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RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON GLOBAL GRASSLANDS

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 425-444页

作者： Carly J.STEVENS sofía basto Michael DBELL Tianxiang HAO Kevin KIRKMAN Raul OCHOA-HUESO Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Unidad de Ecologia y Sistematica Departamento de BiologiaFacultad de CienciasPontificia Universidad JaverianaCarrera 7 No.43-82 Ed.Jesus Emilio Ramirez(53)BogotaColombia National Park Service Air Resources DivisionLakewoodCO 80235USA Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and RemediationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban4041South Africa Departamento de Biologia-IVAGRO Universidad de CadizCampus Rio San Pedro11510 Puerto RealSpain Department of Terrestrial Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology(NIOO-KNAW)P.O.Box 506700 ABWageningenthe Netherlands

Grasslands are globally-important ecosystems providing critical ecosystem *** species composition and characteristics of grasslands vary considerably across the planet with a wide variety of different grasslands ***,in many regions grasslands have been impacted by atmospheric nitrogen deposition originating from anthropogenic activities with effects on productivity,species composition and diversity widely *** vary across grassland habitats but many show declines in species richness and increases in biomass production related to soil eutrophication and *** a continental level,there is considerable variation in the research effort that has been put into understanding the impacts of nitrogen *** Europe,North America and parts of Asia,although there are unanswered research questions,there is a good understanding of N deposition impacts in most grassland *** is not the case in other regions with large knowledge gaps in some parts of the *** paper reviews the impacts of N deposition on grasslands around the world,highlighting recent advances and areas where research is still needed.

关键词： acidification biomass production critical load eutrophication species composition species richness

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Reinforcement of Thermoplastic Starch Films with Cellulose Fibres Obtained from Rice and Coffee Husks

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第6期6卷 599-610页

作者： sofía Collazo-Bigliardi Rodrigo Ortega-Toro Amparo Chiralt Boix Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaCamino de Vera s/n46022 ValenciaSpain Programa de Ingeniería de Alimentos Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de CartagenaCarrera 6#36-100Cartagena de Indias D.T y CColombia

Cellulosic fibres from coffee(CF)and rice(RF)husks have been obtained applying chemical treatments and characterized as to their microstructure and thermal *** materials have been incorporated into glycerol plasticised thermoplastic starch(TPS)films obtained by melt blending and compression moulding at 1 wt%,5 wt%and 10 wt%.Microstructure,thermal behaviour and optical,tensile and barrier properties of the composites were *** kinds of micro-fibres improve the film stiffness while reduced the film ***,CF better maintained the film ductility at 1 and 5 wt%.A network of fine oriented fibres was observed on the surface of the films,while internal fibres exhibited a good adherence to the polymer *** water vapour permeability of TPS films was not reduced in composites,although oxygen permeability was lowered by about 17%.Film transparency decreased by fibre addition in the UVVIS *** stability of composites was slightly higher than net TPS films.

关键词： Cellulose fibres coffee husk reinforcing properties rice husk starch composites

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Evaluation of sources and methods of pectin extraction from fruit and Vegetable wastes:A Systematic Literature Review(SLR)

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Food Bioscience 2023年第1期51卷 1370-1379页

作者： Carolina sofía Salazar Ripoll Gustavo Adolfo Hincapie-Llanos Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana MedellínAntioquiaColombia

The potentially commercial sources of pectin are *** have studied different extraction methods using a wide variety of fruits and vegetables to obtain pectins with better *** objective of this work was to identify the methods used in the extraction of pectin,the most used sources and the operation parameters that enable the achievement of higher yields and the final characteristics of the obtained *** are based on bibliometric methods for exploring the structure of knowledge in this field for the last twelve *** this end,a Systematic Literature Review(SLR)using the SCOPUS database was carried out,which allowed identifying keywords and formulating search equations to find scientific articles on the topic in *** selecting the articles,a detailed reading of these works was carried out,and the used extraction methods and the evaluated variables,yields and characteristics were *** article compares and discusses the effects of conventional and non-conventional pectin extraction techniques,which may provide valuable information on sources and alternatives for pectin extraction to ease decision-making in future *** acid hydrolysis method remains the most widely used pectin extraction technique since it provides higher *** is followed by microwave-assisted extraction,ultrasonic extraction,and the enzymatic method,which have a greater capacity to deliver pectins with high methoxyl ***,non-conventional methods such as radiofrequency,ohmic heating,and aqueous two-phase extraction are presented as promising techniques that offer pectins with a high degree of esterification in addition to good yields.

关键词： Agro-industrial wastes Acid hydrolysis Microwave Ultrasound Degree of esterification Galacturonic acid

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Unexpected bonds:ubiquitin-like conjugation of cGAS/CDNTases supports their enzymatic activity and antiphage defense

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 3899-3901页

作者： Katarzyna Andryka-Cegielski sofía Soler Eva Bartok Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine University HospitalUniversity of BonnBonnGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University HospitalUniversity of BonnBonnGermany

In their recently published study in Nature,Jenson et al.1 provide compelling,unexpected evidence that bacterial cGAMP synthase(cGAS)and other cGAS/DncV-like Nucleotidyltransferases(CD-NTase)undergo ubiquitin-like conjugation(ULC)in type-II cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signaling systems(CBASS).cGAS conjugation promotes cyclic-nucleotide(CN)formation and thus antiphage ***,the authors also reveal a new class of phage-encoded CBASS inhibitor,T4 Vs.4,a CN-sponge which limits CBASS effector function and promotes phage replication,revealing another weapon in the“arms race”between phages and their bacterial hosts.

关键词： bonds enzymatic sponge

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Uncertainties in the Mercury Mass Balance in a Coal-Based IGCC Power Plant (Puertollano, Spain)

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Energy Engineering 2021年第4期118卷 1223-1235页

作者： José María Esbrí Alba Martinez-Coronado sofía Rivera Jurado Eva García-Noguero Pablo Higueras Instituto de Geología Aplicada(UCLM) Pl.Manuel Meca1Ciudad Real13400Spain

Mercury(Hg)is a global pollutant that is subject to strict regulations to reduce anthropogenic *** production of energy represents an important activity that leads to Hg emissions into the *** all the systems used,IGCC plants are the most promising for reducing Hg emissions,since it is possible to remove Hg from syngas prior to *** aim of the present work was to evaluate the presence of Hg in the main streams of an experimental IGCC plant(ELCOGAS,Puertollano)in order to quantify Hg emissions and investigate the possibility of reducing *** main streams of the system were sampled for three consecutive days and both the solids,i.e.,raw material(coal and petroleum coke),fine and coarse slags,fly ash,sulphur,and the liquids,i.e.,slag system,Venturi scrubber and saturator,were *** results show that an average of 12.9%of the Hg that enters the IGCC power plant is eliminated with solid waste and only 0.08%with liquid *** is still an average of 87.12%of Hg that is not accounted for in the mass balance and that could remain in the system and/or be eliminated in the streams that were not *** it is impossible to offer an explanation for the final fate of the Hg lost in the system based on the obtained results,the data suggest that sulphur byproducts could be primarily responsible for the elimination of Hg from the syngas,and that a major proportion of Hg should be emitted via the chimney after the syngas combustion process.

关键词： Mercury IGCC power plant mass-balance hypercinnabar

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Rheumatic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第44期15卷 5517-5524页

作者： Tatiana sofía Rodríguez-Reyna Cynthia Martínez-Reyes Jesús Kazúo Yamamoto-Furusho Department of Immunology and Rheumatology National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador ZubiránVasco de Quiroga 15Col Sección XVI. DelTlalpanMexico City 14000Mexico Department of Gastro-enterology National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador ZubiránVasco de Quiroga 15Col Sección XVI. DelTlalpanMexico City 14000Mexico

This article reviews the literature concerning rheu-matic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),including common immune-mediated pathways,frequency,clinical course and therapy. Musculoskel-etal complications are frequent and well-recognized manifestations in IBD,and affect up to 33% of pa-tients with IBD. The strong link between the bowel and the osteo-articular system is suggested by many clinical and experimental observations,notably in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. The autoimmune pathogenic mechanisms shared by IBD and spondyloarthropathies include genetic susceptibility to abnormal antigen pre-sentation,aberrant recognition of self,the presence of autoantibodies against specific antigens shared by the colon and other extra-colonic tissues,and increased intestinal permeability. The response against microor-ganisms may have an important role through molecular mimicry and other mechanisms. Rheumatic mani-festations of IBD have been divided into peripheral arthritis,and axial involvement,including sacroiliitis,with or without spondylitis,similar to idiopathic anky-losing spondylitis. Other periarticular features can oc-cur,including enthesopathy,tendonitis,clubbing,peri-ostitis,and granulomatous lesions of joints and *** and osteomalacia secondary to IBD and iatrogenic complications can also occur. The manage-ment of the rheumatic manifestations of IBD consists of physical therapy in combination with local injection of corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; caution is in order however,because of their possible harmful effects on intestinal integrity,perme-ability,and even on gut inflammation. Sulfasalazine,methotrexate,azathioprine,cyclosporine and lefluno-mide should be used for selected indications. In some cases,tumor necrosis factor-α blocking agents should be considered as first-line therapy.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Spondylitis Rheumatic diseases

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Behavior of the Cultivable Airborne Mycobiota in air-conditioned environments of three Havanan archives, Cuba

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2020年第1期3卷 16-28页

作者： sofía Borrego Alian Molina Preventive Conservation Laboratory National Archive of the Republic of CubaCompostela 906 esquina a calle San IsidroPO Box:10100La Habana ViejaHavanaCuba

High concentrations of environmental fungi in the archives repositories are dangerous for the documents preserved in those places and for the workers'*** aims of this work were to evaluate the behavior of the fungal concentration and diversity in the indoor air of repositories of 3 archives located in Havana,Cuba,and to demonstrate the potential risk that these taxa represent for the documentary heritage preserved in these *** indoor and outdoor environments were sampled with a *** the I/O ratios,it was evident that two of the studied archives were not contaminated,while one of them did show contamination despite having temperature and relative humidity values very similar to the other ***,Penicillium and Cladosporium were the predominant genera in the indoor *** finds for archival environments were the genera Harposporium and *** principal species classified ecologically as abundant were *** and *** are known as opportunistic pathogenic *** the analyzed taxa excreted acids,the most of them degraded cellulose,starch and gelatin while about 48%excreted different *** 33%of them showed the highest biodeteriogenic potential,evidencing that they are the most dangerous for the documentary collections.

关键词： Archives Environmental fungi Indoor environments Microbial quality of archive environments Quality of indoor environments Documentary biodeterioration

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Incidence of controlled water restriction on density and chemical profiles in tree rings of Araucaria araucana seedlings

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Ecological Processes 2024年第03期 54-68页

作者： sofía Papú Daigard Ricardo Ortega-Rodriguez Fidel Alejandro Roig Florencia Navas Instituto Argentino de Nivologia Glaciologiay Ciencias Ambientales(IANIGLA CONICET ) Universidade de Sao Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Departamento de Ciências Florestais Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

Background Dehydration of plant tissues caused by water stress affects the dynamics of the lateral cambium, the rate of cell division and differentiation in cell lumen size, wall thickness and wall chemical properties. Based on evidence that ongoing climate change projects longer and more intense water stress conditions, forest dynam-ics and decline are predicted to be affected by increases in drought intensity and frequency. To verify the interaction of these phenomena, we described the modifications in the anatomy and mineral contents of annual growth rings of Araucaria araucana seedlings subjected to water stress treatments, using X-ray densitometry and X-ray fluores-cence *** Severe water stress conditions during the growing period produced narrower tree rings, with reduced cell lumen size(5–7 μm) and higher tracheid reinforcement factor values, but with lower wood density. Plants subjected to moderate water stress generated intra-annual density fluctuations coinciding with periods of decreased soil moisture. Under the precept that the essential nutrients play a relevant role in the functioning of trees, we found evidence of element allocation and concentration in response to drought. Calcium and phosphorus concentration increased significantly as stress becomes more severe, but with small differences between early- and latewood. On the contrary, potassium and sulfur presented lower values in the most stressed plants, and manganese had the lowest values only for moderate water stress. Finally, S/Ca and K/Ca molar ratios decreased, while Ca/Mn increased as stress becomes more *** Our findings suggested that A. araucana seedlings invested resources aimed at increasing structural components of the cell wall to prevent cavitation. This would maintain metabolism and cell growth even in unfavora-ble environmental conditions. Furthermore, the imbalance of manganese and calcium and their consequent ratio(Ca/Mn) could be linked to early adap

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Fatal and non-fatal injuries due to suspension trauma syndrome: A systematic review of definition, pathophysiology, and management controversies

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第4期12卷 253-260页

作者： Patrizio Petrone sofía Espinoza-Villalobos Gerard ABaltazar Kjetil Søreide Adam Stright Collin E.M.Brathwaite D’Andrea K.Joseph Department of Surgery NYU Long Island School of MedicineNYU Langone Hospital–Long IslandMineola 11501USA 2 Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryStavanger University HospitalStavanger 4011Norway

BACKGROUND: Suspension trauma syndrome is a life-threatening event that occurs when a person is "trapped" in a prolonged passive suspension. It is most commonly seen in people who engage in occupational or sport activities that require harness suspension. The aim of this study is to identify the predisposing factors, pathophysiology, and management of suspension ***: A review and analysis of the literature published in English and Spanish from 1972 to 2020 on suspension trauma were performed. Search sources were Pub Med, Medline, Cochrane Library, MeSH, Up To Date, and Google Scholar. Articles referring to suspension trauma associated with other injury mechanisms(traumatic impact injuries, drowning, asphyxiation, or bleeding), case reports, and pediatric population were ***: Forty-one articles were identified. Of these, 29 articles related to mechanism, pathophysiology, and management of individuals who suffered prolonged suspension trauma without associated traumatic injuries were included in the study. We encountered several controversies describing the putative pathophysiology, ranging from blood sequestration in the lower extremities versus accumulation of metabolic waste and hyperkalemia to dorsal hook-type harness as a trigger cause of positional asphyxia;to vascular compression of femoral vessels exerted by the harness causing decreased venous return. Pstients suspended in a full-body harness with dorsal hook showed more hemodynamic alterations in response to the compressive effect on the rib cage, causing a reduction in perfusion by presenting a decrease in pulse pressure. Management strategies varied across ***: Progress has been made in individualizing the population at risk and in the management of suspension trauma. We recommend the formation of consensus definitions, larger cohort or registry studies to be conducted, and experimental animal models to better understand the mechanisms in order to develop management

关键词： Suspension trauma Reflux syndrome Suspension trauma syndrome Harness suspension

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Fermentation of pomegranate juice by lactic acid bacteria and its biological effect on mice fed a high-fat diet

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Food Bioscience 2023年第3期53卷 432-443页

作者： Ana sofía Isas Facundo Escobar Eduardo Álvarez-Villamil Verónica Molina Raquel Mateos Emilio Lizarraga Fernanda Mozzi Carina Van Nieuwenhove Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos(CERELA)-CONICET Laboratorio de Ecofisiología TecnológicaChacabuco 145San Miguel de Tucumán4000TucumánArgentina Universidad Nacional de Tucumán(UNT) Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesMiguel Lillo 205San Miguel de Tucumán4000TucumánArgentina Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición(ICTAN)-CSIC Departamento de Metabolismo y NutriciónJoséAntonio Nováis 10Madrid28040Spain Fundación Miguel Lillo Miguel Lillo 245San Miguel de Tucumán4000TucumánArgentina

This study investigated the ability of Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum CRL2051 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL2030,two lactic acid bacteria isolated from fruits,to ferment pomegranate juice to produce beverages with extended shelf life and functional *** acid bacteria consumed glucose and fructose as carbon sources,producing mainly lactic *** strains were initially grown in juice at 30℃ for 48 h,then refrigerated at 4℃ for 28 *** fermentation and cold storage,the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were conserved in fermented pomegranate *** functionality studies of the fermented beverages administered to C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet were evaluated over 6 *** juice supplementation led to a marked improvement in glucose and triglycerides serum profile,which decreased around 40%and up to 48%,respectively,and counteracted fat deposition and body weight *** high-fat diet treatment significantly incremented the aspartate aminotransferase activity in the liver,whereas fermented pomegranate juice consumption slightly reduced *** histological changes associated with a high-fat diet were significantly reverted in juice-treated *** findings evidenced the biological benefits of a novel functional beverage obtained by lactic fermentation of pomegranate juice;this functional drink may protect against weight gain,liver damage,and dyslipidemia induced by a high-fat diet consumption.

关键词： Pomegranate Lactic acid bacteria Fermentation High-fat diet Functional beverages

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