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Acoustofluidic separation of prolate and spherical micro-objects

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 217-230页

作者： Muhammad Soban Khan Mushtaq Ali song ha lee Keun Young Jang Seong Jae lee Jinsoo Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-roBuk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Polymer Engineering The University of Suwon17 Wauan-gilBongdam-eupHwaseongGyeonggi 18323Republic of Korea

Most microfluidic separation techniques rely largely on object size as a separation marker.The ability to separate micro-objects based on their shape is crucial in various biomedical and chemical assays.Here,we develop an ondemand,label-free acoustofluidic method to separate prolate ellipsoids from spherical microparticles based on traveling surface acoustic wave-induced acoustic radiation force and torque.The freely rotating non-spherical microobjects were aligned under the progressive acoustic field by the counterrotating radiation torque,and the major axis of the prolate ellipsoids was parallel to the progressive wave propagation.The specific alignment of the ellipsoidal particles resulted in a reduction in the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the wave propagation.As a consequence,the acoustic backscattering decreased,resulting in a decreased magnitude of the radiation force.Through the variation in radiation force,which depended on the micro-object morphology enabled the acoustofluidic shape-based separation.We conducted numerical simulations for the wave scattering of spherical and prolate objects to elucidate the working mechanism underlying the proposed method.A series of experiments with polystyrene microspheres,prolate ellipsoids,and peanut-shaped microparticles were performed for validation.Through quantitative analysis of the separation efficiency,we confirmed the high purity and high recovery rate of the proposed acoustofluidic shapebased separation of micro-objects.As a bioparticle,we utilize Thalassiosira eccentrica to perform shape-based separation,as the species has a variety of potential applications in drug delivery,biosensing,nanofabrication,bioencapsulation and immunoisolation.

关键词： separation spherical rotating

Effect of Meteorological Data Assimilation on Regional Air Quality Forecasts over the Korean Peninsula

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 262-284页

作者： Yunjae CHO Hyun Mee KIM Eun-Gyeong YANG Yonghee lee Jae-Bum lee Soyoung ha Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Air Quality Forecasting Center National Institute of Environmental ResearchIncheon 22689Republic of Korea National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderCO 80305USA University of Maryland Baltimore County BaltimoreMD 21250USA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMD 20771USA

The Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry(WRF-Chem),a type of online coupled chemistry-meteorology model(CCMM),considers the interaction between air quality and meteorology to improve air quality forecasting.Meteorological data assimilation(DA)can be used to reduce uncertainty in meteorological field,which is one factor causing prediction uncertainty in the CCMM.In this study,WRF-Chem and three-dimensional variational DA were used to examine the impact of meteorological DA on air quality and meteorological forecasts over the Korean Peninsula.The nesting model domains were configured over East Asia(outer domain)and the Korean Peninsula(inner domain).Three experiments were conducted by using different DA domains to determine the optimal model domain for the meteorological DA.When the meteorological DA was performed in the outer domain or both the outer and inner domains,the root-mean-square error(RMSE),bias of the predicted particulate matter(PM)concentrations,and the RMSE of predicted meteorological variables against the observations were smaller than those in the experiment where the meteorological DA was performed only in the inner domain.This indicates that the improvement of the synoptic meteorological fields by DA in the outer domain enhanced the meteorological initial and boundary conditions for the inner domain,subsequently improving air quality and meteorological predictions.Compared to the experiment without meteorological DA,the RMSE and bias of the meteorological and PM variables were smaller in the experiments with DA.The effect of meteorological DA on the improvement of PM predictions lasted for approximately 58-66 h,depending on the case.Therefore,the uncertainty reduction in the meteorological initial condition by the meteorological DA contributed to a reduction of the forecast errors of both meteorology and air quality.

关键词： meteorological data assimilation regional air quality forecast particulate matter concentration optimal model domain forecast error WRF-Chem

Malignant triton tumor in the abdominal wall:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1467-1473页

作者： Ho Jik Yang Donghyun Kim Won Suk lee Sang-ha Oh Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Chungnam National University Sejong HospitalSejong 30099South Korea Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Chungnam National University HospitalDaejeon 35015South Korea Department of Emergency Eulji University HospitalDaejeon 35233South Korea Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Chungnam National University College of MedicineDaejeon 35015South Korea

BACKGROUND Malignant triton tumors(MTTs)comprise a subgroup of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors(MPNSTs)that exhibits rhabdomyosarcomatous differen-tiation and follow an aggressive course.MTTs are primarily located along peripheral nerves.Cases of MTTs in the abdominal wall have not been reported.MTT has a poorer prognosis than classic MPNSTs,and accurate diagnosis necessitates a keen understanding of the clinical history and knowledge of its differential diagnosis intricacies.Treatment for MTTs mirrors that for MPNSTs and is predominantly surgical.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old woman presented with a subcutaneous mass in her lower abdo-minal wall and a pre-existing surgical scar that had grown slowly over 3-4 months before the consultation.She had previously undergone radical hysterectomy and concurrent chemo-radiotherapy for cervical cancer approximately 5 years prior to the consultation.Abdominal computed tomography(CT)showed a 1.3 cm midline mass in the lower abdomen with infiltration into the rectus abdominis muscle.There was no sign of metastasis(T1N0M0).An incisional biopsy identified sporadic MTT of the lower abdomen.A comprehensive surgical excision with a 3 cm margin inclusive of the peritoneum was executed.Subse-quently,the general surgeon utilized an approach akin to the open peritoneal onlay mesh technique.The patient underwent additional treatment with an excision shaped as a mini-abdominoplasty for the skin defect.No complications arose,and annual follow-up CTs did not show signs of recurrence or metastasis.CONCLUSION An abdominal MTT was efficaciously treated with extensive excision and abdominal wall reconstruction,eliminating the need for postoperative radiotherapy.

关键词： Malignant triton tumor Abdominal wall Surgical excision Reconstruction Case report

Long-term outcome of stem cell transplantation with and without anti-tumor necrotic factor therapy in perianal fistula with Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 257-266页

作者： Min Young Park Yong Sik Yoon Jae ha Park Jong Lyul lee Chang Sik Yu Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoul 05505South Korea

BACKGROUND Stem cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic option for curing perianal fistula in Crohn’s disease(CD).Anti-tumor necrotic factor(TNF)therapy combined with drainage procedure is effective as well.However,previous studies are limited to proving whether the combination treatment of biologics and stem cell transplantation improves the effect of fistula closure.AIM This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of stem cell transplantation and compare Crohn’s perianal fistula(CPF)closure rates after stem cell transplantation with and without anti-TNF therapy,and to identify the factors affecting CPF closure and recurrence.METHODS The patients with CD who underwent stem cell transplantation for treating perianal fistula in our institution between Jun 2014 and December 2022 were enrolled.Clinical data were compared according to anti-TNF therapy and CPF closure.RESULTS A total of 65 patients were included.The median age of females was 26 years(range:21-31)and that of males was 29(44.6%).The mean follow-up duration was 65.88±32.65 months,and complete closure was observed in 50(76.9%)patients.The closure rates were similar after stem cell transplantation with and without anti-TNF therapy(66.7%vs 81.6%at 3 year,P=0.098).The patients with fistula closure had short fistulous tract and infrequent proctitis and anorectal stricture(P=0.027,0.002,and 0.008,respectively).Clinical factors such as complexity,number of fistulas,presence of concurrent abscess,and medication were not significant for closure.The cumulative 1-,2-,and 3-year closure rates were 66.2%,73.8%,and 75.4%,respectively.CONCLUSION Anti-TNF therapy does not increase CPF closure rates in patients with stem cell transplantation.However,both refractory and non-refractory CPF have similar closure rates after additional anti-TNF therapy.Fistulous tract length,proctitis,and anal stricture are risk factors for non-closure in patients with CPF after stem cell transplantation.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Anus Fistula Stem cell transplantation Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors Infliximab

Nanoparticle Exsolution on Perovskite Oxides:Insights into Mechanism,Characteristics and Novel Strategies

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 312-346页

作者： Yo han Kim Hyeongwon Jeong Bo‑Ram Won Hyejin Jeon Chan‑ho Park Dayoung Park Yeeun Kim Somi lee Jae‑ha Myung Department of Materials Science and Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea

Supported nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention as a promising catalyst for achieving unique properties in numerous applications,including fuel cells,chemical conversion,and batteries.Nanocatalysts demonstrate high activity by expanding the number of active sites,but they also intensify deactivation issues,such as agglomeration and poisoning,simultaneously.Exsolution for bottomup synthesis of supported nanoparticles has emerged as a breakthrough technique to overcome limitations associated with conventional nanomaterials.Nanoparticles are uniformly exsolved from perovskite oxide supports and socketed into the oxide support by a one-step reduction process.Their uniformity and stability,resulting from the socketed structure,play a crucial role in the development of novel nanocatalysts.Recently,tremendous research efforts have been dedicated to further controlling exsolution particles.To effectively address exsolution at a more precise level,understanding the underlying mechanism is essential.This review presents a comprehensive overview of the exsolution mechanism,with a focus on its driving force,processes,properties,and synergetic strategies,as well as new pathways for optimizing nanocatalysts in diverse applications.

关键词： Supported nanoparticle Exsolution In situ growth Mechanism Perovskite oxide Catalyst

Body-Shaping Membrane to Regenerate Breast Fat by Elastic Structural Holding

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 165-180页

作者： Hye-Seon Kim Jeongeun Park Hyun-Su ha Sewoom Baek Chan Hee lee Kyubae lee Suji Park Jueun Kim Se Won Yi hak-Joon Sung Department of Medical Engineering Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Republic of Korea TMD LAB Co.Ltd. 6th Floor31Gwangnaru-ro 8-gilSeongdong-guSeoul 04799Republic of Korea

Tissue regeneration requires structural holding and movement support using tissue-type-specific aids such as bone casts,skin bandages,and joint protectors.Currently,an unmet need exists in aiding breast fat regeneration as the breast moves following continuous body motion by exposing the breast fat to dynamic stresses.Here,the concept of elastic structural holding is applied to develop a shape-fitting moldable membrane for breast fat regeneration(“adipoconductive”)after surgical defects are made.The membrane has the following key characteristics:(a)It contains a panel of honeycomb structures,thereby efficiently handling motion stress through the entire membrane;(b)a strut is added into each honeycomb in a direction perpendicular to gravity,thereby suppressing the deformation and stress concentration upon lying and standing;and(c)thermo-responsive moldable elastomers are used to support structural holding by suppressing large deviations of movement that occur sporadically.The elastomer became moldable upon a temperature shift above T_(m).The structure can then be fixed as the temperature decreases.As a result,the membrane promotes adipogenesis by activating mechanotransduction in a fat miniature model with pre-adipocyte spheroids under continuous shaking in vitro and in a subcutaneous implant placed on the motion-prone back areas of rodents in vivo.

关键词： thereby shaking Elastic

Short- and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment in patients with intestinal Behcet’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 429-437页

BACKGROUND Behcet’s disease(BD),a chronic vasculitic disorder affecting multiple organs,is characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers,arthritis,vasculitis,and intes-tinal ulcers.Although intestinal involvement of BD is common in East Asia,the efficacy and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of intestinal BD still remain to be established.AIM To evaluate the postoperative clinical course of intestinal BD and determine factors associated with its recurrence.METHODS Data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for intestinal BD between January 2010 and August 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.Patients’demo-graphics,clinical features,postoperative course,complications,and follow-up data were evaluated.RESULTS We analyzed 39 surgeries in 31 patients.The mean patient age was 45.1 years,and the mean interval between the diagnosis of intestinal BD and surgical treatment was 4.9 years(range 1.0-8.0 years).The most common indication for surgery was medical intractability(n=16,41.0%),followed by fistula or abscess(n=11,28.2%).Laparoscopic approaches were used in 19 patients(48.7%),and 5 patients(12.8%)underwent emergency surgeries.The most common surgical procedure was ileocecal resection(n=18,46.2%),followed by right colectomy(n=11,28.2%).A diverting stoma was created in only one patient(2.6%).During a mean follow-up period of 45(range 8-72)months,eight cases(20.5%)of recurrence in five patients required reoperation.The interval between operations was 12.1 months(range 6.3-17.8 mo).Four patients(10.3%)experienced recurrence within 1 year postoperatively,and all eight recurrences occurred within 2 years of the initial surgery.The reoperation rates at 1 and 3 years were 10.3%and 20.5%,respectively.A redo ileocolic anastomosis was performed in all recurrent cases.In multivariate Cox regression analysis,emergency surgery[hazard ratio(HR)9.357,95%confidence interval(CI):1.608-54.453,P=0.013]and elevated C-reactive protein(CRP)levels(HR 1.154,95%CI:1.002–1.328,P=0.047),but not medication use,were predictors

关键词： Behcet syndrome Intestinal General surgery Recurrence Risk factors

Etanercept-synthesizing adipose-derived stem cell secretome:A promising therapeutic option for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 882-892页

作者： Say-June Kim Ok-Hee Kim ha-Eun Hong Ji Hyeon Ju Do Sang lee Department of Surgery Seoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Catholic Central Laboratory of Surgery Institute of Biomedical IndustryCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineSeoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract,with tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αplaying a key role in its pathogenesis.Etanercept,a decoy receptor for TNF,is used to treat inflammatory conditions.The secretome derived from adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs)has anti-inflammatory effects,making it a promising therapeutic option for IBD.AIM To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the secretome obtained from ASCs synthesizing etanercept on colon cells and in a dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced IBD mouse model.METHODS ASCs were transfected with etanercept-encoding mini-circle plasmids to create etanercept-producing cells.The secretory material from these cells was then tested for anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in a DSS-induced IBD mouse model.RESULTS This study revealed promising results indicating that the group treated with the secretome derived from etanercept-synthesizing ASCs[Etanercept-Secretome(Et-Sec)group]had significantly lower expression levels of inflammatory mediators,such as interleukin-6,Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1,and TNF-α,when compared to the control secretome(Ct-Sec).Moreover,the Et-Sec group exhibited a marked therapeutic effect in terms of preserving the architecture of intestinal tissue compared to the Ct-Sec.CONCLUSION These results suggest that the secretome derived from ASCs that synthesize etanercept has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of IBD,potentially enhancing treatment efficacy by merging the anti-inflam-matory qualities of the ASC secretome with etanercept's targeted approach to better address the multifaceted pathophysiology of IBD.

关键词： Adipose-derived stem cells Etanercept Inflammatory bowel disease Secretome Tumor necrosis factor-α

Anticipating the lifespan: Predicting the durability of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell short stack over 50,000 h

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 606-613页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Khan Amjad Hussain Seung-Bok lee Tak-Hyoung Lim Rak-Hyun song Department of Materials Science & Engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mang Haripur Hydrogen Energy Research Division Korea Institute of Energy Research Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering Korea University of Science and Technology (UST)

In the present study, the operational lifetime of a solid oxide fuel(SOFC) short stack is predicted by investigating the performance degradation of both the short stack and its cells throughout 1000 h at 800°C. The short stack and integral cell voltages are continuously measured during the long-term test, with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) conducted every 200 h. The short stack voltage decreased rapidly for the initial 200–300 h and afterwards, it decreased at a slow rate due to the increase in the Ohmic and polarization resistances in the same manner. Scanning electron microscopy results show that there is no delamination or cracking among constituent layers of the short-stack cells. The single degradation effects of the Ni coarsening in the anode, cation migration and surface segregation in cathode and oxide scale growth in metallic interconnect mesh are successfully integrated into a comprehensive lifetime prediction model. The experimentally measured voltage degradation data of the short stack fits well with the developed mathematical model and allows the successful prediction of the lifetime up to 50,000 h.

关键词： Degradation Impedance Lifetime SOFC Stack