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Integrating the Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) and the Frequency Ratio(FR) Model in Landslide Susceptibility Mapping of Shiv-khola Watershed,Darjeeling Himalaya

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第4期4卷 200-212页

作者： Sujit mondal Ramkrishna Maiti Department of Geography Raja N.L.Khan Women’s CollegePaschim MedinipurWest Bengal721102India Department of Geography and Environment Management Vidyasagar UniversityPaschim MedinipurWest Bengal721102India

To prepare a landslide susceptibility map of Shivkhola watershed,one of the landslide prone parts of Darjeeling Himalaya,remote sensing and GIS tools were used to integrate 10 landslide triggering parameters:lithology,slope angle,slope aspect,slope curvature,drainage density,upslope contributing area(UCA),lineament,settlement density,road contributing area(RCA),and land use and land cover(LULC).The Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) was applied to derive factor weights using MATLAB with reasonable consistency ratio(CR).The frequency ratio(FR) model was used to derive class frequency ratio or class weights that indicate the relative importance of individual classes for each *** weighted linear combination(WLC) method was used to determine the landslide susceptibility index value(LSIV) on a GIS platform,by incorporating both factor weights and class *** Shiv-khola watershed is classified into five landslide susceptibility *** overall classification accuracy is 99.22 and Kappa Statistics is 0.894.

关键词： weights susceptibility watershed

Preparation of rice fermented food using root of Asparagus racemosus as herbal starter and assessment of its nutrient profle

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第1期2卷 147-156页

作者： Papan Kumar Hor Debabrata Goswami Kuntal Ghosh Miklós Takó Suman Kumar Halder Keshab Chandra mondal Department of Microbiology Vidyasagar UniversityMidnaporeWest Bengal 721102India Department of Biological Sciences Midnapore City CollegeMidnaporeIndia Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

The popularity of traditional fermented food products is based on their *** addition of a starter brings consistent,desirable,and predictable food changes with improved nutritive,functional,and sensory *** addition of a mixture of plant residues as a starter or source of microbes is an age-old practice to prepare traditional fermented food and beverages,and most of the reported data on traditional foods were based on the analysis of the fnal *** contribution of an individual starter component(plant residue)is not experimentally substantiated for any traditional fermented food,but this data are very essential for the formulation of an efective *** this study,Asparagus racemosus,which used as a common ingredient of starter for preparation of rice fermented food in the Indian sub-continent,was used as a starter for the preparation of rice fermented food under laboratory scale,and its microbial and nutrient profle was *** fermented product was a good source of lactic acid bacteria,Bifdobacterium sp.,yeast,*** food product was acidic and enriched with lactic acid and acetic acid with titratable acidity of 0.65%.The content of protein,fat,minerals,and vitamins(water-soluble)was considerably *** notably,oligosaccharide(G3-matotriose),unsaturated fatty acids(ω3,ω6,ω7,andω9),and a pool of essential and non-essential amino acids were enriched in the newly formulated ***,the herbal starter-based rice fermented food would provide important macro-and *** could also deliver large numbers of active microorganisms for the sustainability of ***,the selected plant part conferred its suitability as an efective starter for the preparation of healthier rice-based food products.

关键词： Food fermentation Starter Asparagus racemosus LAB Bifdobacterium spp. Macro-and micronutrients

Estimation of total water storage changes in India

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第10期14卷 1294-1315页

作者： Arun mondal Venkataraman Lakshmi School of Earth Ocean and the Environment University of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA Department of Engineering Systems and Environment University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA

Long-term droughts significantly impact surface and groundwater resources in India,however,observed changes in major river basins have not been well *** we use Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)at three different time scales(24,48,and 60 months)to identify long-term droughts in India for the observed record of *** characteristics(extent,events,frequency,and intensity)are analyzed for different river basins in *** trend in the areal extent of droughts is observed in two methods with three time scales in the maximum area(63.66%)in *** use the data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)to estimate the changes in the terrestrial water storage(TWS)during the period *** identify that major long-term droughts in India occurred from 1966 to 1969,1972,1986-1987,and *** all-India average TWS shows a negative trend from 2002 to 2015 with prominent decline in north Indian river basins and positive trend in south Indian river *** and SPEI at longer time scales are positively associated with TWS indicating the adverse impacts of droughts on surface and groundwater resources in such a populated region.

关键词： Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI) Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI) the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE) terrestrial water storage anomaly(TWSA)

Adaptive integral higher order sliding mode controller for uncertain systems

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2013年第1期11卷 61-68页

作者： Sanjoy mondal Chitralekha MAHANTA Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

This paper proposes an adaptive integral higher order sliding mode （HOSM） controller for uncertain sys- tems. Instead of a regular control input, the derivative of the control input is used in the proposed control law. The discon- tinuous sign function in the controller is made to act on the time derivative of the control input. The actual control signal obtained by integrating the derivative control signal is smooth and chattering free. The adaptive tuning law used in the proposed controller eliminates the need of prior knowledge about the upper bound of the system uncertainties. Stability and robustness of the proposed controller are proved by using the classical Lyapunov criterion. Simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed control scheme.

关键词： Higher order sliding mode Adaptive tuning Integral sliding mode Uncertain systems Chattering

Homogeneous Finite-Time Consensus Control for Higher-Order Multi-Agent Systems by Full Order Sliding Mode

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2018年第5期31卷 1186-1205页

作者： mondal Sanjoy GHOMMAM Jawhar SAAD Maarouf School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de technologie superieure

This paper investigates the distributed finite-time consensus tracking problem for higher-order nonlinear multi-agent systems (MASs). The distributed finite-time consensus protocol is based on full order sliding surface and super twisting algorithm. The nominal consensus control for the MASs is designed based on the geometric homogeneous finite time control technique. The chattering is avoided by designing a full order sliding surface. The switching control is constructed by integrating super twisting algorithm, hence a chattering alleviation protocol is obtained to maintain a smooth control input. The finite time convergence analysis for the leader follower network is presented by using strict Lyapunov function. Finally, the numerical simulations validate the proposed homogeneous full-order sliding mode control for higher-order MASs.

关键词：有限时间控制技术代理人同类系统滑动模式控制 Lyapunov 算法构造

Uncertainty of soil erosion modelling using open source high resolution and aggregated DEMs

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第3期8卷 425-436页

作者： Arun mondal Deepak Khare Sananda Kundu Sandip Mukherjee Anirban Mukhopadhyay Surajit mondal Department of Water Resources Development & Management Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Department of Natural Resources TERI University New Delhi 110 070 India School of Oceanographic Studies Jadavpur University Kolkata India d Division of Land Division of Land & Water Management Research Complex for Eastern Region(RCER)Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR) Patna India

Digital Elevation Model （DEM） is one of the important parameters for soil erosion assessment. Notable uncertainties are observed in this study while using three high resolution open source DEMs. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） model has been applied to analysis the assessment of soil erosion uncertainty using open source DEMs （SRTM, ASTER and CARTOSAT） and their increasing grid space （pixel size） from the actual. The study area is a part of the Narmada river basin in Madhya Pradesh state, which is located in the central part of India and the area covered 20,558 km2. The actual resolution of DEMs is 30 m and their increasing grid spaces are taken as 90, 150, 210, 270 and 330 m for this study. Vertical accuracy of DEMs has been assessed using actual heights of the sample points that have been taken considering planimetric survey based map （toposheet）. Elevations of DEMs are converted to the same vertical datum from WGS 84 to MSL （Mean Sea Level）, before the accuracy assessment and modelling. Results indicate that the accuracy of the SRTM DEM with the RMSE of 13.31, 14.51, and 18.19 m in 30, 150 and 330 m resolution respectively, is better than the ASTER and the CARTOSAT DEMs. When the grid space of the DEMs increases, the accuracy of the elevation and calculated soil erosion decreases. This study presents a potential uncertainty introduced by open source high resolution DEMs in the accuracy of the soil erosion assessment models. The research provides an analysis of errors in selecting DEMs using the original and increased grid space for soil erosion modelling.

关键词： DEM RUSLE SRTM ASTER CARTOSAT

Litterfall,decomposition and nutrient release of Shorea robusta and Tectona grandis in a sub-tropical forest of West Bengal,Eastern India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 1055-1065页

作者： Chittaranjan Das Naba Kumar mondal Department of Environmental Science The University of Burdwan

We studied leaf litter fall, decomposition and nutrient release patterns of Shorea robusta and Tectona grandis by using a litter bag technique to better understand the release pattern of nutrients to soil from leaf litter. Annual litterfall varied from 13.40 ± 2.56 t ha-1 a-1 for S. robusta to 11.03 ± 3.72 t ha-1 a-1 for T. grandis and the decay constant （k） of decomposed leaf litter was distinctly higher for T. grandis （2.70 ± 0.50 a-1） compared to S. robusta （2.41 ±0.30 a-1）. Biomass loss was positively correlated with the initial litter C, WSC, C/N and ash content in S. robusta and N, P and K concentration for T. grandis. Biomass was negatively correlated with lignin and L/N ratio for S. robusta and L, WSC, L/N and C/N ratio for T. grandis （P 〈 0.01）. Nutrient use efficiency （NUE） and nutrient accumulation index （NAI） of S. robusta was higher than for T. grandis. The retranslocation of bioelements from senescent leaves ranked as P 〉 N 〉 K. Annual N, P and K input to soil through litterfall differed significantly between the two species in the following order： N〉K^P. S. robusta was superior in terms of K and P return and T. grandis was superior in terms of N return. The two tree species showed a similar patterns of nutrient release （K 〉 P 〉 N） during decomposition of their leaf *** of N, K and P were the primary limiting nutrients returned to soil through litterfall with important roles in soil fertility and forest productivity.

关键词： Decay constant Lignin Litterfall Nutrientreturn Decomposition Nutrient use efficiency

Isothermal Grain Growth of Austenite in Hypoeutectoid and Hypereutectoid Plain Carbon Steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2010年第7期17卷 38-43页

作者： Joydeep Maity Dipak Kumar mondal Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Durgapur

Grain growth kinetics of austenite in a hypoeutectoid steel（containing carbon of 0.35%）at 920 ℃ and in a hypereutectoid steel（containing carbon of 1%）at 980 ℃ for holding time ranging from 1 h to 6 h was *** hypoeutectoid steel exhibited normal grain growth without solute drag hindrance with a time exponent（0.51）close to the theoretical value（0.5）.However,the grain growth of austenite in the hypereutectoid steel held up to 3 h was extremely slow,characterizing by a low value of time exponent（0.08）.Thereafter,a breakaway occurred and the grain growth in the hypereutectoid steel held from 3 h to 6 h progressed normally with a time exponent（0.52）close to the theoretical value（0.5）.

关键词： plain carbon steel grain growth time exponent solute drag

Palaeogeographic reconstruction of a fluvio-marine transitional system in Narmada rift basin, India——Implications on Late Cretaceous global sea-level rise

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第1期10卷 76-97页

作者： Biplab Bhattacharya Suparna Jha Prantik mondal Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India Geological Survey of India Jabalpur 482003India

Rising sea-levels in tectonically active epicontinental basins often lead to varied depositional settings and palaeogeography, mostly influenced by the net accommodation resulting from mutual interference of the extent and nature of landward encroachment by the sea and the net sedimentation. The Cenomanian Nimar Sandstone Formation, Bagh Group, Narmada rift basin, uniquely portrays the effect of sea-level rise within an intra-cratonic setting and attributes to the corresponding palaeogeographic changes in west-central India. An integrated sedimentological–sequence-stratigraphic study of the broadly fining-upward Nimar Sandstone Formation(thickness~ 20–30 m) depicts the actual nature of changeover from a fluvial to a marine-dominated transitional depositional setting. Detailed sedimentological study reveals total seventeen facies, grouped in five facies associations, viz., the channel-fill facies association(FA-1), the overbank facies association(FA-2), the fluvial-dominated fluvio-tidal facies association(FA-3), the tide-dominated fluvio-tidal facies association(FA-4), and the shoreface facies association(FA-5). Overall facies architecture indicates a west-to-eastward marine encroachment, resulting in stacking of three distinct palaeo-depositional conditions:(i) an initial fluvial system with channel and overbank, changing into a tideinfluenced fluvial bay-head delta in the inner estuary, followed by(ii) marine encroachment leading to a tidedominated central estuary with inter-to sub-tidal settings, and finally,(iii) with further intense marine encroachments, a wave-reworked open shore condition in the outer estuary zone. The overall fining-up succession with a systematic change from fluvial to marine-dominated depositional systems points to a landward shift of the shoreline, signifying a major transgressive event correlated to the Cenomanian global sea-level rise. Characteristic stratal stacking patterns point to four coarsening-and fining-up hemicycles, embedded w

关键词： Late Cretaceous Fluvial-estuary transition Nimar Sandstone Formation Bagh Group Narmada rift basin Transgressive–regressive cycles Global sea-level