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Organic X-Ray Image Sensors Using a Medium Bandgap Polymer Donor with Low Dark Current

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS 2024年第6期7卷 230-237页

作者： Ha, Jong-Woon Eom, Seung Hun Cha, Bo Kyung song, seyeong Eun, Hyeong Ju Kim, Jong H. Park, Jong Mok Kim, Bongsoo Park, Byoungwook Ko, Seo-Jin Yoon, Sung Cheol Lee, Changjin Jung, In Hwan Hwang, Do-Hoon Pusan Natl Univ Chem Inst Funct Mat Dept Chem Busan 46241 South Korea Korea Res Inst Chem Technol KRICT Div Adv Energy Mat Res Ctr Daejeon 34114 South Korea Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst KERI Electromed Device Res Ctr Ansan 15588 South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST Grad Sch Carbon Neutral Sch Energy & Chem Engn Ulsan 44919 South Korea Ajou Univ Dept Mol Sci & Technol Suwon 16449 South Korea Korea Res Inst Chem Technol Res Ctr Adv Specialty Chem Ulsan 44412 South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST Dept Chem Ulsan 44919 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea

The development of portable X-ray detectors is necessary for diagnosing fractures in unconscious patients in emergency situations. However, this is quite challenging because of the heavy weight of the scintillator and silicon photodetectors. The weight and thickness of X-ray detectors can be reduced by replacing the silicon layer with an organic photodetectors. This study presents a novel bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor that exhibits excellent photodetection properties even in a thick photoactive layer (similar to 700 nm), owing to the symmetric backbone and highly soluble molecular structure of bithienopyrroledione. The ability of bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor to strongly suppress the dark current density (J(d) similar to 10(-10) A cm(-2)) at a negative bias (-2.0 V) while maintaining high responsivity (R = 0.29 A W-1) even at a thickness of 700 nm results in a maximum shot-noise-limited specific detectivity of D-sh* = 2.18 x 10(13) Jones in the organic photodetectors. Printed organic photodetectors are developed by slot-die coating for use in X-ray detectors, which exhibit D-sh* = 2.73 x 10(12) Jones with clear rising (0.26 s) and falling (0.29 s) response times upon X-ray irradiation. Detection reliability is also proven by linear response of the X-ray detector, and the X-ray detection limit is 3 mA.

关键词： low dark current low detection limit organic photodetector printable X-ray DETECTORS PHOTOCONDUCTORS SENSITIVITY

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Semi-crystalline photovoltaic polymers with siloxane-terminated hybrid side-chains

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第4期60卷 528-536页

作者： Yuxiang Li seyeong song song Yi Park Jin Young Kim Han Young WOO Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering Pusan National University Miryang 627-706 Republic of Korea Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan 689-798 Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Korea University Seoul 136-713 Republic of Korea

Three types of semi-cry stalline photovoltaic polymers were synthesized by incorporating a siloxane-terminated organic/inorganic hybrid side-chain and changing the number of fluorine substituents.A branch point away from a polymer main backbone in the siloxane-containing side-chains and the intra-and/or interchain noncovalent coulombic interactions enhance a chain planarity and facile interchain *** resulting polymers formed strongly agglomerated films with high roughness,suggesting strong intermolecular *** optical band gap of ca.1.7 eV was measured for all polymers with a pronounced shoulder peak due to tight π-π *** increasing the fluorine substituents,the frontier energy levels decreased and preferential face-on orientation was *** siloxane-terminated side-chains and fluorine substitution promoted the intermolecular packing,showing well resolved lamellar scatterings up to(300) for this series of polymers in the grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering *** PPsiDTBT,PPsiDTFBT and PPsiDT2 FBT devices showed a power conversion efficiency of 3.16%,4.40%and 5.65%,respectively,by blending with PC_(71)***-type bimolecular charge recombination was similar for three polymeric solar *** main loss in the photocurrent generation for PPsiDTBT:PC_(71)BM was interpreted to originate from the trap assisted charge recombination by measuring light-intensity dependent short-circuit current density(J_(SC)) and open-circuit voltage(V_(Oc)).Our results provide a new insight into the rational selection of solubilizing substituents for optimizing crystalline interchain packing with appropriate miscibility with PC71 BM for further optimizing polymer solar cells.

关键词： siloxane side-chain fluorine substitution semi-crystalline charge transport

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The Persistence and Zonal Scale of Atmospheric Dipolar Modes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 478-492页

作者： Jie song State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model show that the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale dipolar structure possess a longer(shorter) persistence. A detailed vorticity budget analysis indicates that the persistence of a hemispheric-scale DM(1/1 DM) and a regional or sectoral DM(1/8 DM) in the model both largely rely on the persistence of the nonlinear eddy forcing. Linear terms can indirectly reduce the persistence of the anomalous nonlinear eddy forcing in a 1/8 DM by modifying the baroclinicity via the arousal of anomalous vertical motions. Therefore, the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale possess a longer(shorter) persistence because the effects of the linear terms are less(more) pronounced when the atmospheric DMs have better(worse) zonal symmetry. Further analyses show that the positive eddy feedback effect is weak or even absent in a 1/8DM and the high-frequency eddy forcing acts more like a concomitant phenomenon rather than a leading driving factor for a 1/8 DM. Thus, the hemispheric-scale DM and the regional or sectoral DMs are different, not only in their persistence but also in their dynamics.

关键词： NAM NAO eddy feedback persistence linear term

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Identification of Linear Systems Using Binary Sensors with Random Thresholds

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 907-923页

作者： HUANG Zhiyong song Qijiang School of Mathematics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China School of Mathematics Sino-French InstituteRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

In this paper,the problem of identifying autoregressive-moving-average systems under random threshold binary-valued output measurements is *** the help of stochastic approximation algorithms with expanding truncations,the authors give the recursive estimates for the parameters of both the linear system and the binary *** reasonable conditions,all constructed estimates are proved to be convergent to the true values with probability one,and the convergence rates are also established.A simulation example is provided to justify the theoretical results.

关键词： α-mixing binary sensor quantized system stochastic approximation stochastic thresh-old strongly consistent system identification

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The learning curve for transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy for benign prostate hyperplasia:a single-surgeon experience of 494 patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 288-294页

作者： Byeongdo song Sang Hun song Seong Jin Jeong Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnam 13620Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Korea

This study was performed to investigate the learning curve of transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy(TUEB)for benignprostatic *** study involved 494 consecutive patients who underwent TUEB for benign prostatic hyperplasia fromAugust 2018 to March 2022 by one surgeon(SJJ,Seoul National University Bundang Hospital,Seongnam,Korea).The patientswere followed up at 1 week,1 month,3 months,and 6 months *** evaluate the learning curve of TUEB,perioperativeparameters including the enucleation ratio(enucleated tissue weight/transitional zone volume),TUEB efficiency(enucleatedtissue weight/operation time),and enucleation efficiency(enucleated tissue weight/enucleation time)were *** and postoperative complications were also assessed,including the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),IPSSquality-of-life(QoL)score,and uroflowmetry *** patients’median age was 72(interquartile range[IQR]:66–78)years,and the estimated prostate volume and transitional zone volume were 63.0(IQR:46.0–90.6)ml and 37.1(IQR:24.0–60.0)ml,*** enucleation ratio,TUEB efficiency,and enucleation efficiency were 0.60(IQR:0.46–0.54)g ml−1,0.33(IQR:0.22–0.46)g min−1,and 0.50(IQR:0.35–0.72)g min−1,respectively,plateauing after 70 *** functional outcomes,including total IPSS,IPSS QoL score,and uroflowmetry outcomes,significantly improved at 6 months after TUEB(all P<0.05),but without significant differences over the learning ***-five(13.2%)patients developed complications after TUEB,21.5%of whom experienced major complications(Clavien–Dindo grade≥3).The rate of major complications declined as the number ofTUEB cases increased(P=0.013).Our results suggest that the efficiency of TUEB stabilized within 70 procedures.

关键词： benign prostate hyperplasia learning curve perioperative efficiency prostate transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy

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Self-healing Ga-based liquid metal/alloy anodes for rechargeable batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1366-1383页

作者： Meijia song Zhonghua Zhang School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212000China Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJingshi Road 17923Jinan 250061China

With the rapid development of electronics,electric vehicles,and grid energy storage stations,higher requirements have been put forward for advanced secondary *** metal/alloy electrodes have been considered as a promising development direction to achieve excellent electrochemical performance in metal-ion batteries,due to their specific advantages including the excellent electrode kinetics and self-healing ability against microstructural electrode *** conventional liquid batteries,high temperatures are needed to keep electrode liquid and ensure the high conductivity of molten salt electrolytes,which also brings the corrosion and safety ***-based metal/alloys,which can be operated at or near room temperature,are potential candidates to circumvent the above *** this review,the properties and advantages of Ga-based metal/alloys are ***,Ga-based liquid metal/alloys as anodes in various metal-ion batteries are reviewed in terms of their self-healing ability,battery configurations,working mechanisms,and so ***,some views on the future development of Ga-based electrodes in batteries are provided.

关键词： metal-ion batteries Ga-based liquid metal/alloy anodes self-healing capability room temperature

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A Novel Three-stage Tectonic Model for Mississippi Valleytype Zn-Pb Deposits in Orogenic Fold-and-Thrust Belts

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 843-849页

作者： song Yucai SinoProbe Laboratory Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Mississippi Valley-type(MVT) Zn-Pb deposits predominantly form within both orogenic forelands and fold-andthrust belts, yet the mineralization process within the latter tectonic setting remains inadequately understood. This study, through a comprehensive review of MVT deposits across global fold-and-thrust belts, introduces a novel model elucidating the mineralization process in the context of tectonic belt evolution. It is demonstrated that during the stage Ⅰ, regional compression is introduced by early stages of plate convergence, causing the folding and thrusting and creating structural or lithological traps such as evaporite diapirs and unconformity-related carbonate dissolution-collapse structures. Thereafter, in stage Ⅱ, hydrocarbons begin to migrate and accumulate within these traps, where reduced sulfur is generated through thermochemical or bacterial sulfate reduction concurrent with or preceding Zn-Pb mineralization. In the subsequent stage Ⅲ, as plate convergence persists, the regional stress transitions from compression to transpression or extension. Under these conditions, steeply-dipping extensional faults are generated, facilitating the ascent of metalliferous brines into early-formed structural or lithological traps. Precipitation of Zn and Pb sulfides occurs through the mixing of Zn-Pb-transporting fluids with pre-existing reduced sulfur or by interaction with hydrocarbons.

关键词： Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb deposits fold-and-thrust belts tectonic model structural or lithological traps extensional faults

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Preparation and characterization of high-reactivity explosive-based nano-boron microspheres

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 125-136页

作者： Dong, Chen Wang, Yi Jia, Kanghui song, Dan song, Xiaolan An, Chongwei North Univ China Sch Mat Sci & Engn Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China Jinxi Grp Shanxi Jiangyang Chem Co Ltd Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China China Ordnance Inst Sci & Technol Beijing 100089 Peoples R China North Univ China Sch Environm & Safety Engn Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China

Boron nanoparticles, with their remarkably high gravimetric and volumetric calorific values, emerge as the most promising fuel in energetic fields. However, challenges such as susceptibility to oxidation, high ignition temperature, and low combustion efficiency have constrained their further applications. In this study, we fabricated high explosives based nano-boron microspheres with uniform size using the electrostatic spray method, in which the boron nanoparticles and high explosives (CL-20 or PETN) are closely bonded together by fluorinated polymer (F-2602) and evenly distributed. The results indicated that the microspheres exhibited high sphericity and showed an enhanced antioxidant capability. The addition of high-energy explosives not only reduced the thermal oxidation temperature of nano-boron powder within the microspheres but also significantly enhanced the pressurization rate. Additionally, the microspheres with added high-energy explosives released more energy during the combustion process. Compared to physically mixed samples, electrostatically sprayed microspheres with a uniform microstructure still exhibited higher reactivity. Therefore, the design and synthesis of microspheres with controllable structures using the electrostatic spray method show promising application prospects. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Nano-boron CL-20 PETN Electrospraying Ignition and combustion NANOPARTICLES COMBUSTION

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Optimizing multi-parameter distributed fiber sensors:a hybrid Rayleigh-Brillouin-Raman System approach

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 393-395页

作者： Kwang Yong song Dept.of Physics Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul 06974Korea

An optimized single-end hybrid Rayleigh,Brillouin,and Raman distributed fiber sensing system has been developed for simultaneous measurement of multiple *** system integrates 3-bit pulse coding for the Raman signal and the Brillouin amplification of the Rayleigh-backscattered signal,discriminating strain,temperature,and vibration using a single sensing fiber.

关键词： fiber Rayleigh signal

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Berry-Esseen bounds for self-normalized sums of locally dependent random variables

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第11期67卷 2629-2652页

作者： Zhuo-song Zhang Department of Statistics and Data Science Southern University of Science and Technology

The Berry-Esseen bound provides an upper bound on the Kolmogorov distance between a random variable and the normal *** this paper,we establish Berry-Esseen bounds with optimal rates for self-normalized sums of locally dependent random variables,assuming only a second-moment *** proof leverages Stein's method and introduces a novel randomized concentration inequality,which may also be of independent interest for other *** main results have applied to self-normalized sums of m-dependent random variables and graph dependency models.

关键词： Berry-Esseen bounds self-normalized sums localdependence $m$-dependence graph dependency

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