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Bidirectional link between periodontitis and systemic inflammation in diabetic retinopathy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1651-1653页

作者： Prateek Nishant sony sinha Ranjeet Kumar sinha Arvind Kumar Morya Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia

Periodontitis is independently associated with numerous lifestyle *** patients have approximately threefold increased odds of periodontitis,which in turn increases the risk of systemic *** study by Thazhe Poyil et al is an effort to establish the inflammatory link between diabetic retinopathy(DR)and periodontitis based on the periodontal inflamed surface area in diabetic patients with and without *** further advance the study,we suggest refining the eligibility criteria to explicitly state the clinical correlates of periodontitis and DR,larger sample size and improved sampling methodology,matching of baseline characteristics of the two groups,as well as improved statistical approach and interpretation of the study *** of hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)in studies comparing type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with DR of matched severity with and without periodontitis could provide a clearer picture of whether HbA1c level is indeed influenced by periodontitis.

关键词： Glucose intolerance Hyperglycemia Inflammation Research methodology Vision

Nutrition interventions and clinical outcomes of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: More than meets the eye

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 126-128页

作者： sony sinha Prateek Nishant Ranjeet Kumar sinha Arvind Kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatnaPatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001DelhiIndia

In the retrospective study by Luo et al regarding clinical outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),the results are statistically significant in favour of the benefits of individualized nutrition interventions enumerated *** study has provided important evidence to improve maternal and child health in the Asian *** methods,however,appear to have considerable limi-tations,wherein the time point of diagnosis of GDM,severity of GDM,selection bias,compliance to therapy,important maternal covariates,observable microvascular abnormalities and the confounding effect of added insulin have not been *** have provided suggestions to improve the external validity of the study,including the use of Equator Network reporting guidelines and inclusion of overweight and obese patients in future studies.

关键词： Glucose intolerance Hyperglycemia Obesity Pregnancy Research methodology

Relationship between age and subfoveal choroidal thickness and its clinical implications

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第11期15卷 2251-2254页

作者： sony sinha Prateek Nishant Arvind K Morya Arshi Singh Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology Guru Nanak Eye CentreNew Delhi 110001New DelhiIndia

The retrospective study by Lei et al is an investigation of the relationship between age and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)in Chinese patients with proliferative diabetic *** of the study design prevent the generalizability of the study findings,limiting their clinical *** recommend consideration of stricter eligibility criteria,other variables like duration of diabetes,interpretation of gender-differences in SFCT,longitudinal follow-up,use of newer choroidal flow indices,comparison of values with normal controls,subgroup analysis to determine the effect of prior treatment,as well as consideration of various real-world scenarios in future studies.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy Optical coherence tomography Phenotypic sex Research design Visual acuity

Intraocular lens selection in diabetic patients:How to increase the odds for success

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1199-1211页

作者： Arvind Kumar Morya Prateek Nishant Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh sony sinha Aarti Heda Sarika Salodia Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801113BiharIndia Department of Glaucoma and Research Mahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedTrichy 620017Tamil NaduIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology National Institute of OphthalmologyPune 411000MaharashtraIndia Department of Safety Global Medical SafetyLundbeckSingapore 307591Singapore Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

The incidence of cataracts is significantly higher in diabetic individuals,particularly in younger age groups,with rates quadrupled in those under 65 and doubled in those over 65 compared to *** surgery in diabetic patients poses many challenges:Poor epithelial healing,decreased corneal sensitivity,increased central corneal thickness,decreased endothelial cell count,variable topography,poor pupillary dilatation,anterior capsular phimosis,posterior capsular opacification(PCO),chances of progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR),zonular weakness,and vitreous prolapse and diabetic macular *** of an appropriate intraocular lens(IOL)is crucial for visual rehabilitation and monitoring *** choice of IOL in diabetic cataract patients is a challenging ***-edge IOLs are favored for their capacity to mitigate PCO,whereas hydrophilic counterparts may incur calcification in the setting of proliferative *** advisability of premium IOLs for achieving spectacle independence warrants judicious evaluation,particularly in the presence of advanced *** IOL placement within the capsular bag is advocated to minimize postoperative *** preoperative assessment and informed patient counseling regarding IOL options are indispensable for optimizing surgical *** review article covers various aspects regarding the choice of IOLs in different case scenarios and complications in the diabetic population.

关键词： Diabetics Cataract Intraocular lens Diabetic retinopathy Diabetes mellitus

Axenfeld-Reiger syndrome: A search for the missing links

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第29期11卷 7034-7042页

作者： Arvind Kumar Morya Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh sony sinha Prateek Nishant Nazia Nain Ravi NaikRamavath Chetana Gone Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBibi NagarHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Glaucoma Medical Officer Mahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedThennurTrichy 620017Tamil NaduIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina and Oculoplasty All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001DelhiIndia

BACKGROUND Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome(ARS)is a rare cause of congenital glaucoma and may result in loss of *** is mostly autosomal dominant in nature characterized by developmental abnormalities in the angle of anterior chamber and iris of the eye,also associated with structural abnormalities in the *** To study and observe the demographics and clinical findings in a very rare ocular disease known as *** Case records of symptomatic patients attending Ophthalmology outpatient department and diagnosed to have ocular hypertension or glaucoma in 3 years from March 2017 to March 2020 were evaluated to search for cases diagnosed with *** of all patients diagnosed with ARS were then analysed for demographic and clinical characterization as well as management and success of *** Eight out of ten patients with positive clinical signs were symptomatic and had *** of these patients had limbal stem cell deficiency and another had vernal *** Clinical characterization of ARS is important for making a definitive diagnosis and determining prognosis.

关键词： Axenfeld-Reiger Syndrome Glaucoma Limbal stem cell deficiency Vernal keratoconjuctivitis

Ophthalmic complications of injectable facial fillers

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第34期12卷 6736-6739页

作者： Prateek Nishant Arvind Kumar Morya sony sinha Ranjeet Kumar sinha Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia

The recently published mini-review article by Miotti et al is an effort to clarify various aspects regarding the choice between fat grafts and fillers in facial aesthetic *** of the complications associated with the administration of fillers is the possibility of vascular injury and spread of the dermal filler into the orbit,causing unexpected effects at a site distant from that of the initial injection,including ophthalmoplegia,ptosis and even visual *** vision loss following filler injection is a devastating complication,occurring in up to 0.0008%of *** greatest risk of this complication occurs with nasal augmentation,followed by glabellar wrinkle *** injected autologous fat predominantly occludes the proximal portion of the ophthalmic artery,hyaluronic acid fillers obstruct the ophthalmic artery comparatively *** interventions include thrombolysis,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,oral aspirin,cobamamide and acetazolamide and administration of ***,most studies show a poor prognosis in the form of partial or no recovery of ***,prevention is of paramount importance.A high index of suspicion is also warranted on the part of both those administering as well as receiving injections of facial fillers to prevent potentially vision-threatening complications of this seemingly innocuous procedure.

关键词： Adverse effects Blindness Cosmetic techniques Dermal drug administration Hyaluronic acid Iatrogenic disease

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness and mechanical ventilation:A reciprocal relationship

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3644-3647页

作者： Ranjeet Kumar sinha sony sinha Prateek Nishant Arvind Kumar Morya Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegeBiharPatna 800004India Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesBiharPatna 801507India Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegeBiharPatna 801113India Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesTelanganaHyderabad 508126India

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW;ICD-10 Code:G72.81)is a syndrome of generalized weakness described as clinically detectable weakness in critically ill patients with no other credible *** risk factors for ICU-AW include hyperglycemia,parenteral nutrition,vasoactive drugs,neuromuscular blocking agents,corticosteroids,sedatives,some antibiotics,immobilization,the disease severity,septicemia and systemic inflammatory response syndrome,multiorgan failure,prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),high lactate levels,older age,female sex,and pre-existing systemic *** is a definite association between the duration of ICU stay and MV with ***,the interpretation that these are modifiable risk factors influencing ICU-AW,appears to be flawed,because the relationship between longer ICU stays and MV with ICU-AW is reciprocal and cannot yield clinically meaningful strategies for the prevention of *** strategies must be based on other risk *** multicentric randomized controlled trials as well as meta-analysis of such studies can be a more useful approach towards determining the influence of these risk factors on the occurrence of ICU-AW in different populations.

关键词： Critical illness Meta-analysis Morbidity Myopathy Polyneuropathy Risk factors

Novel automated non-invasive detection of ocular surface squamous neoplasia using artificial intelligence

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 51-64页

作者： sony sinha Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh Prateek Nishant Arvind Kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology–Vitreo Retina Neuro Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Department of Glaucoma and Research Mahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedTrichy 620017India Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801113India Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126India Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)is a common eye surface tumour,characterized by the growth of abnormal cells on the ocular *** includes invasive squamous cell carcinoma(SCC),in which tumour cells penetrate the basement membrane and infiltrate the stroma,as well as non-invasive conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia,dysplasia,and SCC in-situ thereby presenting a challenge in early detection and *** identification and precise demarcation of the OSSN border leads to straightforward and curative treatments,such as topical medicines,whereas advanced invasive lesions may need orbital exenteration,which carries a risk of *** intelligence(AI)has emerged as a promising tool in the field of eye care and holds potential for its application in OSSN *** algorithms trained on large datasets can analyze ocular surface images to identify suspicious lesions associated with OSSN,aiding ophthalmologists in early detection and *** can also track and monitor lesion progression over time,providing objective measurements to guide treatment ***,AI can assist in treatment planning by offering personalized recommendations based on patient data and predicting the treatment *** manuscript highlights the role of AI in OSSN,specifically focusing on its contributions in early detection and diagnosis,assessment of lesion progression,treatment planning,telemedicine and remote monitoring,and research and data analysis.

关键词： Conjunctival neoplasm Early detection of cancer Machine learning Deep neural network Precision medicine