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Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo Kyun Kyu kim Dohyeon Gong woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

Two-stage dynamic recrystallization and texture evolution in Al-7Mg alloy during hot torsion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1900-1911页

作者： Kwang Tae son Chang Hee Cho Myoung Gyun kim Ji woon Lee School of Mechanical Industrialand Manufacturing EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallis OR 97331USA Department of Materials Science Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanston IL 60208USA Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology(RIST) Pohang 37673Rep.of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Kongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Rep.of Korea Center for Advanced Materials and Parts of Powders Kongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Rep.of Korea

Hot torsion tests were performed on the Al-7Mg alloy at the temperature ranging from 300 to 500℃ and strain rates between 0.05 and 5 s^(-1) to explore the progressive dynamic recrystallization(DRX)and texture *** DRX behavior of the alloy manifested two distinct stages:Stage 1 at strain of≤2 and Stage 2 at strains of≥*** Stage 1,there was a slight increase in the DRXed grain fraction(X_(DRX))with predominance of discontinuous DRX(DDRX),followed by a modest change in X_(DRX) until the transition to Stage *** 2 was marked by an accelerated rate of DRX,culminating in a substantial final X_(DRX) of~*** backscattered diffraction(EBSD)analysis on a sample in Stage 2 revealed that continuous DRX(CDRX)predominantly occurred within the(121)[001]grains,whereas the(111)[110]grains underwent a geometric DRX(GDRX)evolution without a noticeable sub-grain ***,a modified Avrami’s DRX kinetics model was utilized to predict the microstructural refinement in the Al-7Mg alloy during the DRX *** this kinetics model did not accurately capture the DDRX behavior in Stage 1,it effectively simulated the DRX rate in Stage *** texture index was employed to assess the evolution of the texture isotropy during hot-torsion test,demonstrating significant improvement(>75%)in texture randomness before the commencement of Stage *** initial texture evolution is attributed to the rotation of parent grains and the substructure evolution,rather than to an increase in X_(DRX).

关键词： Al-7Mg alloys hot deformation hot torsion tests dynamic recrystazlliation microstructure texture

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection as alternative to surgery for complicated gastric heterotopic pancreas

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第20期8卷 4708-4718页

作者： Jin Hee Noh Do Hoon kim so-woon kim Young soo Park Hee Kyong Na Ji Yong Ahn Kee Wook Jung Jeong Hoon Lee Kee Don Choi Ho June song Gin Hyug Lee Hwoon-Yong Jung Department of Gastroenterology University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Pathology University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoul 05505South Korea

BACKGROUND Gastric heterotopic pancreas(GHP)is generally asymptomatic and rarely features complications such as pancreatitis,pseudocysts,gastric outlet obstruction,bleeding,obstructive jaundice,or ***,the treatment of complicated GHP is challenging and often requires surgical *** To investigate the clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)as alternative to surgical resection for complicated *** This is a single-center,retrospective *** January 2013 and December 2017,a total of 5 patients underwent ESD for complicated GHP at Asan Medical *** who were diagnosed with complicated GHP were treated conservatively as with general practice for acute *** conservative management for resolving the acute phase of pancreatitis,ESD was performed as definitive treatment for complicated *** was performed using the conventional method under conscious *** clinical features of patients and tumors,procedure-related characteristics,and long-term outcomes were *** The age of the 5 patients ranged from 28-43 *** of the patients were *** lesions were located in the greater curvature of the *** endoscopic ultrasonography during the pain episode,all lesions were located across the muscularis mucosa,submucosa,and proper muscle *** median lesion size was 20[interquartile range(IQR),18-35]during the pain episode at the time of the diagnosis of complicated GHP,and 15 mm(IQR,9-33)at the time of ESD after conservative *** procedure time ranged from 15-120 *** were no procedure-related adverse events such as perforation or *** length of hospital stay after the procedure ranged from 2-4 *** patients were symptom free during the median follow-up period of 46.0 mo(IQR,39-60).CONCLUSION ESD appears to be a feasible and effective treatment option for complicated GHP based on the favorable clinical outcomes.

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Gastric Heterotopic pancreas Pancreatitis

Complicated calcified alloplastic implants in the nasal dorsum:A clinical analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3351-3359页

作者： Yong-Seon Hwang Taek-Kyun kim Dong-Jun Yang Si-Hyong Jang Da-woon Lee Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery College of MedicineSoonchunhyang UniversityCheonan-Si 31151South Korea Department of Plastic Surgery The PLUS Plastic Surgery ClinicSeoul 06035South Korea Department of Plastic Surgery CDU Plastic Surgery ClinicSeoul 06067South Korea Department of Pathology College of MedicineSoonchunhyang UniversityCheonan 31151Chungcheongnam-doSouth Korea

BACKGROUND In rhinoplasty,calcification around silicone implants is frequently observed in the tip dorsum(TD)***,based on a review of various literature,it is presumed that calcification in silicone implants occurs due to both inflammatory chemical reactions and physical friction against the *** calcification of nasal silicone implants not only results in the functional loss of the implants,but also leads to material ***,there is a lack of research on calcification of nasal silicone implants in the current *** To elucidate various clinical characteristics of calcification around nasal silicone implants,using histological and radiological *** This study analyzed data from 16 patients of calcified nasal implants,who underwent revision rhinoplasty for various reasons after undergoing augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone *** collected data included information on implant duration,implant types,location of calcification,presence of inflammatory reactions,and computed tomography(CT)*** The most common location of calcification,as visually analyzed,was in the TD area,accounting for 56%.Additionally,the analysis of CT scans revealed a trend of increasing Hounsfield Unit values for calcification with the duration of implantation,although this trend was not statistically significant(P=0.139).CONCLUSION Our study shows that reducing the frequency of calcification may be achievable by using softer silicone implants and by minimizing the damage to perioperative tissues.

关键词： Silicone implants Rhinoplasty Calcification Complication Hounsfield unit

Progress of Materials and Devices for Neuromorphic Vision Sensors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第12期14卷 239-271页

作者： Sung woon Cho Chanho Jo Yong-Hoon kim Sung Kyu Park Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Components and Materials Engineering Sunchon National UniversitySunchŏnJeonnam 57922Republic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

The latest developments in bio-inspired neuromorphic vision sensors can be summarized in 3 keywords:smaller,faster,and smarter.(1)Smaller:Devices are becoming more compact by integrating previously separated components such as sensors,memory,and processing *** a prime example,the transition from traditional sensory vision computing to in-sensor vision computing has shown clear benefits,such as simpler circuitry,lower power consumption,and less data redundancy.(2)Swifter:Owing to the nature of physics,smaller and more integrated devices can detect,process,and react to input more *** addition,the methods for sensing and processing optical information using various materials(such as oxide semiconductors)are evolving.(3)Smarter:Owing to these two main research directions,we can expect advanced applications such as adaptive vision sensors,collision sensors,and nociceptive *** review mainly focuses on the recent progress,working mechanisms,image pre-processing techniques,and advanced features of two types of neuromorphic vision sensors based on near-sensor and in-sensor vision computing methodologies.

关键词： In-sensor computing Near-sensor computing Neuromorphic vision sensor Optoelectronic synaptic circuit Optoelectronic synapse

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High-Movement Human Segmentation in Video Using Adaptive N-Frames Ensemble

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 4743-4762页

作者： Yong-woon kim Yung-Cheol Byun Dong Seog Han Dalia Dominic Sibu Cyriac Centre for Digital Innovation CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Bangalore560029India Department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243Korea School of Electronics Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Korea

Awide range of camera apps and online video conferencing services support the feature of changing the background in real-time for aesthetic,privacy,and security *** studies show that theDeep-Learning(DL)is a suitable option for human segmentation,and the ensemble of multiple DL-based segmentation models can improve the segmentation ***,these approaches are not as effective when directly applied to the image segmentation in a *** paper proposes an Adaptive N-Frames Ensemble(AFE)approach for high-movement human segmentation in a video using an ensemble of multiple DL *** contrast to an ensemble,which executes multiple DL models simultaneously for every single video frame,the proposed AFE approach executes only a single DL model upon a current video *** combines the segmentation outputs of previous frames for the final segmentation output when the frame difference is less than a particular *** method employs the idea of the N-Frames Ensemble(NFE)method,which uses the ensemble of the image segmentation of a current video frame and previous video ***,NFE is not suitable for the segmentation of fast-moving objects in a video nor a video with low frame *** proposed AFE approach addresses the limitations of the NFE *** experiment uses three human segmentation models,namely Fully Convolutional Network(FCN),DeepLabv3,and *** evaluated our approach using 1711 videos of the TikTok50f dataset with a single-person *** TikTok50f dataset is a reconstructed version of the publicly available TikTok dataset by cropping,resizing and dividing it into videos having 50 frames *** paper compares the proposed AFE with single models and the Two-Models Ensemble,as well as the NFE *** experiment results show that the proposed AFE is suitable for low-movement as well as high-movement human segmentation in a video.

关键词： High movement human segmentation artificial intelligence deep learning ensemble video instance segmentation

Congenital ovarian anomaly manifesting as extra tissue connection between the two ovaries:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第26期10卷 9318-9322页

作者： Myeong Gyun Choi Jong woon kim Yoon Ha kim A Mi kim Tae Young kim Hyun Kyung Ryu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangju 61469South Korea

BACKGROUND Ovarian anomalies except for uni-or bilateral streak gonads are *** present a rare case of an ovarian anomaly in which both ovaries were connected by extra *** SUMMARY A 32-year-old,primipara with a twin pregnancy at 36 weeks of gestation was admitted to the hospital with severe *** underwent emergency cesarean section owing to persistent headache,blurred vision,and general *** a peritoneal incision,a thin rectangular-shaped tissue was seen in front of the *** delivery,the extra tissue was removed;no other anomalies were reported in either the ovaries or *** results of the removed tissue disclosed a well-vascularized loose stromal tissue with few follicles and scattered luteinized *** this case,to prevent pelvic adhesion or intestinal obstruction resulting from volvulus,strangulation,and torsion,the extra tissue was *** We report a case of a rare ovarian anomaly where both ovaries were connected by extra *** the extra tissue extends to the abdominal cavity,it should be removed to prevent pelvic adhesion or abdominal complications including intestinal volvulus,strangulation,and torsion.

关键词： Connected ovaries Extra tissue Ovarian anomaly Case report

Incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis uncovered during pregnancy:A case report

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世界临床病例杂志 2023年第25期11卷 5988-5993页

作者： Eun Young Seong Da woon kim Hyo Jin kim Harin Rhee Sang Heon song Department of Internal Medicine Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan-si 50612Gyeongsangnam-doSouth Korea Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of MedicineBusan 49241South Korea

BACKGROUND Renal tubular acidosis(RTA)is a renal cause of non-anion-gap metabolic acidosis characterized by low urinary ammonia *** condition has a low prevalence,and various congenital and acquired *** date,only a few cases of idiopathic RTA uncovered during pregnancy have been *** SUMMARY A previously healthy 32-year-old Korean woman at 30 wk of gestation was admitted to Pusan National University Hospital with preterm *** admission,the patient presented with hypokalemia,non-anion-gap metabolic acidosis,and *** RTA was diagnosed based on laboratory blood and urine findings and imaging *** tests,including next-generation gene sequencing panels for nephropathy,were performed to determine the etiology of the disease,which indicated that it was *** patient received sodium bicarbonate and potassium chloride *** 3 wk,she delivered a baby who was subsequently diagnosed with corpus callosum agenesis and *** regular follow-ups for 6 mo postpartum,her hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis were gradually resolved,and medications eventually *** Herein we describe a case of idiopathic distal RTA discovered during *** and metabolic acidosis resolved spontaneously after delivery.

关键词： Renal tubular acidosis Pregnancy Hypokalemia sodium bicarbonate Case report

Does the advantage of transcutaneous oximetry measurements in diabetic foot ulcer apply equally to free flap reconstruction?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第31期11卷 7570-7582页

作者： Da woon Lee Yong Seon Hwang Je Yeon Byeon Jun Hyuk kim Hwan Jun Choi Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery College of MedicineSoonchunhyang UniversityCheonan-si 31151South Korea

BACKGROUND Transcutaneous oxygen pressure(TcpO2)is a precise method for determining oxygen perfusion in wounded *** device uses either electrochemical or optical *** To evaluate the usefulness of TcpO2 measurements on free flaps(FFs)in diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs).METHODS TcpO2 was measured in 17 patients with DFUs who underwent anterolateral thigh(ALT)-FF surgery and compared with 30 patients with DFU without FF *** Significant differences were observed in the ankle-brachial index;duration of diabetes;and haemoglobin,creatinine,and C-reactive protein levels between the two ***2 values were similar between two groups except on postoperative days 30 and 60 when the values in the ALT-FF group remained50 *** Even if the flap is clinically stable,sympathectomy due to adventitia stripping during anastomosis and arteriovenous shunt progression due to diabetic polyneuropathy could lead to low TcpO2 values in the ALT-FF owing to its thick fat tissues,which is supported by the slow recovery of the sympathetic tone following ***,TcpO2 measurements in patients with DFU who underwent FF reconstruction may be less accurate than in those who did not.

关键词： Arteriovenous shunt Surgical Diabetic neuropathies Free tissue flaps Sympathectomy Blood gas monitoring Transcutaneous Diabetic angiopathies