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Intricacies during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 62-64页

作者： Richa Rattan Rimesh pal Parul Chawla Gupta Arvind Kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Endocrinology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Ophthalmology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012PunjabIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

The study by Cao et al aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)development using advanced proteomic techniques,such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass *** analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group,with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to *** these findings are promising,the study is limited by its small sample size(n=4 per group)and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods ***,the absence of experimental validation weakens the interpretation of the protein-protein interaction network identified through bioinformatics *** study's focus on second-trimester biomarkers raises concerns about whether this is a sufficiently early period to implement preventive interventions for *** GDM risk during the first trimester or pre-conceptional period may offer more clinical *** its limitations,the study presents valuable insights into potential GDM biomarkers,but larger,well-validated studies are needed to establish their predictive utility and generalizability.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Biomarkers Differentially expressed proteins Retinol-binding protein 4 Angiopoietin-like 8 Proteomics Lifestyle interventions Early prediction

Mechanical, electrical, and thermal expansion properties of carbon nanotube-based silver and silver–palladium alloy composites

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第11期21卷 1132-1140页

作者： Hemant pal Vimal Sharma Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Department of Physics Govt. Post graduate College

The mechanical, electrical, and thermal expansion properties of carbon nanotube（CNT）-based silver and silver–palladium（10：1, w/w） alloy nanocomposites are reported. To tailor the properties of silver, CNTs were incorporated into a silver matrix by a modified molecular level-mixing process. CNTs interact weakly with silver because of their non-reactive nature and lack of mutual solubility. Therefore, palladium was utilized as an alloying element to improve interfacial adhesion. Comparative microstructural characterizations and property evaluations of the nanocomposites were performed. The structural characterizations revealed that decorated type-CNTs were dispersed, embedded, and anchored into the silver matrix. The experimental results indicated that the modification of the silver and silver–palladium nanocomposite with CNT resulted in increases in the hardness and Young＇s modulus along with concomitant decreases in the electrical conductivity and the coefficient of thermal expansion（CTE）. The hardness and Young＇s modulus of the nanocomposites were increased by 30%？40% whereas the CTE was decreased to 50%-60% of the CTE of silver. The significantly improved CTE and the mechanical properties of the CNT-reinforced silver and silver–palladium nanocomposites are correlated with the intriguing properties of CNTs and with good interfacial adhesion between the CNTs and silver as a result of the fabrication process and the contact action of palladium as an alloying element.

关键词： metal matrix composites carbon nanotubes mechanical properties coefficient of thermal expansion electrical conductivity

Settling and spreading behaviour of particle clusters in quiescent liquids in confined vessels

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Particuology 2023年第12期83卷 91-100页

作者： Sayan pal Amol A.Kulkarni Chemical Engineering&Process Development Division CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryPune411008India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India University College London Torrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JEUK

Here we report experiments on particle cluster settling at high Reynolds number in quiescent liquid contained in a *** particles were observed to spread at the vessel bottom surface in a near-circular annular shape after settling irrespective of the shape of the vessel cross-section and particle shape,size,and *** of different parameters such as mass,type and aspect ratio of the particles,height,and viscosity of liquid was investigated on spreading *** of the hemispherical bottom cap of the cluster that bounces upon hitting the vessel bottom surface was found to be responsible for the final circular annular shape of the settled *** leakage from the cluster was seen in the form of a *** the liquid having viscosity beyond 100 cP,cluster breakage was observed that resulted in hindered settling and asymmetric shapes of finally settled *** observations are useful to understand the overall area over which settling and spreading of such clusters can be observed.

关键词： Particle cluster Temporal evolution Settling Spreading

Single Fully Differential Second Generation Current Conveyor Based Four-Quadrant Analog Multiplier Design and Its Applications

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2020年第5期29卷 959-965页

作者： ROY Suvajit pal Radha-Raman Department of Physics and Technophysics Vidyasagar University

This manuscript presents a new fourquadrant analog multiplier using a recently reported current mode active building block, namely the Fully differential second generation current conveyor(FDCCⅡ).The proposed circuit employs single FDCCⅡ and two NMOSFETs only, thus has simple architecture. It is fully-integrable as no other external passive component has been used. Non-ideal behaviour of the reported configuration has been analysed considering current and voltage tracking errors of the FDCCⅡ. Workability of the derived multiplier is verified with PSPICE(Cadence16.6) simulations using model parameter of TSMC 0.35μm CMOS process and found to be in close agreement with theoretical anticipations. The static power consumption of the circuit is 0.107 mW. The circuit works well with good linearity(nonlinearity error ≤ 0.96%) for the input voltage range of ±0.5 V for a supply voltage of ±1 V and the output is insensitive to temperature variation. Simulation results show that the –3 dB bandwidth of the proposed multiplier is 20.67 MHz and the output referred noise√is less than 9 nV/Hz at 1 kΩ load condition. MonteCarlo analysis has also been performed for the proposed configuration. The applicability of the reported multiplier as amplitude modulator, squarer, and frequency doubler are also demonstrated.

关键词： Four-quadrant analog multiplier Fully differential second generation current conveyor (FDCCII) Amplitude modulator Squarer Frequency doubler

Interaction behavior and load sharing pattern of piled raft using nonlinear regression and LM algorithm-based artificial neural network

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1181-1198页

作者： Plaban DEB Sujit Kumar pal Department of Civil Engineering G H Raisoni College of Engineering&ManagementPune 412207India Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of TechnologyAgartala 799046India

In the recent era,piled raft foundation(PRF)has been considered an emergent technology for offshore and onshore *** previous studies,there is a lack of illustration regarding the load sharing and interaction behavior which are considered the main intents in the present *** element(FE)models are prepared with various design variables in a double-layer soil system,and the load sharing and interaction factors of piled rafts are *** obtained results are then checked statistically with nonlinear multiple regression(NMR)and artificial neural network(ANN)modeling,and some prediction models are *** models are prepared with Levenberg-Marquardt(LM)algorithm for load sharing and interaction factors through backpropagation *** factor of safety(FS)of PRF is also estimated using the proposed NMR and ANN models,which can be used for developing the design strategy of PRF.

关键词： interaction load sharing ratio piled raft nonlinear regression artificial neural network

Observation of Complex Organic Molecules Containing Peptide-like Bonds Toward Hot Core G358.93-0.03 MM1

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 181-189页

作者： Arijit Manna Sabyasachi pal Department of Physics and Astronomy Midnapore City CollegePaschim MedinipurWest Bengal721129India

In star formation regions,the complex organic molecules(COMs)that contain peptide bonds(-NH-C(=O)-)play a major role in the metabolic process because-NH-C(=O)-is connected to amino acids(R-CHNH_2-COOH).Over the past few decades,many COMs containing peptide-like bonds have been detected in hot molecular cores(HMCs),hot corinos,and cold molecular clouds,however,their prebiotic chemistry is poorly *** present the first detection of the rotational emission lines of formamide(NH_2CHO)and isocyanic acid(HNCO),which contain peptide-like bonds toward the chemically rich HMC G358.93-0.03 MM1,using high-resolution and high-sensitivity Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array bands 6 and *** estimate that the column densities of NH_2CHO and HNCO toward G358.93-0.03 MM1 are(2.80±0.29)×10~(15)cm~(-2)and(1.80±0.42)×10~(16)cm~(-2)with excitation temperatures of 165±21 K and 170±32 K,*** fractional abundances of NH_2CHO and HNCO toward G358.93-0.03 MM1 are(9.03±1.44)×10~(-10)and(5.80±2.09)×10^(-9).We compare the estimated abundances of NH_2CHO and HNCO with the existing threephase warm-up chemical model abundance values and notice that the observed and modeled abundances are very *** conclude that NH_2CHO is produced by the reaction of NH_2and H_2CO in the gas phase toward G358.93-0.03 ***,HNCO is produced on the surface of grains by the reaction of NH and CO toward G358.93-0.03 *** also find that NH_2CHO and HNCO are chemically linked toward G358.93-0.03 MM1.

关键词： ISM individual objects(G358.93-0.03)-ISM abundances-ISM kinematics and dynamics-stars formation-astrochemistry

Using modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer to get better nonlinear correction term of an isotropic nonlinear material

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第7期7卷 624-626页

作者： Ashish pal Sourangshu Mukhopadhyay Department of Physics The University of Burdwan

Nonlinear materials have been well established as photo refractive switching material. Important applica- tions of isotropic nonlinear materials are seen in self-focusing, defocusing phenomena, switching systems, etc. The nonlinear correction term is basically responsible for the optical switches. Mach-Zehnder inter- ferometer （MZI） is a well-known arrangement for determining the above correction term, but there are some major problems for finding out the term by MZI. We propose a new method of finding the nonlinear correction term as well as the second order nonlinear susceptibility of the materials by using a modified MZI system. This method may be used to find out the above parameters for any unknown nonlinear material.

关键词： Using modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer to get better nonlinear correction term of an isotropic nonlinear material EOM MZI

Frequencies of Lock Gate Structure Coupled with Reservoir Fluid

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Sound & Vibration 2020年第3期54卷 179-200页

作者： Priyaranjan pal Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad Prayagraj211004India

This study determines the natural frequencies of the lock gate structure,considering the coupled effect of reservoir fluid on one side using the finite element method(FEM).The gate is assumed to be a uniformly thick plate,and its material is isotropic,homogeneous,and *** reservoir fluid is assumed to be inviscid and incompressible in an irrotational flow *** length of the reservoir domain is truncated using the far boundary condition by adopting the Fourier series expansion *** different assumptions on the free surface,i.e.,undisturbed and linearized,are considered in the fluid domain *** computer code is written based on the developed finite element *** natural frequencies of the lock gate are computed when interacting with and without reservoir *** numerical problems are studied considering the effects of boundary conditions,aspect ratios,and varying dimensions of the gate and the fluid *** frequencies of gate reduce significantly due to the presence of *** frequencies increase when the fluid extends to either side of the *** frequencies reduce when the depth of the fluid domain above the top edge of the gate *** frequencies drop considerably when the free surface condition is taken into *** results of frequencies of lock gate structure may be useful to the designer if it is experienced in natural catastrophes.

关键词： Lock gate reservoir fluid fluid-structure interaction frequency HSDT FEM

Chaos control in a discrete-time predator-prey model with weak Allee effect

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第7期11卷 123-148页

作者： Saheb pal Sourav Kumar Sasmal Nikhil pal Department of Mathematics Visva-Bharati Santiniketan 731235India Department of Physics and Mathematics Aoyama Gakuin University Kanagawa 252-5258Japan

The stability of the predator-prey model subject to the Allee effect is an interesting topic in recent *** this paper,we investigate the impact of weak Allee effect on the stability of a discrete-time predator-prey model with Holling type-IV functional *** mathematical features of the proposed model are analyzed with the help of equilibrium analysis,stability analysis,and bifurcation *** provide sufficient conditions for the flip bifurcation by considering Allee parameter as the bifurcation *** observe that the model becomes stable from chaotic dynamics as the Allee parameter ***,we observe bi-stability behavior of the model between only prey existence equilibrium and the coexistence *** analytical findings are illustrated through numerical simulations.

关键词： Chaos control Allee effect flip bifurcation bi-stability Lyapunov exponent