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Characterization of a Novel RING-Type Ubiquitin E3 Ligase GhRING2 Differentially Expressed in Cotton Fiber

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 3364-3379页

作者： Shiva soma Chuan-Yu Hsu Sukumar Saha Johnie N. Jenkins Din-Pow Ma Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pa-thology Mississippi State University Mississippi State USA Institute for Genomics Biocomputing & Biotechnology Mississippi State Uni-versity Mississippi State USA Crop Science Research Laboratory Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Mississippi State USA Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Mississippi State USA

The ubiquitin-proteasome proteolysis pathway is responsible for the degradation of abnormal and short-lived proteins to regulate many important biochemical activities in eukaryotes. By employing affymetrix microarray analysis, we have identified a novel ubiquitin ligase E3 gene GhRING2 that is differentially expressed between two Gossypium hirsutum lines-Texas Marker-1 (TM-1) and Chromosome Substitution Line CS-B25. The CS-B25 line has chromosome 25 from G. barbadense substituted into TM-1. The complete nucleotide sequences of GhRING2 along with its 5’-flanking region were obtained by genomic walking. GhRING2 was highly expressed in elongating fiber, and GUS expression directed by the GhRING2 promoter was found in hypocotyls and young stems of transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Using a yeast two-hybrid assay GhRING2 was found to interact with a PROTODERMAL FACTOR1 (GhPDF1) protein. GhPDF1 was expressed preferentially in immature ovules and fiber initials, and the GhPDF1 gene had been suggested to play a role in cell fate determination and fiber development. Pull down and plasmid swap assays further confirmed the interaction between GhRING2 and GhPDF1. The expression and protein interaction data indicate that GhRING2 may be involved in the turnover of GhPDF1 and participation in the transition from initiation to elongation stages during fiber development. Our data strongly suggest that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway may regulate cotton fiber growth and development. The nucleotide sequence data of GhRING2 in this article have been submitted to the Gen Bank Nucleotide Sequence Data Bases under the accession number BankIt 1,742,008 SeqKM 108,000.

关键词： Cotton Fiber Gossypium hirsutum G. barbadense RING-Type Ubiquitin Ligase Ubiquitination

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酷夏COOL肌肤

化学与生活．绿色生活 2005年第8期 36-38页

作者： soma 陈艳（摄影）

寻找冰凉肌肤因子；降温护肤品逐个捉；6招让肌肤清凉一夏。

关键词：肌肤 COOL 护肤品

Can Natural Farming Help to Combat Climate Variability? A Comparison of Natural and Chemical Farming in Andhra Pradesh, India

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 1321-1342页

作者： Zakir Hussain Vijay Kumar Thallam Reshma soma Kiranmai Jirra Himabindu Anisetti Bhavana Boppana Neelima Dendeti Rythu Sadhikara Samstha (RySS) Guntur AP India

A study was conducted to compare the potential of natural farming versus conventional chemical farming to withstand adverse climate effects. The study investigated two cyclones, namely cyclone Pethai and cyclone Titli of 2018, which caused significant damage to Andhra Pradesh’s coastal corridor. In addition, the impact of heavy rainfall in 2021 on two different farming systems was studied. The worst-affected Paddy crop regions where these cyclones caused severe damage were surveyed. Multiple linear regression was utilized to investigate predictors including crop damage, wind damage, submergence, and yield loss in these two agricultural systems during these two cyclonic and heavy rainfall events. The study indicated that natural farming practices were more resilient to climate variability than conventional chemical farming techniques. The study showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between these two farming systems in terms of damage caused due to climate variabilities.

关键词： Natural Farming Climate Resilience Cyclones Heavy Rainfall

Poly Ethylene Glycols as Efficient Media for the Synthesis of β-Nitro Styrenes from α, β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids and Metal Nitrates under Conventional and Non-Conventional Conditions

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2011年第4期1卷 132-148页

作者： Kamatala Chinna Rajanna Kola Ramesh soma Ramgopal somannagari Shylaja Pochampally Giridhar Reddy Pondichery Kuppuswamy Saiprakash 不详

Poly ethylene glycols (PEG-200, 400, 600, 4000 and 6000) supported reactions were conducted with certain α, β-unsaturated acids in presence of metal nitrates under solvent free (solid state) and mineral acid free conditions. The reactants were ground in a mortar with a pestle for about 30 minutes. The aromatic acids underwent nitro decarboxylation and afforded β-nitro styrene derivatives in very good yield while α, β-unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids gave corresponding nitro derivatives. Addition of PEG accelerated rate of the reaction enormously. Reaction times substantially decreased from several hours to few minutes followed by highly significant increase in the product yield. Among the several PEGs PEG-300 has been found to be much more effective than other PEGs.

关键词： Poly Ethylene Glycols (PEG) Rate Accelerations α β-Unsaturated Acids Metal Nitrates Solvent Free (Solid State) β-Nitro Styrene Derivatives β-Unsaturated Aliphatic Acids Nitro Derivatives

Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical and Optical Limiting Properties of Phthalocyanine Thin Films Studied Using Z-Scan

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2011年第5期2卷 299-306页

作者： soma Venugopal Rao Puliparambil Thilakan Anusha Turaga Shuvan Prashant Debasis Swain Surya P. Tewari 不详

We have investigated the nonlinear optical properties, optical limiting thresholds, and figures of merits for five different phthalocyanine thin films, achieved through doping in PMMA polymer, using the Z-scan technique at 800 nm with 2 ps laser pulse excitation. From the open-aperture Z-scan data we derived that these molecules exhibit strong two photon absorption (2PA) with the nonlinear coefficients in the range of 15 - 200 cm/GW. We have also estimated the sign and magnitude of real part of third order nonlinearity through the closed aperture data. Preliminary femtosecond pump-probe data suggests that the lifetimes of excited states are in the sub-100 ps regime for all the molecules in film form. Our studies provide concrete evidence that these phthalocyanines are prospective candidates for multi-photon imaging and optical limiting applications.

关键词： Z-Scan Phthalocyanines Thin Films Picosecond Figures of Merit

Selection of Reference Genes in Equine White Blood Cells for Real Time PCR Normalization Following Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2014年第2期4卷 72-80页

作者： Zibin Jiang Jinwen Chen Cornelius E. Uboh Mary A. Robinson Lawrence R. soma Department of Clinical Studies New Bolton Center Campus University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine Philadelphia USA Department of Clinical Studies New Bolton Center Campus University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine Philadelphia USA Pennsylvania Equine Toxicology & Research Center Department of Chemistry West Chester University West Chester USA

Selection of proper reference genes (RGs) is an essential step needed for accurate normalization of results from genomic studies. Expression of RGs is regulated by many factors such as species, age, gender, type of tissue, the presence of disease, and the administration of therapeutic treatment. The aim of the present study was to identify optimal RGs in a set of blood samples collected at different time points (0, 24, 48, 72 h) from horses following administration of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT). The mRNA expression of twelve RGs: HPRT1, ACTB, HSP90A, SDHA, GUSB, B2M, UBC, NONO, TBP, H6PD, RPL32, GAPDH was determined using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). An SAS program developed on the algorithm of geNorm, SASqPCR, was used to determine stability of the expression and the number of optimal RGs. The results showed that the range of quantification cycle (Cq) values of the evaluated genes varied between 17 and 26 cycles, and that one optimal RG, ACTB, was sufficient for normalization of gene expression. Results of stability of expression demonstrated that ACTB was the optimal choice for all the samples studied. Notably, in samples collected at 72 h post ESWT, TBP showed a significant change in the expression level, and was not suitable for use as a RG. These results substantiate the importance of validating and selecting an appropriate RG.

关键词： Reference Genes Real Time PCR Normalization Equine White Blood Cell Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy

Rate Enhancements in the Acetylation and Benzoylation of Certain Aromatic Compounds with Vilsmeier-Haack Reagents Using Acetamide, Benzamide and Oxychlorides under Non-Conventional Conditions

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2011年第4期1卷 233-241页

作者： Marri Venkateswarlu Kamatala Chinna Rajanna Mukka Satish Kumar Utkoor Umesh Kumar soma Ramgopal Pondichery Kuppuswamy Saiprakash 不详

Acetylation and benzoylation reactions of certain aromatic aldehydes, ketones with Vilsmeier-Haack Re- agents using Acetamide and Oxychloride (SOCl2 or POCl3) under conventional (thermal) and non conven- tional [microwave irradiated (MIR), ultrasonic assisted and solvent free mortar pestle (grinding)] conditions. Reactions afforded good to excellent yields of products with both the VH reagents, reaction times were fairly less in the case of [amide/POCl3] than those of [amide/SOCl2] reagent. Reactions are dramatically acceler- ated in under sonicated and microwave irradiations with a trend: MIR (few seconds) >> Sonication (minutes) > Grinding (min) >> thermal (several hrs).

关键词： Acetylation Benzoylation Vilsmeier-Haack Reagent (VHR) Acetamide Benzamide Micro Wave Irradiation Grinding Sonication

Nonlinear Optical Studies of DNA Doped Rhodamine 6G-PVA Films Using Picosecond Pulses

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2012年第3期2卷 135-139页

作者： Sasidharan Sreeja Balan Nityaja Debasis Swain Vadakkedathu Parameswaran Narayana Nampoori Padmanabhan Radhakrishnan soma Venugopal Rao Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM) University of Hyderabad Prof. C. R. Rao Road Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India International School of Photonics Cochin University of Science and Technology Cochin India

We present our results from the measurements of third-order optical nonlinearity in DNA doped Rhodamine 6G/PVA films achieved through Z-scan measurements using ~2 picosecond (ps) pulses at a wavelength of 800 nm. The films demonstrated negative nonlinear refractive index (n2) with magnitudes of (0.065 - 2.89) × 10–14 cm2/W with varying concentration of DNA. Open aperture data demonstrated strong two-photon absorption with a magnitude of ~1.6 cm/GW for films doped with 2 wt% of DNA. The recovery time of excited state population, retrieved from the degenerate pump-probe experimental data, was <4 ps. These data suggests that DNA is promising material for applications such as optical switching.

关键词： DNA Thin Films Z-Scan Picosecond Two-Photon Absorption

CORRELATION OF PRODUCT ION PROFILES WITH MOLECULAR STRUCTURES OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS IN LC-MS

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CORRELATION OF PRODUCT ION PROFILES WITH MOLECULAR STRUCTURE...