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揭秘李小龙的爆发力技巧

运动休闲 2010年第5期 124-125页

作者： rain 侯兢（插图）

但凡是看过李小龙主演的影片和亲眼目睹过李小龙功夫的人，部会激动和回味．被他那“野性”的才能折服，为他独特的魅力倾倒。李小龙那身结实的肌肉、令人生畏的线条轮廓和难以置信的爆发力．都代表着一种独有的神威和气势，他的肌肉质... 详细信息

但凡是看过李小龙主演的影片和亲眼目睹过李小龙功夫的人，部会激动和回味．被他那“野性”的才能折服，为他独特的魅力倾倒。李小龙那身结实的肌肉、令人生畏的线条轮廓和难以置信的爆发力．都代表着一种独有的神威和气势，他的肌肉质量是举世无双的。

关键词：李小龙爆发力技巧肌肉

Parameterization of below-cloud scavenging for polydisperse fine mode aerosols as a function of rain intensity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第10期132卷 43-55页

作者： Chang Hoon Jung Hyung-Min lee Dasom Park Young Jun Yoon Yongjoo Choi Junshik Um Seoung Soo lee Ji Yi lee Yong Pyo Kim Department of Health Management Kyungin Women’s UniversityIncheon 21041Korea Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Ewha Woman’s UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Environmental Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoulKorea Korea Polar Research Institute IncheonKorea Department of Environment Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYonginKorea Department of Atmospheric Sciences Pusan National UniversityBusanKorea Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Research Center for Climate Sciences Pusan National UniversityBusanKorea Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulKorea

The below-cloud aerosol scavenging process by precipitation is one of the most important mechanisms to remove aerosols from the *** to its complexity and dependence on both aerosol and raindrop sizes,wet scavenging process has been poorly treated,especially during the removal of fine *** makes the numerical simulation of below-cloud scavenging in large-scale aerosolmodels *** consider the slip effects of submicron particles,a simplified expression for the diffusion scavenging was developed by approximating the Cunningham slip correction *** derived analytic solution was parameterized as a simple power function of rain intensity under the assumption of the lognormal size distribution of *** resultant approximated expression was compared to the observed data and the results of previous studies including a 3D atmospheric chemical transport model *** with the default GEOS-Chem coefficient of 0.00106R0.61 and the observation-based coefficient of 0.0144R0.9268,the coefficient of a and b in∧m=aRb spread in the range of 0.0002-0.1959 for a and 0.3261-0.525 for b over a size distribution of GSD of 1.3–2.5 and a geometric mean diameter of 0.01-2.5μ***,this study showed that the scavenging coefficient varies widely by orders of magnitude according to the size distribution of particles and rain *** study also demonstrated that the obtained simplified expression could consider the theoretical approach of aerosol *** proposed analytic approach showed that results can be effectively applied for reduced computational burden in atmospheric modeling.

关键词： Below-cloud scavenging Polydisperse aerosol Parameterization Cunningham correction factor Scavenging coefficient

Statistical Prediction of Heavy rain in South Korea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2005年第5期22卷 703-710页

作者： Keon Tae SOHN Jeong Hyeong lee Soon Hwan lee Chan Su RYU Pusan National University Busan 609-735 KoreaDong-A University Busan 604-714 Korea Chosun University Gwangju 501-759 KoreaChosun University Gwangju 501-759 Korea

This study is aimed at the development of a statistical model for forecasting heavy rain in South Korea. For the 3-hour weather forecast system, the 10 km×10 km area-mean amount of rainfall at 6 stations （Seoul, Daejeon, Gangreung, （Jwangju, Busan, and Jeju） in South Korea are used. And the corresponding 45 synoptic factors generated by the numerical model are used as potential predictors. Four statistical forecast models （linear regression model, logistic regression model, neural network model and decision tree model） for the occurrence of heavy rain are based on the model output statistics （MOS） method. They are separately estimated by the same training data. The thresholds are considered to forecast the occurrence of heavy rain because the distribution of estimated values that are generated by each model is too skewed. The results of four models are compared via Heidke skill scores. As a result, the logistic regression model is recommended.

关键词： heavy rain model output statistics linear regression logistic regression neural networks,decision tree

Evaluation of carbon-based nanosorbents synthesised by ethylene decomposition on stainless steel substrates as potential sequestrating materials for nickel ions in aqueous solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第9期24卷 1559-1568页

作者： X.J.lee L.Y.lee L.P.Y.Foo D.G.Hassell Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia.

The present work covers the preparation of carbon-based nanosorbents by ethylene decomposition on stainless steel mesh without the use of external catalyst for the treatment of water containing nickel ions （Ni2＋）. The reaction temperature was varied from 650 to 850℃, while reaction time and ethylene to nitrogen flow ratio were maintained at 30 rain and 1：1 cma/min, respectively. Results show that nanosorbents synthesised at a reaction temperature of 650℃ had the smallest average diameter （75 nm）, largest BET surface area （68.95 m2/g） and least amount of impurity （0.98 wt.% Fe）. A series of batch sorption tests were performed to evaluate the effects of initial pH, initial metal concentration and contact time on Ni2~ removal by the nanosorbents. The equilibrium data fitted well to Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic data were best correlated to a pseudo second-order model indicating that the process was of chemisorption type. Further analysis by the Boyd kinetic model revealed that boundary layer diffusion was the controlling step. This primary study suggests that the prepared material with Freundiich constants compared well with those in the literature, is a promising sorbent for the sequestration of Ni2＋ in aqueous solutions.

关键词： adsorption nanosorbent nickel ions isotherms kinetics

Performance of LIDAR- and radar-based turbulence intensity measurement in comparison with anemometer-based turbulence intensity estimation based on aircraft data for a typical case of terrain-induced turbulence in association with a typhoon

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2013年第7期14卷 469-481页

作者： P.W.CHAN Y.F.lee Hong Kong Observatory

The Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) provides low-level turbulence alerting service for the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) through the windshear and turbulence warning system (WTWS). In the WTWS, turbulence intensities along the flight paths of the airport are estimated based upon correlation equations established between the surface anemometer data and the turbulence data from research aircraft before the opening of the airport. The research aircraft data are not available on day-to-day basis. The remote sensing meteorological instruments, such as the Doppler light detection and ranging (LIDAR) and radar, may be used to provide direct measurements of turbulence intensities over the runway corridors. The performances of LIDAR- and radar-based turbulence intensity data are studied in this paper based on actual turbulence intensity measurements made on 423 commercial jets for a typical case of terrain-induced turbulence in association with a typhoon. It turns out that, with the tuning of the relative operating characteristic (ROC) curve between hit rate and false alarm rate, the LIDAR-based turbulence intensity measurement performs better than the anemometer-based estimation of WTWS for turbulence intensity at moderate level or above. On the other hand, the radar-based measurement does not perform as well when compared with WTWS. By combining LIDAR- and radar-based measurements, the performance is slightly better than WTWS, mainly as a result of contribution from LIDAR-based measurement. As a result, the LIDAR-based turbulence intensity measurement could be used to replace anemometer-based estimate for non-rainy weather conditions. Further enhancements of radar-based turbulence intensity measurement in rain would be necessary.

关键词： Fault tolerant High availability quadruple vital computer (HAQVC) Reliability availability maintainability and safety (RAMS)

Classification of Precipitation Types Using Fall Velocity–Diameter Relationships from 2D-Video Distrometer Measurements

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第9期32卷 1277-1290页

作者： Jeong-Eun lee Sung-Hwa JUNG Hong-Mok PARK Soohyun KWON Pay-Liam LIN Gyu Won lee Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences Research and Training Team for Future Creative Astrophysicists and CosmologistsKyungpook National University Center for Atmospheric Remote Sensing Kyungpook National University Departmentof Atmospheric Sciences NCUTaipei

Fall velocity–diameter relationships for four different snowflake types（dendrite,plate,needle,and graupel） were investigated in northeastern South Korea,and a new algorithm for classifying hydrometeors is proposed for distrometric measurements based on the new *** ice crystals（approximately 40 000 particles） were measured with a two-dimensional video disdrometer（2DVD） during a winter experiment from 15 January to 9 April *** fall velocity–diameter relationships were derived for the four types of snowflakes based on manual classification by experts using snow photos and 2DVD measurements：the coefficients（exponents） for different snowflake types were 0.82（0.24） for dendrite,0.74（0.35） for plate,1.03（0.71） for needle,and 1.30（0.94） for graupel,*** new relationships established in the present study（PS） were compared with those from two previous *** types were classified with the derived fall velocity–diameter relationships,and the classification algorithm was evaluated using 3 × 3 contingency tables for one rain–snow transition event and three snowfall *** algorithm showed good performance for the transition event：the critical success indices（CSIs） were 0.89,0.61 and 0.71 for snow,wet-snow and rain,*** snow events,the algorithm performance for dendrite and plate（CSIs = 1.0 and 1.0,respectively） was better than for needle and graupel（CSIs = 0.67 and 0.50,respectively）.

关键词： snowflake types wet snow fall velocity–diameter hydrometeor type classification 2DVD

Incorporation of Parameter Uncertainty into Spatial Interpolation Using Bayesian Trans-Gaussian Kriging

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第3期32卷 413-423页

作者： Joon Jin SONG Soohyun KWON Gyu Won lee Department of Statistical Science Baylor UniversityUSA Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences Research and Training Team for Future Creative Astrophysicists and Cosmologist Kyungpook National UniversityRepublic of Korea

Quantitative precipitation estimation （QPE） plays an important role in meteorological and hydrological ***-based telemetered rain gauges are widely used to collect precipitation *** interpolation methods are commonly employed to estimate precipitation fields covering non-observed *** is a simple and popular geostatistical interpolation method,but it has two known problems：uncertainty underestimation and violation of *** paper tackles these problems and seeks an optimal spatial interpolation for QPE in order to enhance spatial interpolation through appropriately assessing prediction uncertainty and fulfilling the required *** this end,several methods are tested：transformation,detrending,multiple spatial correlation functions,and Bayesian *** particular,we focus on a short-term and time-specific rather than a long-term and event-specific *** paper analyzes a stratiform rain event with an embedded convection linked to the passing monsoon front on the 23 August *** from a total of 100 automatic weather stations are used,and the rainfall intensities are calculated from the difference of 15 minute accumulated rainfall observed every 1 *** one-hour average rainfall intensity is then calculated to minimize the measurement random ***-validation is carried out for evaluating the interpolation methods at regional and local *** a result,transformation is found to play an important role in improving spatial interpolation and uncertainty assessment,and Bayesian methods generally outperform traditional ones in terms of the criteria.

关键词： precipitation kriging transformation Bayesian kriging detrend Korea

Effect of ammonia gas etching on growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes/nanofibers

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第A1期21卷 130-134页

作者： Sang-Gook KIM Sooh-Yung KIM Hyung-Woo lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA National Core Research Center for Hybrid Materials Solution Pusan National University

The etching effect of ammonia （NH3） on the growth of vertically aligned nanotubes/nanofibers （CNTs） was investigated by direct-current plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition （DC-PECVD）. NH3 gas etches Ni catalyst layer to form nanoscale islands while NH3 plasma etches the deposited amorphous carbon. Based on the etching effect of NH3 gas on Ni catalyst, the differences of growing bundles of CNTs and single strand CNTs were discussed; specifically, the amount of optimal NH3 gas etching is different between bundles of CNTs and single strand CNTs. In contrast to the CNT carpet growth, the single strand CNT growth requires shorter etching time （5 min） than large catalytic patterns （10 rain） since nano dots already form catalyst islands for CNT growth. Through removing the plasma pretreatment process, the damage from being exposed at high temperature substrate occurring during the plasma generation time is minimized. High resolution transmission electron microscopy （HTEM） shows fishbone structure of CNTs grown by PECVD.

关键词： carbon nanotube ammonia etching nickel catalyst plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD)

Efficacy and safety of newly developed cross-linked dextran gel injection for glans penis augmentation with a novel technique

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 80-84页

作者： Dae Yul Yang Kyungtae Ko Seong Ho lee Du Geon Moon Jong Wook Kim Won Ki lee Department of Urology College of Medicine Hallym University Chuncheon Korea Department of Urology College of Medicine Korea University Seoul Korea.

There is no safe and effective standard method for glans penis augmentation. Furthermore, there has been scant research on glans penis augmentation due to a poor understanding of glans anatomy, technical difficulty, and a lack of suitable substances for augmentation. Cross-linked dextran gel is a newly developed filler for soft-tissue augmentation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of using a novel technique to inject cross-linked dextran gel for glans penis augmentation during a 24-week follow-up study. This prospective, single-arm, multicenter study enrolled twenty healthy adult men who underwent glans penis augmentation between June and August 2013. Cross-linked dextran gel was injected into the glans penis using a simple and easy technique. The sizes of the glans penis and individual satisfaction were assessed. Any adverse event was also reported. A total of 18 individuals were analyzed; two of them were lost to follow-up. The mean procedure time and injected volume were about 30 rain and 6.6 ＋- 0.9 ml, respectively. The mean surface areas of the glans at baseline and 24 weeks were 20.0 _＋ 3.5 cm2 and 33.6 -＋ 5.4 cm2, respectively, representing a mean increase of 68.7% _＋ 14.0% （P 〈 0.001）. Sixteen individuals （88.9%） were satisfied with the outcomes, and none were dissatisfied. There were no serious adverse events during the study. Cross-linked dextran gel injection for glans penis augmentation was easy and showed a significant augmentative effect on the glans penis, good durability, and was well tolerated without serious adverse events. Therefore, cross-linked dextran gel injection may be an effective, new technique for glans penis augmentation.

关键词： cosmetic technique dermal fillers dextran glans penis