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Reproductive ecology of the black rat (Rattus rattus) in Madagascar: the influence of density-dependent and -independent effects

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 66-86页

作者： Kathryn SCOBIE soanandrasana rahelinirina Voahangy SOARIMALALA Fehivola Mandanirina ANDRIAMIARIMANANA Corinne RAHAINGOSOAMAMITIANA Toky RANDRIAMORIA Soloandry RAHAJANDRAIBE Xavier LAMBIN Minoarisoa RAJERISON Sandra TELFER School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Association Vahatra AntananarivoMadagascar

The black rat(Rattus rattus)poses a severe threat to food security and public health in Madagascar,where it is a major cause of pre-and post-harvest crop losses and an important reservoir for many zoonotic diseases,including ***,ecologically based rodent management(EBRM)strategies have been developed using ecologi-cal information to inform decisions on where and when to target *** could deliver improved health and well-being outcomes in Madagascar if adapted to the local ecological *** data collected from removal studies,we explored spatio-temporal patterns in the breeding activity of the black rat(***)in domestic and agricultural habitats across Madagascar and investigated to what extent these trends are influenced by rainfall and rat *** identified clear spatio-temporal variation in the seasonality of *** *** was highly seasonal both inside and outside of houses,but seasonal trends varied between these two ***-sonal trends were explained,in part,by variation in rainfall;however,the effect of rainfall on reproductive rates did itself vary by season and habitat type.A decline in breeding intensity with increasing rat density was recorded outside of *** has important implications for control,as populations may compensate for removal through increased *** recommend that sustained control initiated before the main breeding season,combined with improved hygiene and adequate rodent-proofing in homes and grain stores,could curtail population growth and reduce pre-and post-harvest losses provided that these measures overcome the compensatory response of rodent populations.

关键词： Madagascar Rattus rattus reproductive ecology rodent control

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Field assessment of dog as sentinel animal for plague in endemic foci of Madagascar

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 886-892页

作者： Minoarisoa RAJERISON Voahangy ANDRIANAIVOARIMANANA Maherisoa RATSITORAHINA soanandrasana rahelinirina Suzanne CHANTEAU Sandra TELFER Lila RAHALISON Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Epidemiology Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences Zoology BuildingUniversity of AberdeenUnited Kingdom

The epidemiology of Yersinia pestis,the causative agent of plague,involves vectors and reservoirs in its transmission *** passive plague surveillance in Madagascar targets mainly rodent and ***,carnivores are routinely surveyed as sentinels of local plague activity in some *** aim of this study is to assess the use of domestic dog(Canis familiaris)as sentinel animal for field surveillance of plague in a highly endemic area in ***-sectional surveys of plague antibody prevalence in *** were conducted in endemic areas with contrasting histories of plague cases in humans,as well as a plague free *** capture was done in parallel to evaluate evidence for *** circulation in the primary *** 2 sites,dogs were later re-sampled to examine evidence of seroconversion and antibody *** samplings were performed between March 2008 and February *** antibody detection was assessed using anti-F1 *** study showed a significant difference in dog prevalence rates between plague-endemic and plague-free areas,with no seropositive dogs detected in the plague free *** correlation was found between rodents and dog prevalence rates,with an absence of seropositive rodents in some area where plague circulation was indicated by seropositive *** is consistent with high mortality rates in rodents following ***-sampling dogs identified individuals seropositive on both occasions,indicating high rates of re-exposure and/or persistence of plague antibodies for at least 9 *** or seropositive juvenile dogs indicated recent local plague *** Madagascar,dog surveillance for plague antibody could be useful to identify plague circulation in new areas or quiescent areas within endemic *** active endemic areas,monitoring of dog populations for seroconversion(negative to positive)or seropositive juvenile dogs could be useful for identifying areas at great

关键词： Canis familiaris Madagascar rodent serology Yersinia pestis

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Rodent control to fight plague:field assessment of methods based on rat density reduction

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 868-885页

作者： soanandrasana rahelinirina Kathryn SCOBIE Beza RAMASINDRAZANA Voahangy ANDRIANAIVOARIMANANA Fanohinjanaharinirina RASOAMALALA Lovasoa Nomena RANDRIANTSEHENO Jerry Sylvio RAKOTONIAINA Olivier GORGÉ Xavier LAMBIN Eric VALADE Sandra TELFER Minoarisoa RAJERISON Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Plague UnitAntananarivoMadagascar School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK Central Laboratory for Plague Ministry of Public HealthAntananarivoMadagascar Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ParisFrance

Rodents represent a serious threat to food security and public *** extent to which rodent control can mitigate the risk from rodent-borne disease depends on both the effectiveness of control in reducing rodent abundance and the impact on disease *** on a plague-endemic region of Madagascar,this study compared the effectiveness of 3 methods:live-traps,snap-traps,and *** interventions were implemented inside houses between May and October *** tiles monitored rodent *** fleas,the vector involved in plague transmission,were *** populations consisted of Rattus rattus and Mus *** terms of trap success,we found that our live-trap regime was more effective than *** all 3 control strategies appeared to reduce in-house rodent activity in the short term,we found no evidence of a longer-term effect,with in-house rodent abundance in treated sites comparable to non-treatment sites by the following *** flea,Synopsyllus fonquerniei,is a key plague vector usually found on rats living *** we found no evidence that its abundance inside houses increased following control,this may have been due to a lack of power caused by significant variation in *** *** presence of *** in houses was more likely when *** abundance on outdoor rats was higher,which in turn correlated with high rat *** results emphasize that control strategies need to consider this connectivity between in-house rat–flea populations and the outdoor populations,and any potential consequences for plague transmission.

关键词： fleas Madagascar plague rodents surveillance

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