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Urbanization,economic development,and environmental changes in transitional economies in the global south:a case of Yangon

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 929-945页

作者： Peilei Fan Jiquan Chen Cadi Fung Zaw Naing Zutao Ouyang Khaing Moe Nyunt Zin Nwe myint Jiaguo Qi Joseph P.Messina soe w.myint Brad G.Peter School of Planning Designand Construction and Center for Global Change and Earth ObservationsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Geography Environmentand Spatial Sciences and Center for Global Change and Earth ObservationsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Geography University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Mandalay Technology YangonMyanmar Earth System Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Yangon City Development Committee YangonMyanmar Yangon University YangonMyanmar College of Arts and Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287-5302USA Department of Geosciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701PUSA

Background:Transitional economies in Southeast Asia—a distinct group of developing countries—have experienced rapid urbanization in the past several decades due to the economic transition that fundamentally changed the function of their economies,societies and the ***,one of the least developed transitional economies in Southeast Asia,increased urbanization substantially from 25%in 1990 to 31%in ***,major knowledge gaps exist in understanding the changes in urban land use and land cover and environment and their drivers in its ***:we studied Yangon,the largest city in Myanmar,for the urbanization,environmental changes,and the underlying driving forces in a radically transitioned economy in the developing *** on satellite imagery and historic land use maps,we quantified the expansion of urban built-up land and constructed the land conversion matrix from 1990 through *** also used three air pollutants to illustrate the changes in environmental *** analyzed the coupled dynamics among urbanization,economic development,and environmental *** conducting a workshop with 20 local experts,we further analyzed the influence of human systems and natural systems on Yangon’s urbanization and ***:The city of Yangon expanded urban built-up land rapidly from 1990 to 2000,slowed down from 2000 to 2010,but gained momentum again from 2010 to 2020,with most newly added urban built-up land appearing to be converted from farmland and green land in both 1990–2000 and 2010–***,the air pollutant concen-tration of CO decreased,but that of NO_(2)and PM_(2.5)increased in recent years.A positive correlation exists between population and economic development and the concentration of PM_(2.5)is highly associated with population,the economy,and the number of ***,the expert panel also identified other potential drivers for urbanization,including the extreme climate event of Cyclone Nargi

关键词： Urbanization Economic development Environmental change Transitional economy Globalization Extreme climate event Capital relocation Myanmar

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Participation of private general practitioners in disease management of malaria in Myanmar

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第5期2卷 71-76页

作者： Thein Tun Zaw win Tun Hla soe Tint Khin Lin Thar Tun Kyaw Moe Kyaw.myint Department of Medical Research(Upper Myanmar) AnisakhanPyin Oo Lwin 05062Mandalay DivisionMyanmar VBDC Divisional Office 35th StreetMandalayMyanmar

Objective:Myanmar has been trying to improve the disease management of malaria through public health services. The involvement of private general practitioners(GPs) is recognized as one of the key contributory issues in malaria control,but no one has yet made an attempt to study the efficiency of their *** study aimed to assess the participation of GPs in improvement of disease ***:The study was conducted with all 32 GPs practicing at three randomly selected townships with high malaria load situated in Upper Myanmar from June 2006 to March 2007 using a pretest-posttest design to assess their knowledge of the disease management prior to and after *** intervention package consisted of a one-day workshop on diagnosis and treatment of malaria and the supply of facilities for *** filled in before and after tests were compared to assess the change of knowledge after the *** and treatment practice during the study period was analysed by review of registers kept by GPs,together with a follow-up survey of their patients for the reliability of ***:An overall improvement of knowledge was observed and significant changes were apparent for three variables:the criteria for referral of severe malaria,the effect of incomplete treatment and recommended treatment of Plasmodium ***-test results showed that only 65.6%of GPs perceived microscopy or Rapid Diagnostic Test kits(RDTs) for confirmation of malaria necessary,while only 15.6%and 40.6%of the GPs knew the recommended treatments of falciparum and vivax malaria,respectively. However,after intervention 92%of the patients were diagnosed as malaria by RDTs and 3%by microscopy throughout the *** GPs prescribed artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACTs) to 95%of confirmed falciparum cases and treated 82.4%of RDT confirmed falciparum negatives with chloroquine and *** with our study,an international NGO,Population Service In

关键词： Malaria Myanmar Private health services Disease management Private general practitioners

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Study on the Establishment of Demonstration Site for Peatland Conservation through Integrated Management and Sustainable Utilization of Non-timber Forest Products(NTFPs)

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2024年第2期14卷 93-106页

作者： Sann Lwin Mya win myint myint Khaing Tin Maung Htun soe Min Ye wunna soe Forest Resource Environment Development and Conservation Association(FREDA)

A participatory action research was conducted in 2022,with the“Establishment of Demonstration Site for Peatland Conservation through Integrated Management and Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)”to give recommendation on the development of guidelines on Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)and peatland *** to the peat soil assessment,it was found that peat soil content was very low and top soil was thin under the mangrove forest,and Payena paralleloneura-Kan Zaw bearing forest in March *** material might be pressed by trespasser to collect Kan Zaw seed,to conduct horticulture and mining near the Kan Zaw bearing forest,or organic material might be damaged by burning with controlled fire in the previous years,under Kan Zaw trees to collect *** material might have been carried to the downwards with running water due to the heavy rainfall,with 4,700 mm/*** forest and Kan Zaw bearing evergreen forest can be assumed as“the major source of coastal peatland formation,with peat deposits eroded seawards”.It is assumed that the organic material will accumulate on top of the sands and it will lead to the formation of the peatland at coastal *** can be assumed that the accumulation of organic material found in mangrove forest and evergreen forests will promote the soil carbon storage,if we can adopt the ASEAN Policy on Zero Burning,which reflect ASEAN's commitment to controlling fires and haze,offering techniques,benefits,requirements,and challenges for implementing zero burning practices[1].Sustainable utilization of NTFP including peat and Kan Zaw-Payena paralleloneura Kurz seed was studied at demonstration sites,and it is recommended to make a trial on silvicultural system at mangrove forest and apply suitable silvicultural system such as Clear-Felling(in blocks or in alternate strips)system,Selection System,and Shelter wood System to ensure the sustainable utilization of NTFP

关键词： Silvicultural system mangrove forest moist evergreen forest peat soil Kan Zaw-Payena paralleloneura Kurz seed

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干旱-遮荫复合胁迫对大豆生长及代谢途径的影响

干旱-遮荫复合胁迫对大豆生长及代谢途径的影响

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作者： Haymarn soe myint 四川农业大学

学位级别：硕士

干旱、遮荫等逆境威胁作物正常发育。玉米-大豆间套作系统中,由于高位作物玉米的遮荫和玉米-大豆行的水分亏缺,大豆同时遭受光照和水分的限制。目前,已有很多对单一环境胁迫的研究,但关于复合胁迫的研究尚不深入。本研究旨在探讨遮荫和... 详细信息

干旱、遮荫等逆境威胁作物正常发育。玉米-大豆间套作系统中,由于高位作物玉米的遮荫和玉米-大豆行的水分亏缺,大豆同时遭受光照和水分的限制。目前,已有很多对单一环境胁迫的研究,但关于复合胁迫的研究尚不深入。本研究旨在探讨遮荫和干旱复合胁迫对大豆生理特性、抗氧化系统、激素浓度和代谢群体的影响。试验以ww+NL(充足灌溉+正常光照)为对照,设置5个处理,分别命名为:M+NL(中度干旱+正常光照)、S+NL(重度干旱+正常光照)、ww+S(充足灌溉+遮荫)、M+S(中度干旱+遮荫)和S+S(重度干旱+遮荫)。主要研究结果如下:与单一水分亏缺相比,遮荫和复合胁迫下的大豆植株株高均有不同程度的增加;单株叶面积随水分亏缺程度的增加而逐渐减小。而重度干旱+遮荫处理大豆的比叶面积最大。与C103相比,ND12具有较高的生物量、单株叶面积和比叶面积,但株高较低。与单一水分亏缺相比,复合胁迫提高了ND12和C103的光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率;复合胁迫下的气孔开度高于单一胁迫下的气孔开度。由于超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶含量的提高,与C103相比,ND12中MDA含量的降低,对氧化损伤有更好的保护作用。在M+S和S+S下,SOD、POD和CAT含量均呈上升趋势,而在M+NL和S+NL下则呈下降趋势。MDA含量以S+NL最高,其次为M+N L、S+S、M+S和ww+S。对植物激素浓度的分析表明,两个大豆品种的叶片脱落酸含量均在S+NL下达到最大。然而,在M+S和S+S处理下,大豆叶片脱落酸含量显著降低。此外,单一荫蔽和水分胁迫下,大豆叶片中茉莉酸含量降低;而复合胁迫下,ND12中的茉莉酸含量高于C103。在ww+S条件下,ND12和C103中吲哚-3-乙酸含量最高,分别为9.86μg g Fw和14.11μg g Fw。此外,氨基酸积累量与植物对复合胁迫的抗性有关,在复合胁迫下,天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺和组氨酸水平的增加促进了气孔开放。对不同处理大豆根表型的研究表明,与单一胁迫相比,水分亏缺+荫蔽复合胁迫导致了不同的根长、根径和根体积的产生。M+S和S+S的根系形态表现优于M+NL和S+NL,且ND12的根系形态优于C103。叶片的代谢组学分析表明,干旱-荫蔽复合胁迫下,脱落酸生物合成量的变化可能导致叶片形态生理的改善,从而避免清除活性氧。然而,与其他处理相比,在中度水分亏缺+遮荫处理下,脱落酸生物合成量最高。油菜素甾体类化合物的生物合成在两个大豆品种的根系中都有显著变化,这可能是两个品种根系抗水分和遮荫胁迫的重要途径。根系的代谢组学分析表明,与C103相比,复合胁迫加速了ND12油菜素甾体的生物合成。因此,与单一胁迫相比,复合胁迫可以通过增强植物的防御系统来降低不利于植物代谢的环境胁迫。

关键词：大豆干旱荫蔽代谢组学植物激素

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Does the spatial arrangement of urban landscape matter?Examples of urban warming and cooling in Phoenix and Las Vegas

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第4期1卷 13-28页

作者： soe win myint Baojuan Zheng Emily Talen Chao Fan Shai Kaplan Ariane Middel Martin Smith Huei-Ping Huang Anthony Brazel School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State University975 South Myrtle AvenueTempeArizona 85287 USA Geospatial Sciences Center of Excellence South Dakota State University1021 Medary AvenueWecota Hall 115Box 506BBrookingsSouth Dakota 57007 USA Department of Geography and Environmental Development Ben-Gurion University of the NegevP.O.Box 653Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel School of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityWrigley Hall800 Cady Mall 108TempeArizona 85281 USA School for Engineering of Matter Transportand EnergyArizona State University501 East Tyler MallP.O.Box 876106TempeArizona 85287 USA

This study examines the impact of spatial landscape configuration(e.g.,clustered,dispersed)on land-surface temperatures(LST)over Phoenix,Arizona,and Las Vegas,Nevada,*** classified detailed land-cover types via object-based image analysis(OBIA)using Geoeye-1 at 3-m resolution(Las Vegas)and QuickBird at 2.4-m resolution(Phoenix).Spatial autocorrelation(local Moran’s I)was then used to test for spatial dependence and to determine how clustered or dispersed points were ***,we used Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer(ASTER)data acquired over Phoenix(daytime on 10 June and nighttime on 17 October 2011)and Las Vegas(daytime on 6 July and nighttime on 27 August 2005)to examine day-and nighttime LST with regard to the spatial arrangement of anthropogenic and vegetation *** Moran’s I values of each land-cover type were spatially correlated to surface *** spatial configuration of grass and trees shows strong negative correlations with LST,implying that clustered vegetation lowers surface temperatures more *** contrast,clustered spatial arrangements of anthropogenic land-cover types,especially impervious surfaces and open soil,elevate *** findings suggest that city planners and managers should,where possible,incorporate clustered grass and trees to disperse unmanaged soil and paved surfaces,and fill open unmanaged soil with *** findings are in line with national efforts to augment and strengthen green infrastructure,complete streets,parking management,and transit-oriented development practices,and reduce sprawling,unwalkable housing development.

关键词： ASTER daytime temperatures,nighttime temperatures Las Vegas,Nevada,USA local Moran’s I Phoenix,Arizona,USA spatial autocorrelation spatial configuration urban landscape

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Detection of Schistosoma Antibodies and exploration of associated factors among local residents around Inlay Lake,Southern Shan State,Myanmar

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 19-24页

作者： Htin Zaw soe Cho Cho Oo Tin Ohn Myat Nay soe Maung University of Community Health MagwayMyanmar University of Medicine(Mandalay) MandalayMyanmar University of Medicine(I) YangonMyanmar University of Public Health YangonMyanmar

Background:Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes(trematode worms)of the genus *** transmission has been reported in 78 countries affecting at least 258 million people *** was documented that *** species was prevalent in Shan State,Myanmar,but the serological study was not conducted *** objective of the present study was to detect schistosoma antibodies and explore associated factors among local residents living around Inlay Lake,Nyaung Shwe Township,and Southern Shan State,***:An exploratory and cross-sectional analytic study was conducted among local residents(n=315)in selected rural health center(RHC)areas from December 2012 through June *** participants were interviewed with pretested semi-structured questionnaires and their blood samples(serum)were tested using Schistosomiasis Serology Microwell ELISA test kits(sensitivity 100%and specificity 85%)which detected IgG antibodies but could not distinguish between a new and past *** collected were analysed by SPSS software 16.0 and associations of variables were determined by Chi-squared test with a significant level set at ***:Schistosoma seroprevalence(IgG)in study area was found to be 23.8%(95%CI:18.8-28.8%).The present study is the first and foremost study producing serological evidence of schistosoma infection-one of the neglected tropical diseases-in local people of *** factors significantly associated with seropositivity were being male[OR=2.6(95%CI:1.5-4.49),Pwith risk of schistosoma *** of the behavioural factors tested were significantly associated with ***:Schistosoma infection s

关键词： Schistosomiasis Associated factors Inlay Lake Myanmar Seroprevalence Elisa

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Novel Mutations in PSENEN Gene in Two Chinese Acne Inversa Families Manifested as Familial Multiple Comedones and Dowling-Degos Disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第23期129卷 2834-2839页

作者： Cheng Zhou Guang-Dong wen Lwin myint soe Hong-Jun Xu Juan Du Jian-Zhong Zhang Department of Dermatology Peking University People's Hospital Beijing 100044 China

Background： Acne inversa （AI）, also called hidradenitis suppurativa, is a chronic, inflammatory, recurrent skin disease of the hair follicle. Familial AI shows autosomal-dominant inheritance caused by mutations in the γ-secretase genes. This study was aimed to identify the specific mutations in the y-secretase genes in two Chinese families with AI. Methods： In this study, two Chinese families with AI were investigated. All the affected individuals in the two families mainly manifested with inultiple comedones, pitted scars, and a few inflammatory nodules on their face, neck, trunk, axilla, buttocks, upper arms, and thighs. Reticulate pigmentation in the flexures areas resembled Dowling-Degos disease clinically and pathologically. In addition, one of the affected individuals developed anal canal squamous cell carcinoma. Molecular mutation analysis of γ-secretase genes including PSENEN, PSENI, and NCSTN was performed by polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing. Results： Two novel mutations of PSENEN gene were identified, including a heterozygous missense mutation c. 194T〉G （p.L65R） and a splice site mutation c. 167-2A〉G. Conclusions： The identification of the two mutations could expand the spectrum of mutations in the γ-secretase genes underlying AI and provide valuable information for further study of genotype-phenotype correlations.

关键词： Acne lnversa Coinedones Dowling-Degos Disease Hidradenitis Suppurativa PSENEN Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Key materials and future perspective for aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2022年第2期2卷 21-38页

作者： Shigang Chen soe Ring Jeong Shanwen Tao School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK Department of Chemical Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVictoria3800Australia

Aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion battery(ARLiB)is of specific importance due to the low-cost,environmentalfriendly ***,its energy denisty and cyclic life have been significantly enhanced,demonstarting the potential for real *** improvement on key materials of ARLiB,ranging from cathode,anode and electrolyte,can finally ameliorate coresponding performance of full ***,the cathode materials of ARLiBs are summerized as spinel oxides,layered oxides,olivine polyanion compounds olivine and Prussian blue analogues,while anode materials are classified into vanadium-based,polyanion,titanium-based and organic ***,the strategies for better aqueous electrolytes are discussed from the aspects of salt concentration,solvent and *** the last part,issues challenging the commercialization of ARLiBs are provided as well as the suggestions for future research and development.

关键词： Aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion battery Electrode Electrolyte High voltage High energy density

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Re-study on Recurrence Period of Stokes wave Train with High Order Spectral Method

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China Ocean Engineering 2011年第4期25卷 679-686页

作者：陶爱峰郑金海 MEE Mee soe 陈波涛 State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University College of Harbor Coastal and Of fshore Engineering Hohai University Department of Civil Engineering Myanmar Maritime UniversityMyanmar

Owing to the Benjamin-Feir instability, the Stokes wave train experiences a modulation-demodulation process, and presents a recurrence characteristics. Stiassnie and Shemer researched the unstable evolution process and provided a theoretical formulation for the recurrence period in 1985 on the basis of the nonlinear cubic Schrodinger equation （NLS）. However, NLS has limitations on the narrow band and the weak nonlinearity. The recurrence period is re-investigated in this paper by using a highly efficient High Order Spectral （HOS） method, which can be applied for the direct phase- resolved simulation of the nonlinear wave train evolution. It is found that the Stiassnie and Shemer＇s formula should be modified in the cases with most unstable initial conditions, which is important for such topics as the generation mechanisms of freak waves. A new recurrence period formula is presented and some new evolution characteristics of the Stokes wave train are also discussed in details.

关键词： Benjamin-Feir instability High Order Spectral (HOS) method recurrence period nonlinear wave-wave interaction

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NUMERICAL wAVE FLUME wITH IMPROVED SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2010年第6期22卷 773-781页

作者： ZHENG Jin-hai soe Mee Mee ZHANG Chi HSU Tai-wen State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing210098 China Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 China

This paper presents an improved Nearest Neighboring Particle Searching （NNPS） technique for numerical modeling of water waves with the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics （SPH） method. The proposed technique differs from others by introducing the concept of Inner and Outer Particle Searching （lOPS） and shifting most of advanced CPU operations into simple addition operations. The IOPS method is shown to significantly improve the computational efficiency and reduce the CPU time especially for large number of particles, based on comparisons with other two NNPS methods. This method is implemented in a 2DV numerical wave flume conducted by the SPH method. Three test cases are examined, including generations and propagations of dam-breaking induced waves, solitary wave and irregular wave. Calculated results are in good agreements with experimental data and theoretical solutions with fairly satisfactory CPU time-consuming. The wave motions observed in physical facilities are successfully reproduced by the SPH numerical wave flume, revealing its robust capability of modeling realistic wave propagation and substantial potential for a wide variety of hydrodynamic problems.

关键词： particle searching technique Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical wave flume Navier-Stokes equation

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