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Ocular Manifestations during Rheumatoid Arthritis in Conakry

Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2022年第4期12卷 373-381页

作者： Alpha Ibrahima Balde Aly Badra Kamissoko Fremba Camara sonassa diane Emmanuel Yombouno Adel Lelano Mohamed Awada Ophthalmology Department of the Inter-Army Medical and Surgical Centre (CMCIA/BQG) of Camp Samory Touré in Conakry Co-nakry Guinea Rheumatology Department of the National Ignace Deen Hospital CHU of Conakry Conakry Guinea Regional Hospital of Kankan Kankan Guinea

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the joints and may also manifest with extra-articular symptoms. Ocular involvement is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and may represent the main clinical manifestation of the disease. Aim: To study the epidemiological and therapeutic particularities of ocular manifestations during rheumatoid arthritis in Conakry. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 6 months duration from 1 January to 30 June 2018 on patients with RA. All patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatism in whom the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis had been made according to the diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 and these patients benefited from a complete ophthalmologic examination. Results: We enrolled 22 patients. The mean age was 43.45 ± 16.07 years (range 21 and 79 years). The mean age at onset of symptoms was 39.4 years with a mean time to diagnosis of RA of 3.9 years. Females dominated with 77.27% of cases with a sex ratio of 0.22 M/F. Photophobia (39.29%), xerophthalmia (31.82%), lacrimation and decreased vision 5 cases or 22.73 each, pruritus (9.09%), foreign body sensation and red eye with 2 cases each or 9.09% were the most frequent symptoms. The different ophthalmological diagnoses found were dry eye 19 cases or 86.36%, allergic conjunctivitis 4 cases or 18.18%, ametropia 3 cases or 13.64%, cataract 2 cases or 9.09%, superficial punctate keratitis 2 cases or 9.09% and chronic glaucoma 1 case or 4.55%. The management of dry eye was based on tear substitutes. Cataract cases (9.09%) required surgical intervention while patients with ametropia (13.04%) received optical correction. Cases of allergic conjunctivitis (18.18%) were reported. Conclusion: Good coordination between the ophthalmologist and the rheumatologist is necessary to optimize the management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Ocular Involvement Conakry

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Hypertensive Retinopathy in Guinean Hypertensive Women: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2022年第4期12卷 335-344页

作者： sonassa diane Abdoul Karim Baldé Thierno Madiou Bah Alpha Ibrahima Baldé Maxime Dantouma Sovogui Fremba Camara Cyrielle Kouakou Mensah Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Bartimaeus Ophthalmological Clinic Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Kankan Regional Hospital Kankan Guinea

Introduction: Hypertensive retinopathy is the set of retinal and papillary manifestations secondary to acute or chronic acute or chronic high blood pressure. Its frequency increases with age in women, its treatment requires the balance of blood pressure figures. Purpose: To study in women the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of Hypertensive retinopathy at the application center of the Diploma of Specialized Studies in Ophthalmology (CADES/O). Patients and Methods: Prospective study conducted on 92 women who met the inclusion criteria over a period of six (6) months, from October 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022 in whom the diagnosis of Hypertensive Retinopathy was retained according to the Kirkendall classification. Results: We collected 92 patients with an average age of 57.88 years. The hypertensive Retinopathy was present at 61.75%. The age group of 60 - 69 years was the most represented at 40.22%. The socio-professional stratum most affected was housewives. The duration of the evolution of high blood pressure was from 2 - 5 years representing 57.61% of our study cases;the most common grade of high blood pressure was Grade II at 60.87%. Treatment of hypertension was irregularly followed in 73.91%. Stage II according to Kirkendall’s classification was 58.70% common;the recurrent sign was retinal hemorrhage at 30.43%. Blood pressure balance was the treatment recommended to our patients at 80.48%. Conclusion: Hypertensive retinopathy is common in women and its management remains the balance of blood pressure figures with periodic and multidisciplinary monitoring.

关键词： High Blood Pressure Hypertensive Retinopathy CADES/O. Guinean Woman

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Corneal Trauma: An Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Study in CADES/O Donka

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2022年第4期12卷 362-372页

作者： Abdoul Karim Balde sonassa diane Sidibe Kader Aziz Abdoul Karim Barry Abdoulaye Magassouba Dantouma Maxim Sovogui Thierno Madiou Bah Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques of Conakry Conakry Guinea CADES/O (Application Center of the Diploma of Specialized Studies in Ophthalmology) Donka Conakry Guinea Bartimé Hospital of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Corneal trauma can be defined as any impact on the cornea following direct or indirect trauma by a traumatic agent. Due to its anatomical position, the cornea is the superficial membrane most exposed to ocular trauma. It is a frequent pathology in ophthalmology, especially in young active subjects. It is an important cause of poor vision or loss of the eyeball with a significant socio-economic impact. Material and Method: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of descriptive type with a duration of 5 months from November 01, 2020 to March 31, 2021 in order to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of corneal trauma. Results: During the study period, 179 patients consulted for corneal trauma, i.e. 64.9% of ocular trauma. The age group 20 to 29 years old was the most affected with a frequency of 29.1%. The average age of our patients was 26.6 years old, with extremes ranging from 1 to 75 years old. The majority of patients were male with a frequency of 68.2% and a sex ratio of 2.1. Decreased visual acuity was the most frequent reason for consultation in our patients with 93.2%. Perforation was the most frequent type of trauma with 80.3%. All of our patients were treated with medication (100%), 65.3% with physical treatment and 41.8% with surgery. Conclusion: Corneal trauma is a real public health problem. They are especially frequent in young active subjects. Prevention remains the most effective means of treatment.

关键词： Cornéa Trauma CADES/O

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Factors Associated to Cataract Surgery Failure at Kankan Regional Hospital

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2022年第10期13卷 441-451页

作者： Fremba Camara sonassa Diané Alpha Ibrahima Baldé Mory Camara Ibrahim Diakité Safiatou Camara Department of Ophthalmology (Kankan Regional Hospital) Kankan Republic of Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques (Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry) Conakry Republic of Guinea Joint Medical-Surgical Center Battalion Headquarters (Camp Samory Touré) Conakry Republic of Guinea

Introduction: Cataract surgery has undergone many changes with the size of incision progressively decreasing over time with an incision of 12.0 mm for intracapsular cataract extraction to 2.2 - 2.8 mm in phacoemulsification. However, phacoemulsification due to high cost and equipment maintenance cannot be employed widely in developing countries. The phacoalternative or Manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) offers similar advantages with the merits of wider applicability, less time consuming, a shorter learning curve, and lower cost. Haven’t not being without complications like any other surgery We have identified the factors influencing the outcome of phacoalternative cataract surgery in order to improve our quality of care for our patients suffering from blindness induced by the world’s first leading cause of legal blindness. We have identified the factors influencing the outcome of cataract surgery. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective observational study of the descriptive type lasting six (6) months from March 1 to August 30, 2020 including all patients operated on for cataracts and having lower visual acuity at 3/10. The operating form included demographic data, the patient’s personal ophthalmological history, postoperative visual acuity, per and postoperative complications and the type of pathology involved. The analysis was carried out using epi-info 7.***.0.1 software. Results: During this study period, we collected 61 cases of failure of cataract surgery out of a total of 1182 operated eyes, i.e. a frequency of 5.16%. Women represented more than half of the sample with 74%. Almost all of our patients, i.e. 96.72%, were over the age of 60. Loss of visual acuity was the main complaint in all our patients, i.e. 100% followed by photophobia with 24.4% of cases. Arterial hypertension present in 8.20% of patients was the most common comorbidity in our series followed by diabetes with 4.92%. 18 patients (29.5%) presented early postoperative complications such as corneal edema in 15 patients (24.6

关键词： Cataract Small Incision Complications Failure

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Epidemiological Aspects of Diabetic Retinopathy at the Center of the Application of the Diploma of Specialised Studies in Ophthalmology (Cadeso)/Donka-Conakry

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第3期12卷 533-546页

作者： sonassa Diané Ibrahima Fofana Thierno Madiou Bah Moussa Diawara Zackary Adamou Touré Oscar Adebayo Tonouheoua Tamba Mina Millimouno Sévérin Boni Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Maferinya National Rural Health Training and Researcher Center Forecariah Guinea CHU of Cocody Cocody Abidjan

Purpose: The authors analyzed the epidemiological and clinical aspects of diabetic retinopathy at the Center for the Application of the Specialized Studies Diploma in Ophthalmology, Gamal Abdel Nasser University (CHU/ Donka) Conakry. Diabetic retinopathy (eye damage: eye and retina) is a serious complication of diabetes that affects 50% of type 2 diabetic patients. The eyes are particularly sensitive to damage to a small vessel. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the retinal localization of diabetic micro angiopathy resulting in impaired blood flow in the affected territories, the consequences of which will determine the clinical manifestations of the disease. DR is the leading cause of vision loss in adults of working age. Patients and Methods: This is a longitudinal prospective study carried out at CADES/O concerning 198 diabetic patients. The selection criteria were that the media be transparent and the fundus accessible over a period of six months from February to July 2018. Results: A total of 73 patients (37%) presented with diabetic retinopathy with an average age of 49.5 +/−9 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.6 with a female predominance of 59%. Liberal profession patients were the most numerous 47.5%. Type 2 diabetes was the most common (85.86%). Diabetes fundus assessment was the most common reason for consultation (52%). Arterial hypertension was the most incriminated risk factor (45.45%) followed by the poor balance of diabetes (40.90%), and the age of diabetes (28.28%). 9.5% had diabetic retinopathy complicated by rubella iris, neovascular glaucoma and retinal detachment. Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is a common condition for which early detection and regular monitoring must be the rule to prevent, slow down or avoids irreversible blindness if possible, induced by this pathology by a good balance of diabetes and good control of associated risk factors.

关键词： Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology Center for the Application of the Specialized Studies Diploma in Ophthalmology (CADES/O)

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