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Blubber fatty acid compositions in different geographic populations of finless porpoise in Chinese waters:implications for thermal adaptation

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第4期17卷 638-655页

作者： Bin TANG Ya ZHANG Peijun ZHANG songhai li Jinsong ZHENG Wenqiao TANG Kexiong WANG Ding WANG Yujiang HAO Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina College of Fisheries and life Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina

The stratification of blubber fatty acids(FAs)is a widely used strategy in marine mammals and can be influenced by many factors,including their diet,environmental temperature,and physiological status.There are 3 distinct finless porpoise species/subspecies in Chinese coastal and inland waters in a wide range from 20°N to 40°N.The biochemical stratification of the blubbers of finless porpoises in different regions may provide valuable information for understanding their environmental adaptations.The FA compositions of 4 geographic populations of finless porpoise(FP)collected from the Bohai Gulf,East China Sea,South China Sea,and Yangtze River were therefore analyzed and compared.The blubber FA compositions of finless porpoises were dominated by∑MUFAs,followed by∑SFAs and∑PUFAs,and were generally consistent with those of other cetaceans.The blubber of finless porpoises was significantly stratified with increasing levels of∑MUFAs and decreasing levels of∑SFAs and∑PUFAs from the inner to the outer layers.The 3 marine populations shared more similarities in their FA compositions and stratifications compared to the freshwater porpoises,particularly regarding the PUFAs in the inner layers,which might have been mainly influenced by the diet compositions of marine and freshwater porpoises.Contrary to what was expected,in the 3 marine populations,the SFA and MUFA levels showed opposite correlations(negative and positive,respectively)with habitat temperatures,possibly indicating an adaptation mechanism in finless porpoises characterized by a trade-off between the insulation and fluidity properties of the blubber through the adjustment of the compositions and gradients of MUFAs and SFAs across the blubber depth in response to environmental temperature/latitude changes.

关键词： blubber fatty acids finless porpoise thermal adaptation

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Mapping the fishing intensity in the coastal waters off Guangdong province, China through AIS data

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第1期2卷 38-48页

作者： Shenglan Chen Wenzhi lin Chen Zeng Binshuai liu Agathe Serres songhai li Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanya572000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai510080China School of Law Zhongnan University of Economics and LawWuhan430073China

Fishing activities result in a depletion of fish resources and an increase in bycatch probability of non-target species,which are thought to be the cause of the recent demographic change experienced by coastal cetaceans in waters off Guangdong province,China.However,fishing intensity and its spatiotemporal pattern remain poorly examined in this region.Here,random daily tracks from 100 fishing vessels were used to estimate fishing operations in the coastal waters off Guangdong province.The performance of two methods was tested with Automatic Identification System(AIS)data collected in the Pearl River Delta region(PRD).This assessment found that the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN)could falsely identify port regions as fishing grounds,while the speed-based method provided a more accurate estimate of fishing grounds with less computational effort.Subsequently,the spatiotemporal pattern of fishing intensity in the coastal waters off the entire Guangdong province was examined with the speed-based method.Our results showed that 87.75%of the coastal fishing activities occurred in waters<40 m in depth.The method detected two spatially heterogeneous fishing grounds extending from the PRD to either the west or east sides of Guangdong province.In the west fishing ground,43.4%of fishing vessels operated in the waters off Yangjiang city;while in the east fishing ground,fishing activities were more evenly distributed.The present study suggests that the AIS is able to provide high-resolution data to monitor the development of fishing activities,which may be useful for informing marine resource management and spatial planning.

关键词： Fishing activity Fishing effort Fisheries management Pearl River Delta Marine stress

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Research on whales,dolphins,and porpoises

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 434-439页

作者： songhai li Mingming liU Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina

INTRODUCTION This special issue of Integrative Zoology(the official journal of the International Society of Zoological Sciences and the Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences)presents recent research progress on whales,dolphins,and porpoises,with focus on those in relatively less investigated waters,such as waters off China,Sri Lanka,and Chile.In this issue,we showed the use of diverse research methods,analytical technologies,and multi-disciplinary tools,with involvement of both large whales,such as the blue whale(Balaenoptera musculus).

关键词： dolphin journal involvement

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The biogeography of group sizes in humpback dolphins(Sousa spp.)

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 527-537页

作者： Mingming liU Mingli liN David LUSSEAU songhai li Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK National Institute of Aquatic Resources Technical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of SingaporeSingapore

Humpback dolphins(Sousa spp.)are obligate shallow-water and resident species,and they typically live in fission–fusion societies composed of small-sized groups with changeable membership.However,we have scant knowledge of their behavioral ecology,starting with potential factors influencing inter-population variability of their group sizes.Here,we compiled a new global dataset of humpback dolphin group sizes based on 150 published records.Our data indicated an inter-specific consistency of group-living strategy among the 4 species in the Sousa genus,as these species preferred living in small-sized groups with a mean size of mostly no more than 10,a minimum size of single individual or small pairs,and a maximum size of several tens or≈100.In addition,we clearly showed the geographic variations in group sizes of humpback dolphins at a global scale.We found that the geographic variations in humpback dolphin group sizes were primarily associated with the latitude,sea surface temperature,and abundance.To conclude,our findings provide insights into social dynamics and socioecological trade-offs of humpback dolphins,and help better understand how these resident animals adapted to their shallow-water habitats from the perspectives of biogeography and socioecology.

关键词： biogeography geographic variations group size habitat humpback dolphins social dynamics socioecology

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Novel insights into the spatial genetic patterns of the finless porpoise from East to Southeast Asia

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第1期2卷 86-95页

作者： Wenzhi lin liyuan Zhao Shenglan Chen Watchara Sakornwimon Reyilamu Aierken Kongkiat Kittiwattanawong Xianyan Wang songhai li Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesXiamenChina Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen361005China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Marine and Coastal Resources Research Center The Middle Gulf of ThailandChumphonThailand Phuket Marine Biological Research Center PhuketThailand

Several cetacean species are endemically distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific.Due to disproportionate sampling and research efforts across the Indo-Pacific region,the spatial genetic structure of these species remains poorly understood.This has led to poor phylogeographic knowledge and ambiguous taxonomic classification of many Indo-Pacific cetacean species.Of these,the finless porpoise(genus Neophocaena)is a small cetacean obligatory to the inshore waters from East Asia to the Persian Gulf of the Indian Ocean.To date,two species are generally recognized:the narrow-ridged finless porpoise inhabiting temperate and subtropical waters,and wideridged finless porpoises inhabiting subtropical and tropical waters.Early research efforts focused on the temperate waters off the northern China.However,recent studies have proposed that the primary divergence within the genus may lie between the Indian Ocean and Pacific region,which remains to be tested with more samples from tropical and subtropical regions.Here,we examined the genetic relationship among the finless porpoises from the Gulf of Thailand to the Taiwan Strait using both mitochondrial and autosomal markers.Bayesian assignment analysis suggested a minimum of four genetic populations within the study areas,corresponding to the narrowridged finless porpoise from the Taiwan Strait(TWSn),and the three wide-ridged finless porpoise populations from the Taiwan Strait(TWSw),Pearl River Delta region(PRDw),and the Gulf of Thailand(Thaiw),respectively.The minimum spanning network of the mtDNA control region found shared haplotypes among finless porpoises in Chinese waters,but those from the Gulf of Thailand formed a unique matriline lineage.Consistently,the genetic differentiation or divergence within the South China Sea(Thaiw vs.PRDw)appears to be higher than that of most finless porpoise populations examined to date,and meets the threshold values of species or sub-species level proposed for the cetacean species.The Mantel test detected a strong correlation between the g

关键词： Neophocaena spp Indo-Pacific region Control region Microsatellite Individual assignment

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Genome-Wide Identification of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) CKX Gene Family and Expression Analysis in the Callus Tissue under Zeatin Treatment

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1143-1158页

作者： Zhengfeng Lai Dongmei lian Shaoping Zhang Yudong Ju Bizhen lin Yunfa Yao songhai Wu Jianji Hong Zhou li Subtropical Agriculture Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhangzhou363005China

The cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase(CKX)enzyme is essential for controlling theﬂuctuating levels of endogen-ous cytokinin(CK)and has a signiﬁcant impact on different aspects of plant growth and development.Nonethe-less,there is limited knowledge about CKX genes in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.).Here we performed genome-wide identiﬁcation and analysis of nine SlCKX family members in tomatoes using bioinformatics tools.The results revealed that nine SlCKX genes were unevenly distributed onﬁve chromosomes(Chr.1,Chr.4,Chr.8,Chr.10,and Chr.12).The amino acid length,isoelectric points,and molecular weight of the nine SlCKX proteins ranged from 453 to 553,5.77 to 8.59,and 51.661 to 62.494 kD,respectively.Subcellular localization analysis indi-cated that SlCKX2 proteins were located in both the vacuole and cytoplasmic matrix;SlCKX3 and SlCKX5 pro-teins were located in the vacuole;and SlCKX1,4,6,7,8,and 9 proteins were located in the cytoplasmic matrix.Furthermore,we observed differences in the gene structures and phylogenetic relationships of SlCKX proteins among different members.SlCKX1-9 were positioned on two out of the three branches of the CKX phylogenetic tree in the multispecies phylogenetic tree construction,revealing their strong conservation within phylogenetic subgroups.Unique patterns of expression of CKX genes were noticed in callus cultures exposed to varying con-centrations of exogenous ZT,suggesting their roles in speciﬁc developmental and physiological functions in the regeneration system.These results may facilitate subsequent functional analysis of SlCKX genes and provide valu-able insights for establishing an efﬁcient regeneration system for tomatoes.

关键词： Tomato SlCKX gene family phylogenetic relationships trans-zeatin expression pattern

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Temporal variation of the underwater soundscape in Jiaotou Bay,an Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin(Sousa chinensis)habitat off Hainan Island,China

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 477-498页

作者： lijun DONG Jianchen DONG Francesco CARUSO likun ZHAO songhai li Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringSanyaChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of SingaporeSingapore Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina

The underwater soundscape is an important ecological element affecting numerous aquatic animals,in particular dolphins,which must identify salient cues from ambient ocean noise.In this study,temporal variations in the soundscape of Jiaotou Bay were monitored from February 2016 to January 2017,where a population of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)has recently been a regular sighting.An autonomous acoustic recorder was deployed in shallow waters,and 1/3-octave band sound pressure levels(SPLs)were calculated with central frequencies ranging from 25 Hz to 40 kHz,then were grouped into 3 subdivided bands via cluster analysis.SPLs at each major band showed significant differences on a diel,fishing-related period,seasonal,and tidal phase scale.Anthropogenic noise generated by passing ships and underwater explosions were recorded in the study area.The fish and dolphin acoustic activities both exhibited diel and seasonal variations,but no tidal cycle patterns.A negative significant relationship between anthropogenic sound detection rates and dolphin detection rates were observed,and fish detection rates showed no effect on dolphin detection rates,indicating anthropogenic activity avoidance and no forced foraging in dolphins in the study area.The results provide fundamental insight into the acoustic dynamics of an important Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin habitat within a coastal area affected by a rapid increase in human activity,and demonstrate the need to protect animal habitat from anthropogenic noises.

关键词： acoustic monitoring anthropogenic noise dolphin detection rate sound pressure level temporal difference

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Microbial diversity and structure in the gastrointestinal tracts of two stranded short-finned pilot whales(Globicephala macrorhynchus)and a pygmy sperm whale(Kogia breviceps)

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 324-335页

作者： Shijie BAI Peijun ZHANG Mingli liN Wenzhi liN Zixin YANG songhai li Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina

Information on the gut microbiome composition of different mammals could provide novel insights into the evolution of mammals and succession of microbial communities in different hosts.However,there is limited information on the gut microbiome composition of marine mammals,especially cetaceans because of sampling constraints.In this study,we investigated the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the stomach,midgut,and hindgut of 2 stranded short-finned pilot whales(Globicephala macrorhynchus)and hindgut of a stranded pygmy sperm whale(Kogia breviceps)by using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technology.On the basis of the 50 most abundant operational taxonomic units,principal coordinate analysis,and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis,we confirmed that the gut microbial communities of the 3 whales were different.Our results revealed that the gut microbiome of 1 stranded short-finned pilot whale GM16 was dominated by Firmicutes(mainly Clostridium)and Fusobacteria;whereas that of the other pilot whale GM19 was composed of Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes(mainly Vibrio and Bacteroides,respectively),probably caused by intestinal disease and antibiotic treatment.The gut microbiome of the pygmy sperm whale was dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.Moreover,different gastrointestinal tract regions harbored different microbial community structures.To our knowledge,this is the first report of the gut microbiome of short-finned pilot whales,and our findings will expand our current knowledge on microbial diversity and composition in the gastrointestinal tract of cetaceans.

关键词： gastrointestinal tract gut microbiome microbial diversity pygmy sperm whale(Kogia breviceps) short-finned pilot whale(Globicephala macrorhynchus)

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Potential impacts of shipping noise on Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins and implications for regulation and mitigation:a review

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第5期13卷 495-506页

作者： songhai li Mingming liU lijun DONG Jianchen DONG Ding WANG Sanya Key Laboratory of Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina

Shipping noise is a widespread and relatively loud sound source among human-induced underwater sounds.The impacts of shipping noise are of special concern for Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis),as they inhabit shallow and nearshore habitats and are highly dependent on sound for survival.This study synthesizes our current understanding of the potential impacts of shipping noise on Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins combined with knowledge on sound production and hearing of these animals and the impacts of noise on other whales and dolphins.For further protection and management of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins and their habitats,shipping noise should be regulated and mitigated to modify sound from ships,to reduce overall noise levels,and to set more marine protected areas(MPAs)covering most Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin habitats with seasonal and geographical restrictions to avoid ensonification of shipping noise.The emphasis for future research should be on obtaining more baseline information about the population distribution,sound production,hearing capabilities at the population level,behavior,and stress hormones of the humpback dolphins under different noise conditions or under different noise-producing activities,and/or in high-noise areas compared with relatively quiet areas,and the noise characteristics of ships of different types,sizes and speeds.

关键词： echolocation hearing noise impacts protection sound production

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沉浸式环境中多场景视觉提示信息可视化方法综述

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中国图象图形学报 2024年第1期29卷 1-21页

作者：任洋甫李志强张松海青海大学计算机技术与应用系西宁810016 清华大学计算机科学与技术系北京100084 国防大学联合作战学院北京100091

沉浸式环境是通过虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)等技术为用户呈现趋近于真实的环境体验。虚拟现实是通过计算机生成现实世界的模拟环境,可以为用户提供丰富的沉浸感、交互性和想象力体验。用户在虚拟现实场景中,通过视觉可以快速熟悉环... 详细信息

沉浸式环境是通过虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)等技术为用户呈现趋近于真实的环境体验。虚拟现实是通过计算机生成现实世界的模拟环境,可以为用户提供丰富的沉浸感、交互性和想象力体验。用户在虚拟现实场景中,通过视觉可以快速熟悉环境,获取场景内外的信息,还可以通过视觉完成与场景的交互,增强用户的感知。增强现实(augmented reality,AR)会将虚拟信息放置在真实场景中,用户可以与真实场景中的虚拟信息进行交互。为了充分了解视觉提示信息在虚拟现实等不同沉浸式场景中的研究,探究视觉信息提示方法的本源,本文按照信息提示位置的不同、功能和应用的不同进行区分,首先综述近年来在普通二维场景中的方法,通过技术对比和改进深入讨论了在三维虚拟现实或增强现实环境下对视觉提示信息可视化方法的研究。分析在虚拟现实或增强现实环境下与普通二维场景中显示的异同,同时展开视觉提示信息在多场景下对用户注意力等使用功能方面的研究介绍,以及全景视频观看等实际场景中的应用研究说明。本文通过对二维和三维场景视野外、场景中标签布局和注意力引导,以及全景视频观看等实际应用中的讨论,可以更详细地展示视觉提示信息在沉浸式环境和多场景中的研究前景与发展方向。

关键词：沉浸式环境虚拟现实(VR) 增强现实(AR) 多场景视觉提示信息全景视频注意力引导

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