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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 7026-7033页

作者： Songcan Wang Boyan Liu Xin wang Yingjuan Zhang Wei Huang Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials&EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Owing to the relatively short hole diffusion length,severe charge recombination in the bulk of bismuth vanadate(BiVO_(4))is the key issue for photoelectrochemical water splitting.Herein,we design a nanoporous MoO_(3−x)/BiVO_(4)heterojunction photoanode to promote charge separation.The efficient electron transport properties of oxygen deficient MoO_(3−x)and the nanoporous structure are beneficial for charge separation,leading to a significantly enhanced PEC performance.The optimized MoO_(3−x)/BiVO_(4)heterojunction photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 5.07 mA·cm^(−2)for Na_(2)SO_(3)oxidation.By depositing FeOOH/NiOOH dual oxygen evolution cocatalysts to promote surface kinetics,a high photocurrent density of 4.81 mA·cm^(−2)can be achieved for PEC water splitting,exhibiting an excellent applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 1.57%.Moreover,stable overall water splitting is achieved under consecutive light illumination for 10 h.We provide a proof of concept for the design of efficient BiVO_(4)-based heterojunction photoanodes for stable PEC water splitting.

关键词： water splitting bismuth vanadate heterojunction oxygen vacancies charge separation

Understanding the roles of carbon in carbon/g-C_(3)N_(4)based photocatalysts for H2 evolution

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 4539-4545页

作者： Mu Xiao Yalong Jiao Bin Luo Songcan Wang Peng Chen Miaoqiang Lyu Aijun Du Lianzhou wang Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical EngineeringScience and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane CityQLD 4000Australia Faculty for Chemistry and Food Chemistry TU Dresden01069 DresdenGermany Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics&Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical

Coupling graphitic carbon nitride(CN)with carbonaceous materials is an effective strategy to improve photocatalytic performance,but the contributions of carbonaceous materials are not fully understood.Herein,a new type of carbon/CN(CCN)complex photocatalyst is synthesized with a 6-fold enhancement of H2 evolution rate compared to that of pristine CN.The role of carbon in photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction is systemically studied and it is experimentally and theoretically revealed that carbon mainly contributes to the improved capability of exciton dissociation and enhanced electric conductivity for charge transfer,leading to an increased population of photo-carriers for photocatalytic reactions.Interestingly,the enhanced light absorption originated from carbon barely generates charge carriers for H2 evolution activity.These new findings will inspire the rational design of carbon-based photocatalysts for efficient solar fuel production.

关键词： carbon nitride carbon exciton dissociation charge transfer photocatalysis

Nitrogen incorporated oxygen vacancy enriched MnCo_(2)O_(x)/BiVO_(4) photoanodes for efficient and stable photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1140-1150页

作者： Liangcheng Xu Yingjuan Zhang Boyan Liu Xin wang Gangqiang Zhu Lianzhou wang Songcan Wang Wei Huang Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical University127 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072China School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710062China Nanomaterials Centre Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Sanhang Science&Technology BuildingNo.45thGaoxin South 9th RoadNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518063China

Oxygen vacancies in oxygen evolution cocatalysts(OECs)can significantly improve the photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting performance of photoanodes.However,OECs with abundant oxygen vacancies have a poor stability when exposing to the highly-oxidizing photogenerated holes.Herein,we partly fill oxygen vacancies in a MnCo_(2)O_(x) OEC with N atoms by a combined electrodeposition and sol-gel method,which dramatically improves both photocurrent density and stability of a BiVO_(4) photoanode.The optimized N filled oxygen vacancy-rich MnCo_(2)O_(x)/BiVO_(4) photoanode(3 at.%of N)exhibits an outstanding photocurrent density of 6.5 mA·cm^(-2) at 1.23 VRHE under AM 1.5 G illumination(100 mW·cm^(-2)),and an excellent stability of over 150 h.Systematic characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that N atoms stabilize the defect structure and modulate the surface electron distribution,which significantly enhances the stability and further increases the photocurrent density.Meanwhile,other heteroatoms such as carbon,phosphorus,and sulfur are confirmed to have similar effects on improving PEC water splitting performance of photoanodes.

关键词： water splitting oxygen evolution bismuth vanadate(BiVO_(4)) filling oxygen vacancies cocatalysts

Solar energy conversion on g-C3N4 photocatalyst:Light harvesting,charge separation,and surface kinetics

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第4期27卷 1111-1123页

作者： Mu Xiao Bin Luo Songcan Wang Lianzhou wang Nonomaterials Centre.School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland.St LuciaQLD 4072.Australia

Photocatalysis. which utilizes solar energy to trigger chemical reactions, is one of the most desirable solar-energy-conversion approaches. Graphitic carbon nitride （g-C3N4）. as an attractive metal-free photocatalyst, has drawn worldwide research interest in the area of solar energy conversion due to its easy synthesis, earth-abundant nature, physicochemical stability and visible-light-responsive properties. Over the past ten years, g-C3N4 based photocatalysts have experienced intensive exploration, and great progress has been achieved. However, the solar conversion efficiency is still far from industrial applications due to the wide bandgap, severe charge recombination, and lack of surface active sites. Many strategies have been proposed to enhance the light absorption, reduce the recombination of charge carriers and accelerate the surface kinetics. This work makes a crucial review about the main contributions of various strategies to the light harvesting, charge separation and surface kinetics of g-C3N4 photocatalyst. Furthermore, the evaluation measurements for the enhanced light harvesting, reduced charge recombination and accelerated surface kinetics will be discussed. In addition, this review proposes future trends to enhance the photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 photocatalyst for the solar energy conversion.

关键词： Photocatalysis g-C3N4 Light harvesting Charge separation Surface kinetics Solar energy conversion

One-step supramolecular preorganization constructed crinkly graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets with enhanced photocatalytic activity

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第9期104卷 155-162页

作者： Songcan Wang Yuelin Li Xin wang Guohao Zi Chenyang Zhou Boyan Liu Gang Liu Lianzhou wang Wei Huang Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials&EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University127 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072China Honors College Northwestern Polytechnical University127 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072China Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandQLD 4072Australia Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China

Here we report a new one-step thermal polycondensation process to form crinkly graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets(CGCNNs)via supramolecular preorganization,using a mixture of urea and melamine as the starting material.Systematical studies reveal that the newly developed CGCNNs significantly strengthen the optical absorption,widen the bandgap,and increase the Hall mobility and carrier density compared to that of its bulk counterpart,regardless of the similar chemical composition and structure.As a result,the photocatalytic hydrogen production rate is improved by 7 times.Moreover,Na doping of CGCNNs can further promote its photocatalytic activity,leading to an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 250.9μmol h^(–1),which is approximately 10.5 times higher than its bulk counterpart.Moreover,an impressive apparent quantum efficiency of 19.12%is achieved at 420 nm.This study provides a facile strategy for the design of efficient low-cost carbon-nitride-based photocatalysts for solar fuel production.

关键词： Carbon nitride Supramolecular preorganization Hall mobility Na doping Solar hydrogen

Tantalum （Oxy）Nitride： Narrow Bandgap Photocatalysts for Solar Hydrogen Generation

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Engineering 2017年第3期3卷 365-378页

作者： Mu Xiao Songcan Wang Supphasin Thaweesak Bin Luo Lianzhou wang Nanomaterials Center School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4072 Australia

Photocatalytic water splitting, which directly converts solar energy into hydrogen, is one of the most desirable solar-energy-conversion approaches. The ultimate target of photocatalysis is to explore efficient and stable photocatalysts for solar water splitting. Tantalum (oxy)nitride-based materials are a class of the most promising photocatalysts for solar water splitting because of their narrow bandgaps and sufficient band energy potentials for water splitting. Tantalum (oxy)nitride-based photocatalysts have experienced intensive exploration, and encouraging progress has been achieved over the past years. However, the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency is still very far from its theoretical value. The question of how to better design these materials in order to further improve their water-splitting capability is of interest and importance. This review summarizes the development of tantalum (oxy)nitride-based photocatalysts for solar water spitting. Special interest is paid to important strategies for improving photocatalytic water-splitting efficiency. This paper also proposes future trends to explore in the research area of tantalum-based narrow bandgap photocatalysts for solar water splitting.

关键词： Tantalum-based photocatalyst Narrow bandgap Water splitting Hydrogen

Recent progress of tungsten-and molybdenum-based semiconductor materials for solar-hydrogen production

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Tungsten 2019年第1期1卷 19-45页

作者： Songcan Wang Lianzhou wang Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Semiconductor-based solar water splitting is regarded as one of the most promising technologies for clean hydrogen produc-tion.The rational design of semiconductor materials is critically important to achieve high solar-to-hydrogen(STH)con-version efficiencies towards practical applications.A rich family of tungsten-and molybdenum-based materials have been developed as both photocatalysts and cocatalysts for solar-hydrogen production in the past years,providing more opportunities to achieve high solar-to-hydrogen(STH)efficiencies.In this review article,we comprehensively review the recent progress of tungsten-and molybdenum-based materials for solar-hydrogen production.In particular,the strengths and drawbacks of each material system are critically discussed,followed by an overview of the emerging strategies to improve their performances.Finally,the key challenges and possible research directions of tungsten-and molybdenum-based materials are presented,which would provide useful information for the design of efficient semiconductor materials for solar-hydrogen production.

关键词： Semiconductor Tungsten Molybdenum Photocatalyst Solar energy conversion Water splitting Hydrogen production

An odyssey of lithium metal anode in liquid lithium-sulfur batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第10期33卷 4421-4427页

作者： Xiao-Zhong Fan Meng Liu Ruiqi Zhang Yuezhou Zhang Songcan Wang Haoxiong Nan Yunhu Han Long Kong Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics and Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE) Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129China Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University Ningbo 315103China School of Science Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries exhibit outstanding energy density and material sustainability.Enormous effects have been devoted to the sulfur cathode to address redox kinetics and polysulfide intermediates shuttle.Recent attentions are gradually turning to the protection of the lithium metal anodes,since electrochemical performances of Li-S batteries are closely linked to the working efficiency of the anode side,especially in pouch cells that adopt stringent test protocols.This Perspective article summarizes critical issues encountered in the lithium metal anode,and outlines possible solutions to achieve efficient working lithium anode in Li-S batteries.The lithium metal anode in Li-S batteries shares the common failure mechanisms of volume fluctuation,nonuniform lithium flux,electrolyte corrosion and lithium pulverization occurring in lithium metal batteries with oxide cathodes,and also experiences unique polysulfide corrosion and massive lithium accumulation.These issues can be partially addressed by developing three-dimensional scaffold,exerting quasi-solid reaction,tailoring native solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)and designing artificial SEI.The practical evaluation of Li-S batteries highlights the importance of pouch cell platform,which is distinguished from coin-type cells in terms of lean electrolyte-to-sulfur ratio,thin lithium foil,as well as sizable total capacity and current that are loaded on pouch cells.This Perspective underlines the development of practically efficient working lithium metal anode in Li-S batteries.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Lithium metal anode Electrolytes Solid electrolyte interphase Pouch cell

Efficient sequential harvesting of solar light by heterogeneous hollow shells with hierarchical pores

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National Science Review 2020年第11期7卷 1638-1646页

作者： Yanze Wei Jiawei Wan Nailiang Yang Yu Yang Yanwen Ma Songcan Wang Jiangyan wang Ranbo Yu Lin Gu Lianhui wang Lianzhou wang Wei Huang Dan wang State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physical Chemistry School of Metallurgical and Ecological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland Department of Materials Science andEngineering Stanford University Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In nature, sequential harvesting of light widely exists in the old life entity, i.e. cyanobacteria, to maximize the light absorption and enhance the photosynthesis efficiency. Inspired by nature, we propose a brand new concept of temporally-spatially sequential harvesting of light in one single particle, which has purpose-designed heterogeneous hollow multi-shelled structures (HoMSs) with porous shells composed of nanoparticle subunits. Structurally, Ho MSs consist of different band-gap materials outside-in, thus realizing the efficient harvesting of light with different wavelengths. Moreover, introducing oxygen vacancies into each nanoparticle subunit can also enhance the light absorption. With the benefit of sequential harvesting of light in Ho MSs, the quantum efficiency at wavelength of 400 nm is enhanced by six times compared with the corresponding nanoparticles. Impressively, using these aforementioned materials as photocatalysts,highly efficient photocatalytic water splitting is realized, which cannot be achieved by using the nanoparticle counterparts. This new concept of temporally-spatially sequential harvesting of solar light paves the way for solving the ever-growing energy demand.

关键词： light harvesting hollow structures multi-shelled solar energy conversion

Recent Progress on Visible Light Responsive Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第1期33卷 1-22页

作者： Songcan Wang Jung-Ho Yun Bin Luo Teera Butburee Piangjai Peerakiatkhajohn Supphasin Thaweesak Mu Xiao Lianzhou wang Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical EngineeringAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Photocatalysis has attracted much attention in recent years due to its potential in solving energy and environmental issues. Even though numerous achievements have been made, the photocatalytic systems developed to date are still far from practical applications due to the low efficiency and poor durability. Efficient light absorption and charge separation are two of the key factors for the exploration of high performance photocatalytic systems, which is generally difficult to be obtained in a single photocata- lyst. The combination of various materials to form heterojunctions provides an effective way to better harvest solar energy and to facilitate charge separation and transfer, thus enhancing the photocatalytic activity and stability. This review concisely summarizes the recent development of visible light respon- sive heterojunctions, including the preparation and performances of semiconductor/semiconductor junctions, semiconductor/cocatalyst junctions, semiconductor/metal junctions, semiconductor/non- metal junctions, and surface heterojunctions, and their mechanism for enhanced light harvesting and charge separation/transfer.

关键词： Heterojunction Photocatalysis Water splitting Carbon dioxide reduction Organic pollutant degradation Visible light