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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2023年第4期39卷 728-748页

作者： somnath mondal Santu DEY Arindam BHATTACHARYYA Department of Mathematics Jadavpur UniversityKolkata-700032India Department of Mathematics Bidhan Chandra College Asansol-4West Bengal-713304India

The prime object in this article is to study an almostη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton and gradient almostη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton within the framework of almost Kenmotsu manifolds.It is shown that normal almost Kenmotsu manifold admitting an almostη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton or gradientη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton is locally isometric to hyperbolic space H^(2n+1)(-1).Next,we prove that if a(κ,μ)almost Kenmotsu manifold admits an almostη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton,then the manifold isη-Einstein.Besides,we find the condition for non-normal almost Kenmotsu manifolds acknowledging gradient almostη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton.Moreover,an almostη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton on(κ,μ)’-almost Kenmotsu manifold has been studied.Lastly,we construct an example of a gradient almostη-Ricci-Yamabe soliton on a 3-dimensional Kenmotsu manifold.

关键词： Ricci soliton (k μ)-almost Kenmotsu manifold (r μ)-almost Kenmotsu manifold n-Ricci-Yamabe soliton

High yield expression of proteins in <i>E. coli</i>for NMR studies

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第6期4卷 751-767页

作者： somnath mondal Divya Shet Chinmayi Prasanna Hanudatta S. Atreya NMR Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India

In recent years, high yield expression of proteins in E. coli has witnessed rapid progress with developments of new methodologies and technologies. An important advancement has been the development of novel recombinant cloning approaches and protocols to express heterologous proteins for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies and for isotopic enrichment. Isotope labeling in NMR is necessary for rapid acquisition of high dimensional spectra for structural studies. In addition, higher yield of proteins using various solubility and affinity tags has made protein over-expression cost-effective. Taken together, these methods have opened new avenues for structural studies of proteins and their interactions. This article deals with the different techniques that are employed for over-expression of proteins in E. coli and different methods used for isotope labeling of proteins vis-à-vis NMR spectroscopy.

关键词： E. Coli Recombinant DNA Technology Structural Biology NMR Spectroscopy

Exfoliation,functionalization and antibacterial activity of transition metal dichalcogenides

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 1-16页

作者： Avijit mondal Mrinmoy De Department of Organic Chemistry Indian Institute of ScienceBengaluru 560012India

Due to the growing resistance of available drugs to bacterial infection and the slow development of antibiotics,there is a continuous need to design and develop new antibacterial agents.The interest to develop transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)based antibacterial agents has significantly increased in recent years.This research interest is driven by their interesting properties such as metallic and semiconducting nature of different phases,electronic confinement,large surface to volume ratio,the possibility of surface functionalization,and their potential application as a material in biomedical sciences.Different synthetic strategies have been developed to synthesize monolayered TMDs and their functionalization with different bioactive molecules.Researchers have given a lot of effort to establish the structure-activity correlation between different TMDs and their antibacterial activity.Here,we have reviewed various exfoliation strategies for TMDs,different methods for their functionalization,and the antibacterial activity of different TMDs.

关键词： Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMD) Functionalization Antibacterial activity Antibacterial mechanism

Effect of metal fractions on rice grain metal uptake and biological parameters in mica mines waste contaminated soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 313-324页

作者： Saibal Ghosh Sandip mondal Jajati Mandal Abhishek Mukherjee Pradip Bhattacharyya Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit Indian Statistical InstituteGiridihJharkhand 815301India School of Science Engineering&EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchester M54WTUK

Heavy metals from mica waste not only deteriorate the soil quality but also results in the uptake of metals in the crop.The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of different fractions of metals on the uptake in rice,soil microbial and biochemical properties in mica waste-contaminated soils of Jharkhand,India.From each active mine,soil samples were randomly collected at distances of100 m(zone 3).Sequential metal extraction was used to determine the fractions of different metals(nickel(Ni),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr)and lead(Pb))including water-soluble(Ws)and exchangeable metals(Ex),carbonate-bound metals(CBD),Fe/Mn oxide(OXD)bound metals,organically bound metals(ORG),and residues(RS).The Ni,Cr,Cd and Pb in rice grain were 0.83±0.41,0.41±0.19,0.21±0.14 and 0.17±0.08 mg/kg respectively.From the variable importance plot of the random forest(RF)algorithm,the Ws fraction of Ni,Cr and Cd and Ex fraction of Pb was the most important predictor for rice grain metal content.Further,the partial dependence plots(PDP)give us an insight into the role of the two most important metal fractions on rice grain metal content.The microbial and enzyme activity was significantly and negatively correlated with Ws and Ex metal fractions,indicating that water-soluble and exchangeable fractions exert a strong inhibitory effect on the soil microbiological parameters and enzyme activities.

关键词： Metal fractions Microbial parameters Mica waste soil Soil enzymes Rice Random forest

Geomorphic signatures and active tectonics in western Saurashtra,Gujarat,India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第1期15卷 82-99页

作者： Bikramaditya mondal Mery Biswas Soumyajit Mukherjee Mohamedharoon A.Shaikh Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai 400076MaharashtraIndia Department of Geography Presidency UniversityKolkata 700073West BengalIndia

Active tectonics in an area includes ongoing or recent geologic events.This paper investigates the tectonic influence on the subsidence,uplift and tilt of western Saurashtra through morphotectonic analysis of ten watersheds along with characteristics of relief and drainage orientation.Watersheds 7-9 to the north(N)are tectonically active,which can be linked with the North Kathiawar Fault System(NKFS)and followed by watersheds 6,10,1,4 and 5.Stream-length gradient index and sinuosity index indicate the effect of tectonic events along the master streams in watersheds 6-9.Higher R^(2)values of the linear curve fit for watershed 7 indicate its master stream is much more tectonically active than the others.The R^(2)curve fitting model and earthquake magnitude/depth analysis confirm the region to be active.The reactivation of the NKFS most likely led to the vertical movement of western Saurashtra.

关键词： Active tectonics Geomorphology Western Saurashtra Archeology North kathiawar fault system

Study of Complex Nitrogen and Oxygen-bearing Molecules toward the High-mass Protostar IRAS 18089–1732

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 83-95页

作者： Arijit Manna Sabyasachi Pal Tapas Baug Sougata mondal Department of Physics Midnapore City CollegePaschim Medinipur S.N.Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences

The observation of oxygen （O）-and nitrogen （N）-bearing molecules gives an idea about the complex prebiotic chemistry in the interstellar medium.Recent millimeter and submillimeter wavelength observations have shown the presence of complex O-and N-bearing molecules in the star formation regions.So,the investigation of those molecules is crucial to understanding the chemical complexity in the star-forming regions.In this article,we present the identification of the rotational emission lines of N-bearing molecules ethyl cyanide （C2H5CN） and cyanoacetylene （HC3N）,and O-bearing molecule methyl formate （CH3OCHO） toward high-mass protostar IRAS18089–1732 using the Atacama Compact Array.We also detected the emission lines of both the N-and O-bearing molecule formamide （NH2CHO） in the envelope of IRAS 18089–1732.We have detected the v=0 and 1 state rotational emission lines of CH3OCHO.We also detected the two vibrationally excited states of HC3N （v7=1 and v7=2）.The estimated fractional abundances of C2H5CN,HC3N （v7=1）,HC3N （v7=2）,and NH2CHO toward IRAS 18089–1732 are （1.40±0.5）×10-10,（7.5±0.7）×10-11,（3.1±0.4）×10-11,and （6.25±0.82）×10-11respectively.Similarly,the estimated fractional abundances of CH3OCHO （v=0） and CH3OCHO （v=1） are（1.90±0.9）×10-9and （8.90±0.8）×10-10,respectively.We also created the integrated emission maps of the detected molecules,and the observed molecules may have originated from the extended envelope of the protostar.We show that C2H5CNand HC3N are most probably formed via the subsequential hydrogenation of the CH2CHCNand the reaction between C2H2and CN on the grain surface of IRAS 18089–1732.We found that NH2CHO is probably produced due to the reaction between NH2and H2CO in the gas phase.Similarly,CH3OCHO is possibly created via the reaction between radical CH3O and radical HCO on the grain surface of IRAS 18089–1732.

关键词： astrochemistry ISM: abundances ISM: individual objects (IRA 18089-1732) (except) ISM: kinematics and dynamics stars: formation

Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents:Exploring the disease heterogeneity and research gaps to optimum management

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 80-99页

作者： Subhodip Pramanik Sunetra mondal Rajan Palui Sayantan Ray Department of Endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multi-specialty hospitalSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswarBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Over the past 20 years,the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in children and adolescents have increased,particularly in racial and ethnic minorities.Despite the rise in T2DM in children and adolescents,the pathophysiology and progression of disease in this population are not clearly understood.Youth-onset T2DM has a more adverse clinical course than is seen in those who develop T2DM in adulthood or those with T1DM.Furthermore,the available therapeutic options are more limited for children and adolescents with T2DM compared to adult patients,mostly due to the challenges of implementing clinical trials.A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development and aggressive disease phenotype of T2DM in youth is important to finding effective prevention and management strategies.This review highlights the key evidence about T2DM in children and adolescents and its current burden and challenges both in clinical care and research activities.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Children and adolescents Pathophysiology Heterogeneity Complications Treatment options Barriers

Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and heart disease:Current perspectives

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第5期16卷 240-259页

作者： Sunetra mondal Subhodip Pramanik Vibhu Ranjan Khare Cornelius James Fernandez Joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical CollegeKolkata 700020West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multispecialty HospitalsSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT-2i)are antidiabetic medications with remarkable cardiovascular(CV)benefits proven by multiple randomised controlled trials and real-world data.These drugs are also useful in the prevention of CV disease(CVD)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM).Although DM as such is a huge risk factor for CVD,the CV benefits of SGLT-2i are not just because of antidiabetic effects.These molecules have proven beneficial roles in prevention and management of nondiabetic CVD and renal disease as well.There are various molecular mechanisms for the organ protective effects of SGLT-2i which are still being elucidated.Proper understanding of the role of SGLT-2i in prevention and management of CVD is important not only for the cardiologists but also for other specialists caring for various illnesses which can directly or indirectly impact care of heart diseases.This clinical review compiles the current evidence on the rational use of SGLT-2i in clinical practice.

关键词： SGLT2 inhibitors SGLT2i Cardiovascular disease Heart failure Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Diabetic kidney disease

Management of male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism:A clinical update

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-28页

作者： Mohan T Shenoy Sunetra mondal Cornelius James Fernandez Joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology Sree Gokulam Medical Collegeand Research FoundationTrivandrum 695607KeralaIndia Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The global obesity pandemic has resulted in a rise in the prevalence of male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism(MOSH)with emerging evidence on the role of testosterone therapy.We aim to provide an updated and practical approach towards its management.We did a comprehensive literature search across MEDLINE(via PubMed),Scopus,and Google Scholar databases using the keywords“MOSH”OR“Obesity-related hypogonadism”OR“Testosterone replacement therapy”OR“Selective estrogen receptor modulator”OR“SERM”OR“Guidelines on male hypogonadism”as well as a manual search of references within the articles.A narrative review based on available evidence,recommendations and their practical implications was done.Although weight loss is the ideal therapeutic strategy for patients with MOSH,achievement of significant weight reduction is usually difficult with lifestyle changes alone in real-world practice.Therefore,androgen administration is often necessary in the management of hypogonadism in patients with MOSH which also improves many other comorbidities related to obesity.However,there is conflicting evidence for the appropriate use of testosterone replacement therapy(TRT),and it can also be associated with complications.This evidence-based review updates the available evidence including the very recently published results of the TRAVERSE trial and provides comprehensive clinical practice pearls for the management of patients with MOSH.Before starting testosterone replacement in functional hypogonadism of obesity,it would be desirable to initiate lifestyle modification to ensure weight reduction.TRT should be coupled with the management of other comorbidities related to obesity in MOSH patients.Balancing the risks and benefits of TRT should be considered in every patient before and during longterm management.

关键词： Male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism Androgen therapy Testosterone replacement therapy Obesity Cardiovascular benefits

Synergistic enhancement of photocatalytic and antimicrobial efficacy of nitrogen and erbium co-doped ZnO nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 859-868,I0002页

作者： Sudipta mondal Moniruzzaman Jamal Sikder Ashikuzzaman Ayon Md Jannatul Ferdous Anik Md Muktadir Billah Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka1000Bangladesh School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonI28USA

Using the chemical co-precipitation approach,a series of nitrogen(N) and erbium(Er) co-doped ZnO nanoparticles(NPs) was effectively synthesized to enhance the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities.Several characterization techniques,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectro scopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),UV-vis,and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy,were carried out to validate the evaluated photocatalytic and antibacterial activities.XRD analysis confirms the pure wurtzite ZnO phase without the presence of any secondary phase.XPS analysis confirms the succe ssful incorporation of nitrogen and erbium into the ZnO matrix.The optical bandgap of ZnO calculated from UV-vis spectroscopy shows a redshift after Er-N co-doping,with the lowest bandgap of 3.215 eV calculated for Zn_(0.97)Er_(0.03)N_(0.01)O_(0.99) NPs.SEM images demonstrate the formation of nanorods after N-Er co-doping,followed by gradually increase d rod diameter and length after N-Er co-doping.Moreover,the photocatalytic activities of ZnO samples we re measured by their ability to facilitate the photodegradation of Rhodamine B under UV irradiation.ZnO with 1 mol% N doping exhibits 88% photodegradation of RhB under UV light within 360 min,and the photodegradation and antibacterial activity are greatly improved with Er co-doping.In fact,3 mol% Er-1 mol% N doped ZnO NPs demonstrate the highest photocatalytic activity,with approximately 96% degradation after 360 min,as well as superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(Gram-positive bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Gram-negative bacteria) with the highest zone of inhibition(ZOI) of 16 nm,due to nanorod formation,increased reactive oxygen species(ROS),and decreased electron-hole recombination,as validated by SEM,XPS,and PL spectroscopy.

关键词： Chemical co-precipitation Co-doping Bandgap Photocatalysis Rare earths Antimicrobial