family,and pyrin domain-containing-3(NLRP3)inflammasome is one of the key factors involved in NETosis induction in a mouse model of acne skin *** found that NETosis was induced in ***-induced skin inflammation in mice and that inhibition of NETosis ameliorated ***-induced skin *** addition,our results demonstrated that inhibiting inflammasome activation could suppress NETosis induction in mouse *** results indicate that inflammasomes and NETosis can interact with each other to induce ***-induced skin inflammation and suggest that targeting NETosis could be a potential treatment for inflammasome-mediated diseases as well as NETosis-related diseases.

关键词： P.acnes NETosis NLRP3 inflammasome Skin inflammation

Unveiling anomalous lattice shrinkage induced by Pi-backbonding in Prussian blue analogues

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 121-128,I0004页

作者： Ju-Hyeon Lee Jin-gyu Bae Hyeon jeong Lee Ji Hoon Lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials University of OxfordOxford OX13PHUnited Kingdom

Transition-metal(TM)-based Prussian blue and its analogues(TM-PBAs) have attracted considerable attention as cathode materials owing to their versatile ion storage capability with tunable working voltages. TM-PBAs with different crystal structures, morphologies, and TM combinations can exhibit excellent electrochemical properties because of their unique and robust host frameworks with well-defined ionic diffusion channels. Nonetheless, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the performance dependence of TM-PBAs on structural changes during charging/discharging processes. In this study, in situ X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure analyses elucidate the TMdependent structural changes in a series of TM-PBAs during the charging and discharging *** the discharging process, the lattice volume of Fe-PBA increased while those of Ni-and Cu-PBAs decreased. This discrepancy is attributed to the extent of size reduction of the cyanometallate complex([Fe(CN)_(6)]) via pi-backbonding from Fe to C due to redox flips of the low-spin Fe^(3+/2+) ion. This study presents a comprehensive understanding of how TM selection affects capacity acquisition and phase transition in TM-PBAs, a promising class of cathode materials.

关键词： Prussian blue analogues X-ray diffraction X-ray absorption fine structure Pi-backdonation Cyanides

Proton therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma:Current knowledges and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3090-3100页

作者： gyu Sang Yoo jeong Il Yu Hee Chul Park Department of Radiation Oncology Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Medical Device Management and Research Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology Sungkyunkwan University

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death, as few patients can be treated with currently available curative local modalities. In patients with HCC where curative modalities are not feasible, radiation therapy(RT) has emerged as an alternative or combination therapy. With the development of various technologies, RT has been increasingly used for the management of HCC. Among these advances, proton beam therapy(PBT) has several unique physical properties that give it a finite range in a distal direction, and thus no exit dose along the beam path. Therefore, PBT has dosimetric advantages compared with X-ray therapy for the treatment of HCC. Indeed, various reports in the literature have described the favorable clinical outcomes and improved safety of PBT for HCC patients compared with X-ray therapy. However, there are some technical issues regarding the use of PBT in HCC, including uncertainty of organ motion and inaccuracy during calculation of tissue density and beam range, all of which may reduce the robustness of a PBT treatment plan. In this review, we discuss the physical properties, current clinical data, technical issues, and future perspectives on PBT for the treatment of HCC.

关键词： radiation therapy hepatocellular carcinoma proton beam therapy X-ray therapy

Invasive and non-invasive diagnosis of cirrhosis and portal hypertension

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第15期20卷 4300-4315页

作者： Moon Young Kim Woo Kyoung jeong soon Koo Baik Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of MedcineWonju Severance Christan HospitalWonju 220-701South Korea Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 440-746South Korea

With advances in the management and treatment of advanced liver disease,including the use of antiviral therapy,a simple,one stage description for advanced fibrotic liver disease has become *** refining the diagnosis of cirrhosis to reflect disease heterogeneity is essential,current diagnostic tests have not kept pace with the progression of this new *** biopsy and hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement are the gold standards for the estimation of hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension(PHT),respectively,and they have diagnostic and prognostic ***,they are invasive and,as such,cannot be used repeatedly in clinical *** ideal noninvasive test should be safe,easy to perform,inexpensive,reproducible as well as to give numerical and accurate results in real *** should be predictive of long term outcomes related with fibrosis and PHT to allow prognostic ***,many types of noninvasive alternative tests have been developed and are under *** particular,imaging and ultrasound based tests,such as transient elastography,have shown promising *** most of these noninvasive tests effectively identify severe fibrosis and PHT,the methods available for diagnosing moderate disease status are still insufficient,and further investigation is essential to predict outcomes and individualize therapy in this field.

关键词： Hepatic fibrosis Portal hypertension Liver biopsy Hepatic venous pressure gradient Non-invasive test Transient elastography

Preparation of AZ91D Slurries for Semi-Solid Forming Using Al8 ( Mn, Fe) 5 Precipitates

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Journal of Rare Earths 2004年第Z2期22卷 42-46页

作者： Ji Young Byun soon Il Kwon jeong Man Doh Heon Phil Ha Metal Processing Research Center Division of MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology# 39-1 Haweolgok-DongSungbuk-KuSeoul 136-791Republic of Korea

During the solidification of the AZ91D-alloys, the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 phase is generally precipitated in the melt in advance of the precipitation of the primary α-Mg. The basic principle for manufacturing AZ91D-alloy slurries for semi solid forming is to use the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitates as the heterogeneous nucleation sites for primary α-Mg phases. Microscopic analysis for the location of the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitate explains that the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitate is the effective heterogeneous nucleation site for the primary α-Mg phase. It was also observed that increase of the Mn content in the melt and the cooling rate below to the solid/liquid two-phase region resulted in smaller and more globular primary α-Mg due to the increase of heterogeneous nucleation sites. It was found that the average α-Mg diameter grew as a function of t0.278, where t is the holding time at the solid/liquid two-phase region. This would be attributed to the Ostwald type ripening and coalescence between primary α-Mg phases. The cooling rate below to the solid/liquid two-phase region, Mn content in AZ91D alloy, and the holding time and temperature affected on the quality of slurry.

关键词： AZ91D alloy semi-solid forming solidification heterogeneous nucleation

Identification and comparison of the local physicochemical structures of transition metal-based layered double hydroxides for high performance electrochemical oxygen evolution reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 89-97,I0004页

作者： Min Sung Kim Bipin Lamichhane Ju-Hyeon Lee Jin-gyu Bae jeong Yeon Heo Hyeon jeong Lee Shyam Kattel Ji Hoon Lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea KNU Advanced Material Research Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Physics Florida A&M UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32307United States

Layered double hydroxides(LDHs) have attracted considerable attention as a cost effective alternative to the precious iridium-and ruthenium-based electrocatalysts for an oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a bottleneck of water electrolysis for sustainable hydrogen *** their excellent OER performance,the structural and electronic properties of LDHs,particularly during the OER process,remain to be poorly *** this study,a series of LDH catalysts is investigated through in situ X-ray absorption fine structure analyses and density functional theory(DFT) *** experimental results reveal that the LDH catalyst with equal amounts of Ni and Fe(NF-LDH) exhibits the highest OER activity and catalytic life span when compared with its counterparts having equal amounts of Ni and Co(NC-LDH)and Ni only(Ni-LDH).The NF-LDH shows a markedly enhanced OER kinetics compared to the NC-LDH and the Ni-LDH,as proven by the lower overpotentials of 180,240,and 310 mV,respectively,and the Tafel slopes of 35.1,43.4,and 62.7 mV dec^(-1),*** DFT calculations demonstrate that the lowest overpotential of the NF-LDH is associated with the active sites located at the edge planes of NF-LDH in contrast to those located at the basal planes of Ni-LDH and *** current study pinpoints the active sites on various LDHs and presents strategies for optimizing the OER performance of the LDH catalysts.

关键词： Layered double hydroxides Oxygen evolution reaction In situ X-ray analyses Density functional theory Catalytic active sites