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Biomathematical study of time-dependent flow of a Carreau nanofluid through inclined catheterized arteries with overlapping stenosis

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第11期24卷 2725-2744页

作者： Ashfaq Ahmed sohail n.deem Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

This work is concerned with the analysis of blood flow through inclined catheterized arteries having a balloon(angioplasty) with time-variant overlapping stenosis. The nature of blood in small arteries is analyzed mathematically by considering it as a Carreau nanofluid. The highly nonlinear momentum equations of nanofluid model are simplified by considering the mild stenosis case. The formulated problem is solved by a homotopy perturbation expansion in terms of a variant of the Weissenberg number to obtain explicit forms for the axial velocity, the stream function, the pressure gradient, the resistance impedance and the wall shear stress distribution. These solutions depend on the Brownian motion number, thermophoresis number, local temperature Grashof number G_r and local nanoparticle Grash of number B_r. The results were also studied for various values of the physical parameters, such as the Weissenberg number W_i, the power law index n, the taper angle φ, the maximum height of stenosis δ~*, the angle of inclination α, the maximum height of balloon σ~*, the axial displacement of the balloon z_d~*,the flow rate F and the Froud number Fr. The obtained results show that the transmission of axial velocity curves through a newtonian fluid(Wi=0, n=1, Gr=0, Br=0, nt=0, nb≠0) is substantially lower than that through a Carreau nanofluid near the wall of balloon while the inverse occurs in the region between the balloon and stenosis. The streamlines have a clearly distinguished shifting toward the stenotic region and this shifting appears near the wall of the balloon, while it has almost disappeared near the stenotic wall and the trapping bolus in the case of horizontal arteries and newtonian fluid(Wi=0, n=1, Gr=0, Br=0, nt=0, nb≠0) does not appear but for the case of Carreau nanofluid bolus appears.

关键词： overlapping stenosed artery nanofluid Grashof number Brownian motion thermophoresis pharmacology

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Peristaltic flow of Sisko fluid in a uniform inclined tube

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第5期26卷 675-683页

作者： sohail n.deem noreen Sher Akbar Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University 45320

We have analyzed an incompressible Sisko fluid through an axisymmetric uniform tube with a sinusoidal wave propagating down its walls. The present analysis of non- newtonian fluid is investigated under the considerations of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation. The analytic solution is obtained using （i） the regular perturbation method （ii） the Homotopy analysis method （HAM）. The comparison of both the solutions is presented graphically. The results for the pressure rise, frictional force and pressure gradient have been calculated numerically and the results are studied for various values of the physical parameters of interest, such as α （angle of inclination）, b^＊（Sisko fluid parameter）, Ф （amplitude ratio） and n （power law index）. Trapping phenomena is discussed at the end of the article.

关键词： Peristaltic flow Sisko fluid Perturbation method Homotopy analysis method

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numerical Solutions for Heat Transfer of An Unsteady Cavity with Viscous Heating

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 319-336页

作者： H.F.Wong Muhammad sohail Z.Siri n.F.M.noor Institute of Mathematical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Unit of Engineering Design and Product Development Technology and Engineering DivisionMalaysian Rubber Board47000 Sungai BulohMalaysia Department of Applied Mathematics&Statistics Institute of Space Technology44000 IslamabadPakistan

The mechanism of viscous heating of a newtonian fluid filled inside a cavity under the effect of an external applied force on the top lid is evaluated numerically in this *** investigation is carried out by assuming a two-dimensional laminar in-compressible fluid flow subject to neumann boundary conditions throughout the numerical iterations in a transient *** the walls of the square cavity are perfectly insulated and the top moving lid produces a constant finite heat flux even though the fluid flow attains the steady-state *** objective is to examine the effects of viscous heating in the fully insulated lid-driven cavity under no-slip and free-slip neumann boundary conditions coupled with variations in Reynolds and Prandtl *** partial differential equations of time-dependent vorticity-stream function and thermal energy are discretized and solved using a self-developed finite difference code in MATLAB®*** dependence of fluid thermodynamics is envisaged through contour and image plots.A commercial simulation software,Ansys Fluent®utilizing a finite element code is employed to verify the finite difference results *** the effect of viscous heating is very minimal,neumann no-slip and free-slip boundary conditions are able to trap the heat inside the fully insulated cavity as the heat flux is constantly supplied at the top lid.A lower Reynolds number and a greater Prandtl number with free-slip effects reduce temperature distribution in the cavity with a faster velocity than in the no-slip condition as the free-slip behaves as a lubricant.

关键词： Lid-driven viscous heating vorticity-stream function finite difference method finite element method

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Defending Adversarial Examples by a Clipped Residual U-net Model

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 2237-2256页

作者： Kazim Ali Adnan n.Qureshi Muhammad Shahid Bhatti Abid sohail Mohammad Hijji Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyUniversity of Central Punjab Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSAT University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Computer Science DepartmentUniversity of TabukTabuk47711Saudi Arabia

Deep learning-based systems have succeeded in many computer vision ***,it is found that the latest study indicates that these systems are in danger in the presence of adversarial *** attacks can quickly spoil deep learning models,e.g.,different convolutional neural networks(Cnns),used in various computer vision tasks from image classiﬁcation to object *** adversarial examples are carefully designed by injecting a slight perturbation into the clean *** proposed CRU-net defense model is inspired by state-of-the-art defense mechanisms such as Magnet defense,Generative Adversarial net-work Defense,Deep Regret Analytic Generative Adversarial networks Defense,Deep Denoising Sparse Autoencoder Defense,and Condtional Generattive Adversarial network *** have experimentally proved that our approach is better than previous defensive *** proposed CRU-net model maps the adversarial image examples into clean images by eliminating the adversarial *** proposed defensive approach is based on residual and U-net *** experiments are done on the datasets MnIST and CIFAR10 to prove that our proposed CRU-net defense model prevents adversarial example attacks in WhiteBox and BlackBox settings and improves the robustness of the deep learning algorithms especially in the computer visionﬁ*** have also reported similarity(SSIM and PSnR)between the original and restored clean image examples by the proposed CRU-net defense model.

关键词： Adversarial examples adversarial attacks defense method residual learning u-net cgan cru-et model

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De-noising Brain MRI Images by Mixing Concatenation and Residual Learning(MCR)

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第5期45卷 1167-1186页

作者： Kazim Ali Adnan n.Qureshi Muhammad Shahid Bhatti Abid sohail Muhammad Hijji Atif Saeed Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyUniversity of Central Punjab LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSAT University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Computer Science DepartmentUniversity of TabukTabuk47711Saudi Arabia

Brain magnetic resonance images(MRI)are used to diagnose the different diseases of the brain,such as swelling and tumor *** quality of the brain MR images is degraded by different noises,usually salt&pepper and Gaussian noises,which are added to the MR images during the acquisition *** the presence of these noises,medical experts are facing problems in diagnosing diseases from noisy brain MR ***,we have proposed a de-noising method by mixing concatenation,and residual deep learning techniques called the MCR de-noising *** proposed MCR method is to eliminate salt&pepper and gaussian noises as much as possible from the brain MRI *** MCR method has been trained and tested on the noise quantity levels 2%to 20%for both salt&pepper and gaussian *** experiments have been done on publically available brain MRI image datasets,which can easily be accessible in the experiments and result *** Structure Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)and Peak Signal-to-noise Ratio(PSnR)calculate the similarity score between the denoised images by the proposed MCR method and the original clean ***,the Mean Squared Error(MSE)measures the error or difference between generated denoised and the original *** proposed MCR denoising method has a 0.9763 SSIM score,84.3182 PSnR,and 0.0004 MSE for salt&pepper noise;similarly,0.7402 SSIM score,72.7601 PSnR,and 0.0041 MSE for Gaussian noise at the highest level of 20%*** the end,we have compared the MCR method with the state-of-the-art de-noising filters such as median and wiener de-noising filters.

关键词： MR brain images median filter wiener filter concatenation learning residual learning MCR de-noising method

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Deep Image Restoration Model: A Defense Method Against Adversarial Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2209-2224页

作者： Kazim Ali Adnan n.Quershi Ahmad Alauddin Bin Arifin Muhammad Shahid Bhatti Abid sohail Rohail Hassan Department of Information Technology University of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of Communication Technology and network Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity Putra MalaysiaSalengor43400Malaysia Department of Computer Science Comsats University IslamabadLahore Campus54000Pakistan Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business University Utara MalaysiaKuala Lumpur50300Malaysia

These days,deep learning and computer vision are much-growing fields in this modern world of information *** learning algorithms and computer vision have achieved great success in different applications like image classification,speech recognition,self-driving vehicles,disease diagnostics,and many *** success in various applications,it is found that these learning algorithms face severe threats due to adversarial *** examples are inputs like images in the computer vision field,which are intentionally slightly changed or *** changes are humanly *** are misclassified by a model with high probability and severely affects the performance or *** this scenario,we present a deep image restoration model that restores adversarial examples so that the target model is classified correctly *** proved that our defense method against adversarial attacks based on a deep image restoration model is simple and state-of-the-art by providing strong experimental results *** have used MnIST and CIFAR10 datasets for experiments and analysis of our defense *** the end,we have compared our method to other state-ofthe-art defense methods and proved that our results are better than other rival methods.

关键词： Computer vision deep learning convolutional neural networks adversarial examples adversarial attacks adversarial defenses

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Edge Metric Dimension of Honeycomb and Hexagonal networks for IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2683-2695页

作者： sohail Abbas Zahid Raza nida Siddiqui Faheem Khan Taegkeun Whangbo Department of Computer Science College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272UAE Department of Mathematics College of SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272UAE Artificial Intelligence Lab Department of Computer EngineeringGachon UniversitySeongnam13557Korea

Wireless Sensor network(WSn)is considered to be one of the fundamental technologies employed in the Internet of things(IoT);hence,enabling diverse applications for carrying out real-time *** navigation in such networks was the main motivation for the introduction of the concept of landmarks.A robot can identify its own location by sending signals to obtain the distances between itself and the *** networks to be a type of graph,this concept was redefined as metric dimension of a graph which is the minimum number of nodes needed to identify all the nodes of the *** idea was extended to the concept of edge metric dimension of a graph G,which is the minimum number of nodes needed in a graph to uniquely identify each edge of the *** plane networks can be easily constructed by repeating regular *** design is of extreme importance as it yields high overall performance;hence,it can be used in various networking and IoT *** honeycomb and the hexagonal networks are two such popular mesh-derived parallel *** this paper,it is proved that the minimum landmarks required for the honeycomb network HC(n),and the hexagonal network HX(n)are 3 and 6 *** bounds for the landmarks required for the hex-derived network HDn1(n)are also proposed.

关键词： Edge metric dimension internet of things wireless sensor network honeycomb network hexagonal network hex-derived networks

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Cotton Leaf Curl Virus： Ionic Status of Leaves and Symptom Development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第5期48卷 558-562页

作者： naeem lqbal Muhammad Yasin Ashraf Farrukh Javed Muhammad Ashmf sohail Hameed Department of Botany University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology Faisalabad Pakistan national Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Faisalabad Pakistan

In the present study, the relationship between the nutritional status of leaves and the development of symptoms of cotton leaf curl virus （CLCuV） in two cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） cuItlvars （I.e. CIM-240 and S-12） was Investigated. The incidence of disease attack was found to be 100% In the S-12 cuItlvar and 16% in the CIM-240 cuItivar. Geminivirus particles in infected leaves were confirmed by transmission electron microscope examination of highly specific geminivirus coat protein antlsera-treated cell sap. The CLCuV Impaired the accumulation of different nutrients in both cuItivars. A marked decrease in the accumulation of Ca^2＋ and K^＋ was observed in infected leaves. However, the disease had no effect on leaf concentrations of na^＋, n, and P. It was observed that the curling of leaf margins in CLCuV-Infected plants was associated with the leaf Ca^2＋ content; leaf curling was severe in plants with a significant reduction In Ca^2＋ content. Moreover, leaf K＆＋ content was found to be associated with resistance/susceptibility to CLCuV infection.

关键词： geminiviruses Gossypium hirsutum leaf curling nutrient accumulation.

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natural orifice translumenal surgery:Flexible platform review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2010年第6期2卷 210-216页

作者： sohail n Shaikh Christopher C Thompson Division of Gastroenterology Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical School

natural orifice translumenal surgery(nOTES) has garnished significant attention from surgeons and gastroenterologists,due to the fusion of flexible endoscopy and operative *** efforts suggest that nOTES holds potential for a less invasive approach with certain surgical *** of the hurdles encountered during the shift from open to laparoscopic surgery are now being revisited in the development of *** directed efforts,coupled with industry support,have brought about several nOTES specific devices and platforms to help address limitations with current *** review addresses current flexible platforms and their attributes,advantages,disadvantages and limitations.

关键词： Direct drive endoscopic system Incisionless operating platform natural orifice translumenal surgery natural orifice translumenal surgery scope Challenges Attributes

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Study on brittleness templates for shale gas reservoirs——A case study of Longmaxi shale in Sichuan Basin,southern China

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Petroleum Science 2021年第5期18卷 1370-1389页

作者： Qamar Yasin Ghulam Mohyuddin sohail Ke-Yu Liu Qi-Zhen Du Cyril DBoateng The Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China Qingdao national Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Laboratory for Marine Mineral ResourcesQingdao266237China Department of Civil Geological and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5C5Canada Department of Geological Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan

Differentiating brittle zones from ductile zones in low permeability shale formations is imperative for efficient hydraulic fracturing *** brittleness index(BI) is used to describe the rock resistance to hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation and measures the ease at which complex fracture networks can be *** this study,we constructed brittleness templates through the correlation of fundamental rock properties and geomechanical *** then employed the templates to distinguish the brittle,ductile,and brittle-ductile transition zones in the Longmaxi shale gas reservoir,Sichuan Basin of southern *** approach works in two ***,we suggest a new expression for the mineralogical BI by their respective weights based on the analysis of correlation coefficients between mechanical testing and XRD ***,we correlate TOC,porosity,pore fluid,natural fractures,and improved BI model with multiple elastic properties to define the brittle,ductile,and transitional zones in the Longmaxi shale gas reservoir of *** with the traditional mineralogy-based BI definition,the improved BI model differentiates the brittle and ductile zones and provides a better sense of the most suitable fracturing *** results show that the brittleness templates,which combine fundamental rock properties,improved BI model,and geomechanical characterization led to identifying favorable zones for hydraulic fracturing and enhanced shale *** proposed brittleness templates’ effectiveness was verified using data from horizontal wells,offset wells,shale gas wells from different origins,laboratory core testing,and seismic inversion of BI across the studied wells.

关键词： Brittleness index Geomechanical properties Petrophysical parameters Longmaxi shale

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