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Prevalence and Seroprevalence of Non-SARS Human Coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in East Tyrol/Austria

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第7期11卷 125-139页

作者： sonnleitner Stefanie sonnleitner sissy Eva Hinterbichler Gernot Walder Dr. Gernot Walder GmbH Medical Laboratory Department of Virology Ausservillgraten Austria Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria

The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic renewed interest in other previously discovered human coronaviruses—the non-severe acute respiratory syndrome human coronavirus (non-SARS hCoVs) and this study is a starting point for a closer investigation of those. With the pandemic behind us we believe it to be important to also examine the current and past respiratory pathogen landscape in the patient population in our care. Therefore, 954 nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with respiratory diseases collected between October 2018 and March 2020 were tested against the pathogens Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis, Influenza A and virus, Human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, Parainfluenza virus, human Adenovirus and Polyoma virus BK/JC. Swabs negative against these pathogens were further tested for OC43 and 229E by RT-qPCR. Human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 were proven as the causative agents in a considerable number of cases, confirmed by PCR. Overall, our results show that those two non-SARS hCoVs were responsible for 13.9% (11 of 79) of infections with flu-like symptoms of unknown etiology in the study area. In the subsequent seroprevalence study, it was shown that the seroprevalence rate of IgG antibodies against 229E and OC43 was over 50%, indicating that a big part of the population in our study area has been in contact with these non-SARS-CoVs and has built the specific humoral immune response accordingly.

关键词： NonSARS Human Coronavirus hCoV hCoV OC43 hCoV 229E Respiratory Pathogens

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The mutational dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in serial passages in vitro

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第2期37卷 198-207页

作者： sissy Therese sonnleitner Stefanie sonnleitner Eva Hinterbichler Hannah Halbfurter Dominik BCKopecky Stephan Koblmüller Christian Sturmbauer Wilfried Posch Gernot Walder Dr.Gernot Walder GmbH Medical LaboratoryDepartment of VirologyAusservillgraten9931Austria Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruck6020Austria Institute of Biology University of GrazGraz8010Austria

Since its outbreak in 2019,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)keeps surprising the medical community by evolving diverse immune escape mutations in a rapid and effective *** gain deeper insight into mutation frequency and dynamics,we isolated ten ancestral strains of SARS-Co V-2 and performed consecutive serial incubation in ten replications in a suitable and common cell line and subsequently analysed them using RT-q PCR and whole genome *** those lines we hoped to gain fundamental insights into the evolutionary capacity of SARS-Co V-2 in *** results identified a series of adaptive genetic changes,ranging from unique convergent substitutional mutations and hitherto undescribed *** region coding for spike proved to be a mutational hotspot,evolving a number of mutational changes including the already known substitutions at positions S:484 and S:*** discussed the evolution of all specific adaptations as well as possible reasons for the seemingly inhomogeneous potential of SARS-Co V-2 in the adaptation to cell *** combination of serial passage in vitro with whole genome sequencing uncovers the immense mutational potential of some SARS-Co V-2 *** observed genetic changes of SARS-Co V-2 in vitro could not be explained solely by selectively neutral mutations but possibly resulted from the action of directional selection accumulating favourable genetic changes in the evolving variants,along the path of increasing potency of the *** among a high number of quasi-species in the SARS-Co V-2 in vitro population gene pool may reinforce directional selection and boost the speed of evolutionary change.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Whole genome sequencing(WGS) Mutational dynamics Adaptation Serial passage in vitro

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Comparison of Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 (Comirnaty) Vaccination Effects in Aged Adults with Special Consideration for the Effectiveness of the Three-Color iSpot in Assessing Immune Response

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第5期11卷 111-123页

作者： Stefanie sonnleitner sissy Therese sonnleitner Simone Obererlacher Gernot Walder Dr. Gernot Walder GmbH Medical Laboratory Department of Virology Ausservillgraten Austria Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria

Background: The roll-out of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was certainly among the fastest in medical history. Vaccination campaigns around the world began a year after the outbreak in 2019. When Austria started vaccinating the population in 2020, we took the opportunity to collect data from the first sets of patients receiving the vaccine in our study region of East Tyrol. Purpose: Many studies have been conducted examining the immunogenicity of the new vaccines using classic serological test methods in combination with an IFN-γ ELISpot. Undeniable disadvantages of using IFN-γ to characterize the status of the cellular immunity are that 1) being an acute phase cytokine, IFN-γ loses signal strength in the long run and 2) IFN-γ does not provide information about the involvement of T helper 2 (Th2) cells in the immune process. This implies that it can affect false negative data about the cell-mediated immune status. Method: Therefore, in addition to a chemiluminescent immunoassay and the enzymatic IFN-γ ELISpot, this study included a fluorescent ELISpot assay using precoated human SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ/IL-2/IL-5 ELISpot kits to show a more holistic overview on the involvement of T helper 1 (Th1) cells as signal senders of IL-2 and Th2 cells as senders of IL-5. Results and Conclusion: Our study confirms good immunogenicity of Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 (Comirnaty) with strong Th1 and vanishingly small Th2 participation. The fluorescent three color iSpot can improve the diagnostic results’ significance for the individual, especially when the infection has been longer in the past and the IFN-γ signal diminishes.

关键词： Three-Color iSpot Immune Response Vaccination

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可溶性硅酸盐在制革生产中的应用

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北京皮革（中外皮革信息版）（中） 2005年第10期 82-86页

作者： K.H. MUNZ R. sonnleitner 徐明骥（译）

在一个欧洲的研究开发计划中，奥地利，德国、意大利的皮革研究所和制革厂，共同开发了脱毛时应用硅酸钠作为石灰的替代物，同时将它用作裸皮的“固定剂”，以代替削里前的预鞣剂。在本研究中，证明了用硅酸盐在脱毛时代替石灰是完全可... 详细信息

在一个欧洲的研究开发计划中，奥地利，德国、意大利的皮革研究所和制革厂，共同开发了脱毛时应用硅酸钠作为石灰的替代物，同时将它用作裸皮的“固定剂”，以代替削里前的预鞣剂。在本研究中，证明了用硅酸盐在脱毛时代替石灰是完全可行的。用此方法生产的裸皮，比常法生产的更洁净，可更精确地剖层。同时也证明，用硅酸盐固定的裸皮，不必用预鞣剂，可直接进行削里。削革屑基本是原皮（或可以说接近原皮），比常见的革屑更易处理。用硅酸盐加工后，可使皮坯更易吸收后继加入的各种助剂。废水的荷负也因此减轻了，污泥的体积也小了。用扫描电子显微镜及微生物，还研究了硅酸盐及其他助荆的渗透及分布的情况。

关键词：可溶性硅酸盐制革生产应用研究开发计划扫描电子显微镜皮革研究所预鞣剂奥地利制革厂意大利

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Algae for Energy-Identification of the Most Promising Algal-Based Pathways for Fuels,Power And Heat in Austria

Algae for Energy-Identification of the Most Promising Algal-...

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The 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition

作者： Hingsamer,M. Jungmeier,G. K?nighofer,K. Rauch,R. Flammini,A. Bochmann,G. Drosg,B. Bacovsky,D. sonnleitner,A.

The use of renewable energy is one option for reducing the greenhouse gas（GHG） *** is one of the most important renewable energy sources in *** estimates of the potential of agricultural and forest biomass to contribute to Austria’s energy system are available,estimates of algae’s potential are at an early stage of *** overview of the current stage of development as well as the potential of algae use in the energy sector is *** order to determine the potential role of algae for Austria’s energy system,9 algal-based energy pathways（*** of biodiesel,bioethanol or biomethane） in Austria for 2020 and 2050 are identified.A sustainability assessment including technological,economic,environmental and energy economic analyses is done for the identified pathways.

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