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Sex-specific differences in ossification patterns of the atlas and axis:a computed tomography study

World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第4期18卷 263-270页

作者： Wei-Liang Wu Xiao-Bo Shao Yi-Guo Shen jian-song chen Qiang Shu Department of Orthopedic Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Cardiac Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineAdministrative BuildingNo.3333 Binsheng RoadHangzhou 310052China

Background We investigated the sex-specific differences in ossification patterns of the first two cervical vertebrae in Chinese children.Methods A retrospective computed tomography(CT)study was performed between June 2016 and December 2020.Patients younger than 16 years with cervical CT images acquired<1.5 mm slice thickness were included.All eligible patients were stratified into 2 sex groups and 16 age groups based on 1-year intervals.The ossification status of each synchondrosis and ossification variants were evaluated.Results A total of 910 subjects(518 males and 392 females)were included in the study.For the Cl vertebra,the neurocentral synchondroses closed at a median age of 8 years in males and 6.3 years in females,and the posterior synchondrosis fused at 5.4 years in males and at 4.4 years in females.Multifocal anterior arch ossification centers were present in 74 of 411(18%)subjects,whereas posterior arch variants were observed in 18 of 258(7%)subjects.For the C2 vertebra,the sequence of complete fusion was as follows:posterior synchondrosis,neurocentral synchondroses,and dentoneural synchondrosis.Uniquely,a fusion line was observed in the dentocentral synchondrosis through adolescence.Anterior arch variants of the C2 vertebra occurred in 17 of 248(6.9%)subjects.There was no significant difference between the sexes in ossification variants.Conclusions All synchondroses of the first two cervical vertebrae fuse slightly earlier in females.The sequence of fusion follows a posterior-to-anterior and caudal-to-cephalad pattern in both sexes.Congenital variants are not rare and should not be confused with trauma.

关键词： Cervical vertebra Fusion Ossification center Ossification variant Synchondrosis

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Metastatic stomach lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1436-1442页

作者： Guo-Feng chen Jun Wang Yu Yan song Xu jian chen Department of Gastroenterology Surgery The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Cancer Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(PLELC)is a rare type of nonsmall-cell lung cancer.Stomach lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(LELC)metastasis secondary to PLELC has not been reported recently.CASE SUMMARY A 64-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for a regular gastroscopy examination with a 6-year history of surgical resection for left PLELC.Positron emission tomography/computed tomography suggested high accumulation of 18F-fludeoxyglucose in the gastric cardia region.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy confirmed a large mass at the stomach fundus.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)of the biopsy suggested metastatic stomach LELC.Proximal gastrectomy showed that this 6.5 cm×5.0 cm mass was located in the stomach fundus near the cardia.Histopathological examination showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma with prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltration.IHC demonstrated that the tumor was positive for CK(AE1/AE3),p63,p40,p53,Ki-67(70%),and EGFR(3+)and negative for CK7,CK20,Her2,and CD10.In situ hybridization analysis showed positive staining Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA.Tumor programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression score was 98%,and the combined positive score was 100,with no evidence of microsatellite instability.Thus,the patient was unequivocally diagnosed with metastatic stomach LELC secondary to pulmonary LELC.After discharge,this patient underwent PD-1 inhibitor treatment(toripalimab,240 mg)every 3 wk for ten cycles,and she has had no tumor recurrence.CONCLUSION For gastric LELC metastasis,PD-1 inhibitor therapy could become a new therapeutic approach,though there is still no evidence from large data sets to support this.

关键词： Stomach neoplasm Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma Metastasis Immune checkpoint inhibitor Case report

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Synthesis and potential osteogenic applications of Wnt3a-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 399-405页

作者： Hengfei Wang song chen Zihan He Junyu chen Zhou Zhu Qianbing Wan jian Wang Xibo Pei State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of ProsthodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

The Wnt signaling pathway plays a critical role in bone homeostasis,and the related protein therapy strategies have been reported to have great potential in osseointegration;however,they face formidable challenges such as complex external environments and unavoidable protein denaturation.In this work,we report a novel approach combining the synthesis of metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)and protein encapsulation in a one-pot process based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)and Wnt3a protein,with improved biomechanical behavior and enhanced protein biological response.This combination was designed to enhance the Wnt3a protein function through the improved chemical stability provided by the ZIF-8 crystals.Additionally,the zinc ions contained in the ZIF-8 crystals induced bone homeostasis,further favoring the osteogenesis.The results showed that the Wnt3a protein-loaded ZIF-8 crystals served as efficient drug delivery vehicles to promote osteogenesis,preventing protein denaturation.In particular,Wnt3a-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles(Wnt3a@ZIF-8 NPs)had higher efficacy on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)than ZIF-8 NPs or Wnt3a proteins,contributing to the osteogenesis through ZIF-8 crystals and intracellular Wnt3a proteins released from Wnt3a@ZIF-8 NPs.Furthermore,polymerase chain reaction(PCR)analysis showed that the osteogenic pathways were upregulated.Overall,the present one-pot process can open up new avenues to develop signaling protein-delivery systems for applications in protein therapy strategies.

关键词： Metal–organic frameworks Nanoparticle Drug release Osteogenesis Bone defects

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Advances in the application of hydrogel-based scaffolds for tendon repair

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 296-313页

作者： Renqiang chen Fanglin chen Kenian chen jian Xu Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310003China Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityLiuzhou Guangxi 545005China

Tendon injuries often lead to joint dysfunction due to the limited self-regeneration capacity of tendons.Repairing tendons is a major challenge for surgeons and imposes a signif-icant financial burden on society.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop effective stra-tegies for repairing injured tendons.Tendon tissue engineering using hydrogels has emerged as a promising approach that has attracted considerable interest.Hydrogels possess excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,enabling them to create an extracellular matrix-like growth environment for cells.They can also serve as a carrier for cells or other substances to accelerate tendon repair.In the past decade,numerous studies have made significant prog-ress in the preparation of hydrogel scaffolds for tendon healing.This review aims to provide an overview of recent research on the materials of hydrogel-based scaffolds used for tendon tis-sue engineering and discusses the delivery systems based on them.

关键词： Application Hydrogel-based Repairscaffolds Review Tendon injury Tissue engineering

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Design,fabrication,and characterization of hierarchical mechanical metamaterials

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期19卷 73-83页

作者： jian song Junfei YAN Bengang YI Automotive Engineering Research Institute BYD Auto Industry Co.Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Natural mechanical materials,such as bamboo and bone,often exhibit superior specific mechanical properties due to their hierarchical porous architectures.Using the principle of hierarchy as inspiration can facilitate the development of hierarchical mechanical metamaterials(HMMs)across multiple length scales via 3D printing.In this work,we propose self-similar HMMs that combine octet-truss(OCT)architecture as the first and second orders,with cubic architecture as the third or more orders.These HMMs were fabricated using stereolithography 3D printing,with the length sizes ranging from approximately 200µm to the centimeter scale.The compressive stress–strain behaviors of HMMs exhibit a zigzag characteristic,and the toughness and energy absorption can be significantly enhanced by the hierarchical architecture.The compressive moduli are comparable to that of natural materials,and the strengths are superior to that of most polymer/metal foams,alumina hollow/carbon lattices,and other natural materials.Furthermore,the flexural stress–strain curves exhibit a nonlinear behavior,which can be attributed to the hierarchical architecture and local damage propagation.The relatively high mechanical properties can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the stretch-dominated OCT architecture and the bending-dominated cube architecture.Lastly,an ultralight HMM-integrated unmanned aerial vehicle(HMM-UAV)was successfully designed and printed.The HMM-UAV is~85%lighter than its bulk counterpart,remarkably extending the flight duration time(~53%).This work not only provides an effective design strategy for HMMs but also further expands the application benchmark of HMMs.

关键词： 3D printing mechanical metamaterials hierarchical architecture mechanical behavior unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)

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Neuronomodulation of Excitable Neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 103-112页

作者： Yizhang chen Lin Xiao jian Qiu Institute of Neuroscience Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of BrainCognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of EducationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA

Neuronomodulation refers to the modulation of neural conduction and synaptic transmission(i.e.,the conduction process involved in synaptic transmission)of excitable neurons via changes in the membrane potential in response to chemical substances,from spillover neuro-transmitters to paracrine or endocrine hormones circulating in the blood.Neuronomodulation can be direct or indirect,depending on the transduction pathways from the ligand binding site to the ion pore,either on the same molecule,i.***.the ion channel,or through an intermediate step on different molecules.The major players in direct neurono-modulation are ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels.The key process of direct neuronomodulation is the binding and chemoactivation of ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels,either orthosterically or allosterically,by various ligands.Indirect neuronomodulation involves metabotropic receptor-mediated slow potentials,where steroid hormones,cytokines,and chemokines can implement these actions.Elucidating neuronomodulation is of great significance for understanding the physiological mechanisms of brain function,and the occurrence and treatment of diseases.

关键词： Neuron Membrane potential Excitability Chemoactivation Neuronomodulation

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Human-Machine Shared Lateral Control Strategy for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Human Driver Risk Perception Reliability

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 102-120页

作者： Dongjian song Bing Zhu jian Zhao Jiayi Han State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Intelligent vehicle(Ⅳ)technology has developed rapidly in recent years.However,achieving fully unmanned driving still presents numerous challenges,which means that human drivers will continue to play a vital role in vehicle operation for the foreseeable future.Human-machine shared driving,involving cooperation between a human driver and an automated driving system(AVS),has been widely regarded as a necessary stage for the development of IVs.Focusing onⅣdriving safety,this study proposed a human-machine shared lateral control strategy(HSLCS)based on the reliability of driver risk perception.The HSLCS starts by identifying the effective areas of driver risk perception based on eye movements.It establishes an anisotropic driving risk field,which serves as the foundation for the AVS to assess risk levels.Building upon the cumulative and diminishing effects of risk perception,the proposed approach leverages the driver's risk perception effective area and converts the risk field into a representation aligned with the driver's perspective.Subsequently,it quantifies the reliability of the driver's risk perception by using area-matching rules.Finally,based on the driver’s risk perception reliability and dif-ferences in lateral driving operation between the human driver and the AVS,the dynamic distribution of driving authority is achieved through a fuzzy rule-based system,and the human-machine shared lateral control is completed by using model predictive control.The HSLCS was tested across various scenarios on a driver-in-the-loop test platform.The results show that the HSLCS can realize the synergy and complementarity of human and machine intelligence,effectively ensuring the safety ofⅣoperation.

关键词： Intelligent vehicle Human-machine shared driving Risk perception Driving authority distribution

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Effects of Matrine on Bovine Papilloma Virus-infected C127 Cells

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2017年第2期24卷 51-58页

作者： jiang Xiao-wen Liu Lin Feng Xin-xin Liu Yan-yan chen Xue-ying Feng Guo-feng song jian-chen Li Yan-hua Yu Wen-hui College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China Department of Veterinary Medicine Yanbian University Yanji 133002 Jilin China Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development Harbin 150030 China

The aim of this study was to select drugs for prevention and treatment of bovine papilloma in vitro, using bovine papilloma virus（BPV-2） infected mouse mammary epithelial（C127） cell lines as the infectious cell model system. C127 cell shapes changed with BPV infection observed under light microscopy. C127 cell shapes changed with BPV infection observed under light microscopy. PCR was used to confirm BPV infected C127 cells. mR NA levels of matrine to BPV-2 infected C127 cells were detected by RT-PCR. Apoptosis of BPV-infected C127 cells treated with matrine was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results showed that 80 μg · mL-1 matrine had a direct virucidal and intervention effect of BPV-2. Matrine inhibited the proliferation of BPV-infected cells. Therefore, matrine might be regarded as a therapeutic drug candidate for BPV induced bovine papilloma disease treatment in future.

关键词： bovine papilloma virus C 127 cells matrine apoptosis

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Improving mathematical model of burden distribution and correcting chute angle to cope with fluctuation of stock line

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 342-356页

作者： jian-sheng chen Wen-guo Liu Hao Guo Wang Ding Qing-guo Xue Jing-song Wang Hai-bin Zuo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China MCC Capital Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited Beijing100176China Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Xiangtan411101HunanChina

Accurate evaluations of the burden distribution are of critical importance to stabilize the operation of blast furnace.The mathematical model and discrete element method(DEM)are two attractive methods for predicting burden distribution.Based on DEM,the initial velocities of the pellet,sinter,and coke were calculated,and the velocity attenuations of the above three particles between the burden and the chute were analyzed.The initial velocity and velocity attenuation were applied to a mathematical model for improving the accuracy.Additionally,based on the improved model,a scheme for rectifying the chute angles was proposed to address the fluctuation of the stock line and maintain a stable burden distribution.The validity of the scheme was confirmed via a stable burden distribution under different stock lines.The mathematical model has been successfully applied to evaluate the online burden distribution and cope with the fluctuation of the stock line.

关键词： Burden distribution Mathematical model Discrete element method Velocity attenuation Stock line fluctuation

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Exploring the combination of biochar‐amended soil and automated irrigation technology for water regulation and preservation in green infrastructure

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第1期3卷 39-52页

作者： Honghu Zhu Yuanxu Huang Haihong song jian chen songlei Han Tanwee Mazumder Ankit Garg School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Civil and Smart Engineering Construction Guangdong Engineering Center for Structure Safety and Health MonitoringShantou UniversityShantouChina Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Co. LtdShanghaiChina Indian Institute of Technology Madras ChennaiIndia

Biochar is a carbon sink material with the potential to improve water retention in various soils.However,for the long‐term maintenance of green infrastructure,there is an additional need to regulate the water contents in the covers to maintain vegetation growth in semiarid conditions.In this study,biochar‐amended soil was combined with subsurface drip irrigation,and the water preservation characteristics of this treatment were investigated through a series of one‐dimensional soil column tests.To ascertain the best treatment method specific to semiarid climatic conditions,the test soil was amended with 0%,1%,3%,and 5%biochar.Automatic irrigation devices equipped with soil moisture sensors were used to control the subsurface water content with the aim of enhancing vegetation growth.Each soil column test lasted 150 h,during which the volumetric water contents and soil suction data were recorded.The experimental results reveal that the soil specimen amended with 3%biochar is the most water‐saving regardless of the time cost.Soil with a higher biochar content(e.g.,5%)consumes a more significant amount of water due to the enhancement of the water‐holding capacity.Based on the experimental results,it can be concluded that the appropriate ratio can be determined within 1%–3%,which can reduce not only the amount of irrigated/used water but also the time cost.Such technology can be explored for water content regulation in green infrastructure and the development of barriers for protecting the environment around deep underground waste containment.

关键词： biochar drip irrigation underground water preservation water regulation

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