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Sensitivity of Snowfall Characteristics to Meteorological Conditions in the Yeongdong Region of Korea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第3期38卷 413-429页

作者： Yoo-Jun KIM so-ra in Hae-Min KIM Jin-Hwa LEE Kyu rang KIM Seungbum KIM Byung-Gon KIM High Impact Weather Research Department National Institute of Meteorological SciencesGangneung 25457Korea Operational Systems Development Department National Institute of Meteorological SciencesSeogwipo 63568Korea Department of Atmospheric Environmental Sciences Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangneung 25457Korea

This study investigates the characteristics of cold clouds and snowfall in both the Yeongdong coastal and mountainous regions under different meteorological conditions based on the integration of numerical modeling and three-hourly rawinsonde observations with snow crystal photographs for a snowfall event that occurred on 29−30 January *** found that rimed particles predominantly observed turned into dendrite particles in the latter period of the episode when the 850 hPa temperature decreased at the coastal site,whereas the snow crystal habits at the mountainous site were largely needle or rimed *** soundings showed a well-defined,two-layered cloud structure along with distinctive wind-directional shear,and an inversion in the equivalent potential temperature above the low-level cloud *** first experiment with a decrease in lower-layer temperature showed that the low-level cloud thickness was reduced to less than 1.5 km,and the accumulated precipitation was decreased by 87%compared with the control *** difference in precipitation amount between the single-layered experiment and control experiment(two-layered)was not so significant to attribute it to the effect of the seeder−feeder *** precipitation in the last experiment by weakening winddirectional shear was increased by 1.4 times greater than the control experiment specifically at the coastal site,with graupel particles accounting for the highest proportion(~62%).The current results would improve snowfall forecasts in complicated geographical environments such as Yeongdong in terms of snow crystal habit as well as snowfall amount in both time and space domains.

关键词： Yeongdong snow crystal rawinsonde cloud-resolving model

Selecting and applying quantification models for ecosystem services to forest ecosystems in south Korea

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1373-1384页

作者： Hyun-Ah Choi Woo-Kyun Lee Cholho song Nicklas Forsell Seongwoo Jeon Joon soon Kim so ra Kim Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea Ecosystems Services and Management Program International Institute for Applied Systems AnalysisSchlossplatz 1 2361 Laxenburg Austria Department of Forest Management Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea Korea Forest Conservation Association 186 Dongjak-daeroSeocho-gu Seoul 06559 Republic of Korea

There is growing interest in using ecosystem services to aid development of management strategies that target sustainability and enhance ecosystem support to humans. Challenges remain in the search for methods and indicators that can quantify ecosystem services using metrics that are meaningful in light of their high priorities. We developed a framework to link ecosystems to human wellbeing based on a stepwise approach. We evaluated prospective models in terms of their capacity to quantify national ecosystem services of forests. The most applicable models were subsequently used to quantify ecosystem services. The Korea Forest Research Institute model sat- isfied all criteria in its first practical use. A total of 12 key ecosystem services were identified. For our case study, we quantified four ecosystem functions, viz. water storage capacity in forest soil for water storage service, reduced suspended sediment for water purification service, reduced soil erosion for landslide prevention service, and reduced sediment yield for sediment regulation service. Water storage capacity in forest soil was estimated at 2142 t/ha, and reduced suspended sediment was estimated at 608 kg/ ha. Reduced soil erosion was estimated at 77 m^3/ha, and reduced sediment yield was estimated at 285 m^3/ha. These results were similar to those reported by previous studies. Mapped results revealed hotspots of ecosystem services around protected areas that were particularly rich in bio- diversity. In addition, the proposed framework illustrated that quantification of ecosystem services could be sup- ported by the spatial flow of ecosystem services. However, our approach did not address challenges faced when quantifying connections between ecosystem indicators and actual benefits of services described.

关键词： Classification Ecosystem services Quantification Stepwise approach

Characteristics of environmental factors associated with typhoon Kongrey(1825) over the Eastern Coastal Region of Korea

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第3期9卷 162-171页

作者： so-ra in Baek-Jo Kim Hae-Min Kim Chang-Geun Park High Impact Weather Research Center Observation and Forecast Research DivisionNational Institute of Meteorological SciencesKMASouth Korea

In this study,the characteristics of environmental factors associated with typhoon Kongrey were examined using radiosonde,wind-profiler,radar,and Automated Surface Observing System(AsoS)data in Uljin,which is located the eastern coast of *** radiosonde data were obtained from intensive observation between 1500 LST 5 to 0000 LST 7 October *** factors such as Total Precipitable Water(TPW)and Strom Relative Environmental Helicity(SREH)were selected to examine their relations to typhoon-accompanied *** TPW peak with 60.54 mm appeared at 1200 LST 6 October,which is 6 h after the peak of typhoon *** was found that the TPW variation is largely associated with the effect of water vapor supply from the typhoon with nearest proximity to Uljin at 1500 LST 6 *** SREH,which indicates mechanical instability,was 761 m2 s-2 during the period in which typhoon precipitation *** environments would provide a good condition for the development of super-cell storms,causing heavy precipitation associated with *** addition,it was found that the correlation coefficient between SREH and typhoon rainfall is 0.8(p-value=0.02).

关键词： Typhoon Kongrey Precipitation TPW SREH

Estimation of carbon storage based on individual tree detection in Pinus densiflora stands using a fusion of aerial photography and LiDAR data

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 885-897页

作者： KIM so-ra KWAK Doo-Ahn LEE Woo-Kyun soN Yowhan BAE Sang-Won KIM Choonsig YOO Seongjin Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Forest Practice Research Center Korea Forest Research Institute Departement of Forest Resources Jinju National University

The objective of this study was to estimate the carbon storage capacity of Pinus densiflora stands using remotely sensed data by combining digital aerial photography with light detection and ranging(LiDAR) data.A digital canopy model(DCM),generated from the LiDAR data,was combined with aerial photography for segmenting crowns of individual *** eliminate errors in over and under-segmentation,the combined image was smoothed using a Gaussian filtering *** processed image was then segmented into individual trees using a marker-controlled watershed segmentation *** measuring the crown area from the segmented individual trees,the individual tree diameter at breast height(DBH) was estimated using a regression function developed from the relationship observed between the field-measured DBH and crown *** above ground biomass of individual trees could be calculated by an image-derived DBH using a regression function developed by the Korea Forest Research *** carbon storage,based on individual trees,was estimated by simple multiplication using the carbon conversion index(0.5),as suggested in guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate *** mean carbon storage per individual tree was estimated and then compared with the field-measured *** study suggested that the biomass and carbon storage in a large forest area can be effectively estimated using aerial photographs and LiDAR data.

关键词： LiDAR aerial photograph region growing marker-control watershed segmentation carbon storage

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韩国幼儿汉语教学情况调查与分析

韩国幼儿汉语教学情况调查与分析

作者：金素摞(Kim so ra) 哈尔滨师范大学

学位级别：硕士

随着“汉语热”的不断升温以及对外汉语在世界各地的大力推广,海外汉语教学对象出现了低龄化倾向,幼儿汉语教学受到了越来越多的关注与重视,海外幼儿汉语教学的相关研究取得了一定的研究成果。但是韩国幼儿(3-6周岁)汉语教学的发展才刚... 详细信息

随着“汉语热”的不断升温以及对外汉语在世界各地的大力推广,海外汉语教学对象出现了低龄化倾向,幼儿汉语教学受到了越来越多的关注与重视,海外幼儿汉语教学的相关研究取得了一定的研究成果。但是韩国幼儿(3-6周岁)汉语教学的发展才刚刚起步,十分值得关注。但纵观已有文献,大部分都是针对韩国青少年或成人的汉语教学方法和教学技巧的研究。相比较而言,研究如何进行韩国幼儿汉语教学的成果寥寥无几,可供参考的文献不多,专门针对韩国幼儿汉语教学的教学方法与课程设计的研究也并不多见。本文以韩国幼儿汉语教学为研究对象,通过调查问卷对韩国幼儿语言学习特点、第二语言学习特点、汉语教学现状、汉语教学方法等方面进行系统而深入的调查研究,从中发现韩国幼儿汉语教学存在的问题,进而分析其产生的原因,并在此基础上对韩国幼儿汉语教学提出一些建设性的解决途径。本论文共分三个部分。第一部分是绪论。介绍了韩国幼儿汉语教学在当今韩国对外汉语教学中的重要性,指出了现阶段韩国幼儿汉语教学存在诸多问题,在此基础上提出了本研究的目的和意义。并给出相关研究文献综述,分别从海外幼儿汉语教学原则、师资、教学方法、教材以及韩国幼儿汉语教学这五个方面进行综述。第二部分是正文,包括四个章节。第一章是从幼儿的语言及第二语言学习特点的角度进行阐述,结合韩国幼儿自身特点,重点分析了其第二语言习得特点。第二章是与本论文调查分析相关的韩国幼儿汉语教学现状调查设计。第三章是基于第二章调查而做出的总结与分析。第四章阐述了在调查、分析过程中发现的韩国幼儿汉语教学面临的问题及原因,对主要发现进行总结,并对未来韩国幼儿汉语教学提出了一些可供选取与使用的教学策略。第三部分是本文的结语,对本调查分析进行总结,并对本论文的不足及局限进行了说明。

关键词：韩国幼儿语言学习特点对外汉语教学调查

Long-term outcomes of very low birth weight infants with intraventricular hemorrhage:a nationwide population study from 2011 to 2019

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 692-700页

作者： Joonsik Park sook-Hyun Park Yu-ra Kwon so Jin Yoon Joo Hee Lim Jung Ho Han Jeong Eun Shin Ho Seon Eun Min soo Park soon Min Lee Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of Medicine211 Eonjuro GangnamguSeoul 06273Republic of Korea

Background Advancements in neonatal care have increased preterm infant survival but paradoxically raised intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)*** study explores IVH prevalence and long-term outcomes of very low birth weight(VLBW)infants in Korea over a *** Using Korean National Health Insurance data(NHIS,2010-2019),we identified 3372 VLBW infants with IVH among 4,129,808 live ***-related claims data,encompassing diagnostic codes,diagnostic test costs,and administered procedures were sourced from the NHIS *** results of the developmental assessments are categorized into four groups based on standard deviation(SD)*** characteristics and complications were compared among the *** regression models were employed to identify significant changes in the incidence of complications and to calculate odds ratios with corresponding 95%confidence intervals for each risk factor associated with mortality and morbidity in ***-term growth and development were compared between the two groups(years 2010-2013 and 2014-2017).Results IVH prevalence was 12%in VLBW and 16%in extremely low birth weight(ELBW)*** the past decade,IVH rates increased significantly in ELBW infants(P=0.0113),while mortality decreased(P=0.0225).Major improvements in certain neurodevelopmental outcomes and reductions in early morbidities have been observed among VLBW infants with *** percent of the population received surgical treatments such as external ventricular drainage(EVD)or a ventriculoperitoneal(VP)shunt,with the choice of treatment methods remaining consistent over *** IVH with surgical intervention group exhibited higher incidences of delayed development,cerebral palsy,seizure disorder,and growth failure(height,weight,and head circumference)up to 72 months of age(Pso significantly associated with abnormal developmental screening test *** The neurodevelopmental outcomes of infa

关键词： Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage Developmental Hydrocephalus Mortality Posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation Surgery

Unraveling the role of METTL14 in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease:insights and therapeutic implications

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1781-1783页

作者： so Jung Kim Jeongeun Hyun Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center College of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea

The recent article published in Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy sheds light on the significance of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methyltransferase-like protein METTL14 in mitigating the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).1 In this study,Wang et *** the downregulation of METTL14 in hepatocytes from both MAFLD patients and high-fat diet(HFD)-induced MAFLD mouse models,underscoring its pivotal role in maintaining hepatic lipid and redox homeostasis in normal livers.

关键词： liver homeostasis al.

Spray,droplet evaporation,combustion,and emission characteristics of future transport fuels for compression-ignition engines:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 575-613页

作者： Leang so Khuong Nozomu Hashimoto Osamu Fujita Division of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8628Japan Faculty of Automotive Engineering National Polytechnic Institute of CambodiaPhnom Penh 120901Cambodia

This review examines the potential of hydrogen,ammonia,and biodiesel as alternative fuels,focusing on spray dynamics,droplet evaporation,combustion,and *** offers superior combustion characteristics but faces challenges in NO_(x)*** like nonpremixed direct injection,increased intake boost pressure,and low-pressure EGR are suggested for robust hydrogen combustion in compression-ignition *** of hydrogen start of injection(soI)and water injection(WI)are identified as effective techniques for reducing NO_(x)*** shows inferior combustion and higher NO_(x)and unburned NH_(3)emissions in the same conditions as conventional fuels with conventional *** ammonia spray and evaporation conditions is significant for optimizing an ammonia-air mixture and minimizing wall impingement and ammonia trap in the crevice,thereby improving combustion and emission *** intake pressure,injection pressure,and EGR rate,employing a turbulent jet,and preheating ammonia improve efficiency and reduce NO_(x)*** ammonia combustion requires the implementation of after-treatment systems such as NH_(3)adsorber and De NO_(x)catalysts to mitigate unburned NH_(3)and NO_(x)*** affects the fuel supply system,combustion,and emission characteristics according to its viscosity and *** injection pressure and blending with volatile fuels enhance spray and *** biodiesel preheating temperatures for the injection pump and injector are crucial for achieving the best pump capacity and spray *** utilizing biodiesel-PODE blends and investigating low-temperature biodiesel combustions,there is potential to improve thermal efficiency and PMNO_(x)***,carbon-neutral fuel adoption should be accelerated to mitigate CO_(2)emissions,highlighting the importance of combustion techniques and emissions reduction strategies.

关键词： Carbon-neutral fuels Spray formation Droplet evaporation Injection strategies Combustion efficiency Emission reduction

A core scientific problem in the treatment of central nervous system diseases:newborn neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2588-2601页

作者： Peng Hao Zhaoyang Yang Kwok-Fai so Xiaoguang Li Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint LaboratoryJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Bioland Laboratory(Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology and State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay AreaGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina

It has long been asserted that failure to recover from central nervous system diseases is due to the system's intricate structure and the regenerative incapacity of adult *** over recent decades,numerous studies have established that endogenous neurogenesis occurs in the adult central nervous system,including humans'.This has challenged the long-held scientific consensus that the number of adult neurons remains constant,and that new central nervous system neurons cannot be created or ***,we present a comprehensive overview of the alterations and regulatory mechanisms of endogenous neurogenesis following central nervous system injury,and describe novel treatment strategies that to rget endogenous neurogenesis and newborn neurons in the treatment of central nervous system *** nervous system injury frequently results in alterations of endogenous neurogenesis,encompassing the activation,proliferation,ectopic migration,diffe rentiation,and functional integration of endogenous neural stem *** of the unfavorable local microenvironment,most activated neural stem cells diffe rentiate into glial cells rather than ***,the injury-induced endogenous neurogenesis response is inadequate for repairing impaired neural *** have attempted to enhance endogenous neurogenesis using various strategies,including using neurotrophic factors,bioactive materials,and cell reprogramming *** alone or in combination,these therapeutic strategies can promote targeted migration of neural stem cells to an injured area,ensure their survival and diffe rentiation into mature functional neurons,and facilitate their integration into the neural *** can integration re plenish lost neurons after central nervous system injury,by improving the local *** regulating each phase of endogenous neurogenesis,endogenous neural stem cells can be harnessed to promote effective regeneration of newborn ***

关键词： bioactive materials brain trauma endogenous neurogenesis hippocampal dentate gyrus neural stem cells neurotrophic factors newborn neurons spinal cord injury stroke subventricular zone