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On the connotation, challenge and significance of China’s “energy independence” strategy

Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第2期47卷 449-462页

作者： ZOU Caineng pan songqi ZHAO Qun Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

The world’s energy is in the "third major transformation period" from fossil energy to new energy, and all countries in the world have formulated energy development strategies. Through advanced deployment, the United States is about to achieve "energy independence" relying on "unconventional oil and gas revolution". China’s energy development is faced with four challenges:(1) The population base and economic development scale determine the "totally huge amount" of energy consumption;(2) the "coal rich but oil and gas insufficient" resource structure determines the "unclean" energy consuming structure;(3) the increasing dependence on imported oil and gas determines the "unsafe" energy supply;and(4) the unconventional oil and gas endowment makes it impossible to achieve energy independence by copying the American model. From the perspective of the world energy trend and the unique situation of China’s energy, we put forward a "three-step" strategy for China to achieve "energy independence": From 2020 to 2035, "energy supply security" will be addressed by "cleaning coal, stabilizing oil and gas production and vigorously developing new alternative energy";from 2035 to 2050, the vision of "production independence" will be realized by relying on "domestic production and overseas oil and gas mining rights";from 2050 to 2100, "intelligent energy and new energy" will help China realize "energy independence". The two important signs of China’s "energy independence" are that domestic production accounts for more than 90% of the domestic consumption and clean energy production accounts for more than 70%, and energy security realizes "independence and self-control" and "long-term security". The strategic significance of "energy independence" is to ensure national energy security, drive the development of relevant major industries, achieve energy management reform, and implement the environmental protection goal of zero carbon emissions. The "energy independence" of China is a st

关键词： energy independence energy revolution intelligent energy coal unconventional oil and gas new energy energy long march

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Identification of sweet spots in shale-type and siltstone-type“shale oil systems”:A case study of the Chang 7 Member in Ordos Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1647-1663页

作者： songqi pan Qiulei GUO Caineng ZOU Zhenhua JING Ming YUAN Ying HE He ZHENG Ying MU Zhi YANG Shixiang LI Xinping ZHOU Songtao WU Hanlin LIU Feng YANG Yuanjia HAN Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery Beijing 100083China School of Earth Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChinaXi’an 710018China

Mid-high maturity shale oil is the most realistic field for the scale breakthrough of terrestrial shale oil production in ***,three deficiencies hinder shale oil development in China:heavy oil density,small sweet spot areas,and poor distribution ***,identifying the“sweet spots”in shale oil reservoirs is critical for the efficient exploration and development of terrestrial shale *** study targets the siltstone type(Class-Ⅱshale oil)and pure shale type(Class-Ⅲshale oil)of the Chang 7 Member in the Ordos Basin,and identifies three stratigraphic units,namely the hydrocarbon accumulation unit,hydrocarbon generation unit,and hydrocarbon retention unit,which together constitute the in-source“shale oil system”.The hydrocarbon accumulation unit is mainly siltstone,where the hydrocarbons are migrated from *** has favorable porethroat network connectivity with a pore connectivity ratio of 32–57%,being the siltstone-type sweet *** hydrocarbon generation unit is mainly composed of high-TOC mudstone/shale and is the main contributor to in-source hydrocarbon generation and *** unit has high three-dimensional connectivity(28–30%),as shown by the pore-throat network model,associated with vertical paths for hydrocarbon *** hydrocarbon retention unit is mainly composed of low-TOC mudstone/shale retaining self-generated and migrated *** pore connectivity rate is 17–42%,and the pore-throat network connectivity direction is *** and low-carbon-number hydrocarbons are preferentially trapped or even sealed in small pores of the retention unit,forming the typical mudstone/shale-type sweet *** the process called shale oil intrasource migration,the oil migrates in source rocks causing component fractionation,which allows more shale oil to enrich in the hydrocarbon accumulation and retention units to form sweet spots,compared with the hydrocarbon generation *** migration paths include the one from muds

关键词： Shale oil system Hydrocarbon accumulation unit Hydrocarbon generation unit Hydrocarbon retention unit Differentiated enrichment Sweet spots window Pore-throat network Throat direction

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Why Can China Realize the Continental“Shale Oil Revolution”?

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1324-1327页

作者： Caineng Zou Zhi Yang Guoxin Li Jianzhong Li Xianyang Liu Yong Tang Tao Jiang Yu Yang Xuefeng Bai songqi pan Minghui Lu Zhengdong Lei Bo Cai PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company Dunhuang 736202China PetroChina Tuha Oilfield Company Hami 839009China PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an 710018China PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay834000China PetroChina Jilin Oilfield Company Songyuan138000China PetroChina Southwest Oil and gas field company Chengdu610000China PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Comapny Ltd. Daqing163712China

0 INTRODUCTION Continental shale oil is a strategic alternative resource to ensure the safety of national oil supply and improve the level of industrial *** is a large country of continental oil resources,accounting for 90%of the total onshore oil resources;and China is also a major producer of continental oil,accounting for about 93%of the total oil production(Yang et al.,2019;Jia et al.,2018).

关键词： Continental shale accounting

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Characteristics,Types,and Prospects of Geological Sweet Sections in Giant Continental Shale Oil Provinces in China

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1260-1277页

作者： Zhi Yang Caineng Zou Songtao Wu songqi pan Xiaoni Wang Haitao Liu Wenqi Jiang Jiarui Li Qiyan Li Xiaobing Niu Guohui Li Zhenxing Tang Xuguang Guo Dong Huang Qizhao Wei Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871 School of Energy China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield CompanyXi'an 710021China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Daqing Oilfield CompanyDaqing 163712China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Jilin Oilfield CompanySongyuan 138000China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKelamay 834000China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield CompanyChengdu 610051China

“Sweet sections”in giant shale oil provinces are preferential fields that primarily support China to increase the reserves and production of continental shale *** on the study of the geological conditions of shale oil in the continental basins in China,it was found that the shale stratum in major oil generation windows generally has higher degrees of oil and gas accumulation,and mostly contains *** generation and reservoir capacities are the two key parameters for evaluating and optimizing favorable shale oil *** evaluation index(volume of shale stratum multiplied by total organic carbon(TOC)multiplied by total porosity)for the giant continental shale oil provinces is also *** is optimized that the Upper Triassic Chang 7 Member in the southcentral Ordos Basin,Lower Cretaceous Qing 1 Member in the Gulong-Changling Sag in the Songliao Basin,Middle-Lower Permian in the Junggar Basin,Da’anzhai Member of the Ziliujing Formation of Lower Jurassic in the central and northern Sichuan Basin,and Paleogene oil-rich sag in the Bohai Bay Basin are the five giant continental shale oil *** word“geological sweet sections”in continental shale oil provinces of China refers to favorable shale intervals which are relatively rich in oil,with superior physical properties,and more easily modified and developed commercially under applicable economic and technological *** evaluation,there are mainly two types of“geological sweet sections”of giant continental shale oil developed onshore in *** type of“geological sweet sections”is generally mudstone with optimal physical properties or a thin tight reservoir,to which the shale oil migrates a short *** are medium-to-high-mature zones with a thin sandy shale stratum in the Chang 7 Member in the Ordos Basin,mixed shale stratum in the mediummature Lucaogou Formation in the Jimsar Sag,and multi-layered mixed Paleogene shale stratum in the Bohai Bay *** other type of“ge

关键词： continental shale oil shale stratum geological sweet section source rock oil micro-nano pore throats laminae lamination free hydrocarbons shale oil revolution petroleum geology

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Global energy transition revolution and the connotation and pathway of the green and intelligent energy system

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2023年第3期50卷 722-740页

作者： ZOU Caineng MA Feng pan songqi ZHAO Qun FU Guoyou ZHANG Guosheng YANG Yichao YU Hao LIANG Yingbo LIN Minjie WANG Ying XIONG Bo LIU Hanlin PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

The essence of energy system transition is the"energy revolution':The development of the"resource-dominated"energy system with fossil energy as the mainstay has promoted human progress,but it has also triggered energy crisis and ecological environment crisis,which is not compatible with the new demands of the new round of scientific and technological revolution,industrial transformation,and sustainable human *** is in urgent need to research and develop a new-type energy system in the context of carbon *** the framework of"technique-dominated"new green and intelligent energy system with"three new"of new energy,new power and new energy storage as the mainstay,the"super energy basin"concepts with the Ordos Basin,Nw China as a representative will reshape the concept and model of future energy exploration and *** view of the"six inequalities"in global energy and the resource conditions of"abundant coal,insufficient oil and gas and infinite new energy"in China,it is suggested to deeply boost"China energy revolution',sticking to the six principles of independent energy production,green energy supply,secure energy reserve,efficient energy consumption,intelligent energy management,economical energy cost;enhance"energy scientific and technological innovation"by implementing technique-dominated"four major science and technology innovation projects',namely,clean coal project,oil production stabilization and gas production increasing project,new energy acceleration project,and green-intelligent energy project;implement"energy transition"by accelerating the green-dominated"four-modernization development',namely,fossil energy cleaning,large-scale new energy,coordinated centralized energy distribution,intelligent multi-energy management,so as to promote the exchange of two 80%s"in China's energy structure and construct the new green and intelligent energy system.

关键词： carbon neutrality new energy energy revolution primitive energy system ancient energy system neoteric energy system modern energy system new-type energy system green and intelligent energy system super energy basin Ordos Basin

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碳中和背景下世界能源转型与中国式现代化能源革命

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石油科技论坛 2024年第1期43卷 1-17页

作者：邹才能熊波李士祥马锋潘松圻刘翰林张国生赵群关春晓中石油深圳新能源研究院有限公司中国石油勘探开发研究院

全球碳中和共识与地区冲突加剧的背景下,新能源已成为各个国家实现能源安全和绿色发展的主要方向。以风能、光能、地热能、氢能、储能、可控核聚变等为代表的新能源技术和规模优势正在不断增强,低成本风能、太阳能、储能将支撑全球能源... 详细信息

全球碳中和共识与地区冲突加剧的背景下,新能源已成为各个国家实现能源安全和绿色发展的主要方向。以风能、光能、地热能、氢能、储能、可控核聚变等为代表的新能源技术和规模优势正在不断增强,低成本风能、太阳能、储能将支撑全球能源转型,新能源生产与利用进入快速发展时期,2022年世界新能源消费平均占比达18.2%,预计2050年占比达到55%左右。世界能源在资源、消费地域、技术发展、人均消费量、节能领域、碳排放等存在分布不均的情况,化石能源低碳化提速、新能源规模化提速、能源管理智慧化提速的“三化提速”推动世界能源加快转型。中国式现代化强调人与自然和谐共生,积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和,深入推进能源革命,坚持“六性原则”,即能源生产的“独立性”、能源供给的“绿色性”、能源储备的“安全性”、能源消费的“高效性”、能源管理的“智慧性”、能源成本的“经济性”,加快规划建设新能源为主、新电力为主、新储能为主、新智慧能源为主“四个为主”绿色智慧的新型能源体系,确保能源安全。目前中国是能源大国但不是能源强国,能源消费结构有待进一步优化。中国能源安全发展新战略是能源消费革命、能源供给革命、能源技术革命、能源体制革命、全方面加强国际合作的“四个革命、一个合作”,推动中国能源革命和能源供应格局转变,由2022年含碳化石能源消费占比80%以上、碳基能源CO_(2)排放80%以上,转变到2060年非碳新能源消费占比80%以上、CO_(2)排放减少80%以上。加快新能源革命是建设能源强国、实现中国能源独立与民族复兴的战略选择,对实现“双碳”目标、构建新型绿色能源体系与建立绿色生态地球意义重大。

关键词：碳中和新能源能源转型新型能源体系能源革命能源消费能源安全能源独立

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碳中和“超级能源系统”内涵、路径及意义——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例

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石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 924-936页

作者：邹才能李士祥熊波陈艳鹏张国生谢小平刘翰林马锋梁英波朱凯关春晓潘松圻侯梅芳袁懿琳罗双涵中石油深圳新能源研究院有限公司深圳518000 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 西南石油大学经济管理学院成都610000

超级含油气盆地为推动社会进步和人类发展提供了能源基础,在气候变化与“碳达峰碳中和”背景下,构建兼顾能源生产与碳中和的“超级能源系统”是转型方向。在加快构建以新能源、新电力、新储能、新智能“四新为主”的绿色+智慧能源体系... 详细信息

超级含油气盆地为推动社会进步和人类发展提供了能源基础,在气候变化与“碳达峰碳中和”背景下,构建兼顾能源生产与碳中和的“超级能源系统”是转型方向。在加快构建以新能源、新电力、新储能、新智能“四新为主”的绿色+智慧能源体系框架下,以巨量地下煤炭/石油/天然气/地热与地上丰富风光能源资源高度叠合、化石能源与新能源融合协同开发利用的区域性智慧用能系统构成的“超级能源系统”与以碳循环为主线的碳中和系统相融合,在传统含油气盆地中研究选择具备建成世界级能源生产与碳中和示范大基地条件的碳中和“超级能源盆地”。鄂尔多斯盆地区位优势明显,化石能源和新能源资源丰富,CO_(2)源汇匹配优势显著,具备建成世界级能源生产与碳中和盆地的基础条件,以鄂尔多斯盆地为代表的碳中和“超级能源盆地”给出了传统含油气盆地转型方向。“煤炭+石油+天然气+新能源+CCUS(碳捕集、利用与封存)/CCS(碳捕集与封存)”融合发展理念与模式下,盆地区域内基本实现碳中和,进一步夯实能源生产保供能力,助力“双碳”目标实现,建立现代能源产业体系,推动地区绿色可持续发展。在中国率先建成以鄂尔多斯盆地为代表的世界级碳中和“超级能源系统”示范盆地,将重塑超级能源盆地勘探开发新理念与新模式,对全球“碳中和”下的能源革命具有重大意义。

关键词：超级能源系统碳中和系统碳中和“超级能源系统” 碳中和“超级能源盆地” 鄂尔多斯盆地

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“Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen”: Shale oil and gas in Sichuan Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第7期63卷 934-953页

作者： Caineng ZOU Zhi YANG Shasha SUN Qun ZHAO Wenhua BAI Honglin LIU songqi pan Songtao WU Yilin YUAN PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China

The Sichuan Basin is rich in shale oil and gas resources,with favorable geological conditions that the other shale reservoirs in China cannot ***,the basin is an ideal option for fully"exploring petroleum inside source kitchen"with respect to onshore shale oil and gas in *** paper analyzes the characteristics of shale oil and gas resources in the United States and China,and points out that maturity plays an important role in controlling shale oil and gas *** shale oil and gas exhibit high proportions of light hydrocarbon and wet gas,whereas Chinese marine and transitional shale gas is mainly dry gas and continental shale oil is generally heavy.A comprehensive geological study of shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin reveals findings with respect to the following three ***,there are multiple sets of organic-rich shale reservoirs of three types in the basin,such as the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation marine shale,Permian Longtan Formation transitional shale,Triassic Xujiahe Formation lake-swamp shale,and Jurassic lacustrine *** shale gas enrichment is mainly controlled by four elements:Deep-water shelf facies,moderate thermal evolution,calcium-rich and silicon-rich rock association,and closed roof/***,the"sweet section"is generally characterized by high total organic carbon,high gas content,large porosity,high brittle minerals content,high formation pressure,and the presence of lamellation/bedding and natural ***,the"sweet area"is generally characterized by very thick organic-rich shale,moderate thermal evolution,good preservation conditions,and shallow burial depth,which are exemplified by the shale oil and gas in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation,Longtan Formation,and Daanzhai Member of the Ziliujing ***,the marine,transitional,and continental shale oil and gas resources in the Sichuan Basin account for 50%,25%,and 30%of the res

关键词： Shale oil Shale gas Marine facies Continental facies Transitional facies Resource potential Sweet area Sweet section Source rock oil and gas Shale oil and gas revolution "Sichuan-Chongqing Daqing-Gas"

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Theory, Technology and Practice of Unconventional Petroleum Geology

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第4期34卷 951-965页

作者： Caineng Zou Zhi Yang Guosheng Zhang Rukai Zhu Shizhen Tao Xuanjun Yuan Lianhua Hou Dazhong Dong Qiulin Guo Yan Song Qiquan Ran Zhen Qiu Songtao Wu Feng Ma Bin Bai Lan Wang Bo Xiong songqi pan Hanlin Liu Xiaoni Wang PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 10083China

0 INTRODUCTION The breakthroughs in unconventional petroleum have a great impact on world petroleum industry and innovation in petroleum geology(Dou et al,2022;Jia,2017;Zou et al.,2015b,2014a;Yerkin,2012;Pollastro,2007;Schmoker,1995).The exploration and development evolution from conventional petroleum to unconventional petroleum and more and more frequent industrial activities of exploring petroleum inside sources kitchen have deepened theoretical understanding of unconventional petroleum geology and promoted technical research and development(Jia et al.,2021,2017;Jin et al.,2021;Zhao W Z et al.,2020;Ma Y S et al.,2018,2012;Zou et al.,2018b,2016,2009;Dai et al.,2012).We have introduced and extended the theory of continuous hydrocarbon accumulation since 2008 and published several papers/books(in Chinese and English)with respect to unconventional petroleum geology since 2009,basically forming the theoretical framework for this discipline(Yang et al.,2022a,2021a,2019a,,2015a;Zou et al.,2019c,2017b,2014a,,2013a).In this paper,we present the background of unconventional petroleum geology,review the latest theoretical and technological progress in unconventional petroleum geology,introduce relevant thinking and practices in China,and explore the pathway of unconventional petroleum revolution and multi-energy coordinated development in super energy basins,hopefully to promote the unconventional petroleum geology and industry development.

关键词： unconventional petroleum geology conventional-unconventional petroleum geology source rock oil and gas oil and gas in source rock stratum fine-grained sediment microscale to nanoscale pore throat continuous hydrocarbon accumulation artificial hydrocarbon reservoir exploring petroleum inside source kitchen shale revolution coal rock revolution chemical transformation within source super energy basin.

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LA-ICPMS in-situ U-Pb Geochronology of Low-Uranium Carbonate Minerals and Its Application to Reservoir Diagenetic Evolution Studies

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 872-879页

作者： Entao Liu Jian-Xin Zhao Hua Wang songqi pan Yuexing Feng Qianglu Chen Faye Liu Jiasheng Xu State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development Beijing 100083China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Minerals Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Radiogenic Isotope Facility School of Earth and Environmental Sciencesthe University of QueenslandBrisbane Qld 4072Australia PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

Reconstruction of the diagenetic evolution of reservoirs is one of the most significant tasks in oil and gas exploration and *** the accurate timing of diagenetic events is critical to better understand the process of reservoir evolution,but the isotope dating of diagenetic events is technically *** paper uses three case studies in the sedimentary basins in China to demonstrate the promising application of recently developed LA-(MC)-ICPMS in-situ U-Pb *** results show that the new U-Pb dating method provides a reliable and efficient chronological approach to determine the absolute ages of diagenetic *** example,the U-Pb age data of the Cambrian carbonate reservoir in the Tarim Basin reveals three diagenetic events at 526±14,515±21,and 481±4.6 Ma,*** is worth noting that microscopic observations are particularly important for improving the success rate of U-Pb *** addition,the recent progress and future prospects in the in-situ U-Pb dating method are also discussed in this study,suggesting that this method is currently hindered by the lack of international carbonate standards for data correction.

关键词： LA-ICPMS U-Pb geochronology carbonate minerals diagenetic evolution reservoir sedimentary basin

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