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Overestimate of Fibrosis by FIBrOSpect(r) Ⅱ in African Americans Complicates the Management of their Chronic Hepatitis C

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2016年第1期4卷 12-19页

作者： Maher Tama Paul Naylor Suhag patel Johnny Altawil Dhiraj Gulati Fadi Antaki Milton G.Mutchnick Murray Ehrinpreis Wayne State University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Detroit MI USA

Background:Evaluation of advanced fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is used to facilitate decisions on treatment strategy and to initiate additional screening ***,most studies have predominately Caucasian (Cau) patients and may not be as relevant for African Americans (AA).Aims:This study specifically addresses the issue of defining minimal *** fibrosis in African Americans (AA) with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) using noninvasive ***:All patients (n =319) seen between 1 January 2008 and 30 June 2013 for whom a FibroSpect II(r) (FSII) assay was performed and had data for calculation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)platelet ratio index (APrI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) were identified using the medical ***:When liver biopsy score and FSII assay results for the AA patients with CHC were compared,31% of AA had advanced FSII fibrosis scores (F2-F4) despite a biopsy score of *** contrast,10% of Cau *** AA false positive rate was 14% for APrI and 34% for *** FSII with either APrI (7% false positive) or FIB-4 (10% false positive) improved the false positive rate in AA to 7% (FSII + APrI) and 10%(FSII + FIB-4) but reduced the sensitivity for significant ***:The FSII assay overestimates fibrosis in AA and should be used with caution since these patients may not have significant *** the APrI or FIB-4 assay is combined with the FSII assay,minimal fibrosis in AA can be defined without subjecting the patients to a subsequent biopsy.

关键词： Hepatitis c Fibrosis African Americans Fibrospect

Ethnobotanical database based screening and identification of potential plant species with antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive(3D7) strain of Plasmodium falciparum

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第2期8卷 92-97页

作者： Monica Noronha Shivali Guleria Dhara Jani L.B.George Hyacinth Highland r.B.Subramanian P.G.Department of Biosciences Centre of Advanced Studies Satellite Campus Sardar Patel MaidanBakrol Vadtal road Sardar Patel University Department of Zoology Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics School of SciencesGujarat University

Objective: To evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of aqueous-methanolic plant extracts of nine plant species selected, based on ethnobotanical data. Methods: Based on ethnobotanical database, the selected plants were tested for their antiplasmodial activity against chloroquinesensitive(3 D7) strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Qualitative tests and high performance thin layer chromatography analysis were carried out to explore the phytocomponents present in the plant extracts. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant activity was also determined to check the antioxidant activity of the plant extracts. results: Moringa oleifera(IC_(50): 3.906 μg/mL),Acalypha indica(IC_(50): 3.906 μg/mL), Hyptis suaveolens(IC_(50): 3.906 μg/mL), Mangifera indica(IC_(50): 4.150 μg/mL) and Averrhoa bilimbi(IC_(50): 4.881 μg/mL) showed very good antiplasmodial activity. Conclusions: Crude extracts of Mangifera indica and Hyptis suaveolens demonstrated the most efficacious antimalarial activity. A bioassay-guided fractionation of these extracts to identify the lead compound is proved to be useful. The results validate the traditional use of the selected plants as antimalarials.

关键词： Antiplasmodial Antioxidant Plasmodium falciparum Ethnobotany

恶性脑肿瘤治疗后复发——相对脑血容量分数区分恶性组织学容量分数高低的精确度

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国际医学放射学杂志 2009年第3期 283-284页

作者： E.L.Gasparetto M.A.Pawlak S.H.patel J.Huse J.H.Woo J.Krejza r.L.Wolf 陈柱 Division of Neuroradiology Department of RadiologyHospital of the University of Pennsylvania3400 Spruce St.PhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

目的在原发或继发脑肿瘤治疗之后对其行增强MrI监测,确定相对脑血容量(rCBV)分数在区分强化肿块中高度复发肿瘤与治疗相关坏死(TrN)的精确度。方法经机构审查委员会同意,符合HIPAA,回顾性研究30例行复发强化肿块切除术的病人,这些病人... 详细信息

目的在原发或继发脑肿瘤治疗之后对其行增强MrI监测,确定相对脑血容量(rCBV)分数在区分强化肿块中高度复发肿瘤与治疗相关坏死(TrN)的精确度。方法经机构审查委员会同意,符合HIPAA,回顾性研究30例行复发强化肿块切除术的病人,这些病人均在行外科手术和放疗(行或不行化疗)后再次出现强化的肿块。

关键词：脑血容量恶性组织分数

帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析

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中华肿瘤防治杂志 2021年第24期28卷 1841-1850页

作者：陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George r Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He roshal patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh 山东省肿瘤防治研究院(山东省肿瘤医院) 山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)山东济南250117 不详 Department of radiation Oncology The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBrO-rT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,... 详细信息

背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBrO-rT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBrO-rT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBrO-rT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBrO-rT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为rO-rT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(Arr)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACr)、12周时Arr、12周时ACr、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBrO-rT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在***上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQr):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳Arr分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),Or=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACr分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),Or=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQr:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQr:6.8~11.2),Hr=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQr:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQr:14.6~23.8),Or=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。

关键词：帕博利珠单抗非小细胞肺癌放疗汇总分析

Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics study of Fixtral SB as compared to supra bioavailable itraconazole and conventional itraconazole

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2023年第1期12卷 1-11页

作者： Syed Mujtaba Hussain Naqvi Monil Yogesh Neena Gala snehal Muchhala Anand Arumugam Dhananjay Panigrahi Dipak Patil rahul rathod Amey Mane Medical Affairs Dr Reddy’s LaboratoriesHyderabad 500016India Global Clinical Management Dr Reddy’s LaboratoriesHyderabad 500016India Formulation Development Dr Reddy’s LaboratoriesHyderabad 500016India

BACKGrOUND Itraconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal inhibiting fungal growth by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis and exhibits a nonlinear pharmacokinetic *** absorption pattern with wide fluctuations in blood levels causes inconsistent and unpredictable clinical behaviour of this drug despite its low minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)as compared to other antifungal *** To compare the oral bioavailability and bioequivalence of Fixtral SB(supra bioavailable itraconazole)with reference product r2(supra bioavailable 2×50 mg itraconazole).METHODS The study population consisted of 54 healthy volunteers,aged between 18-45 years and randomized to receive a single oral dose of either test[T;Fixtral SB(supra bioavailable itraconazole)100 mg]or reference product(r1;Sporanox 100 mg×2 capsules and r2;Lozanoc capsules 50 mg×2 capsules).Blood samples were taken pre-dose and post-dose up to 96 *** study evaluated bioequivalence by comparing the oral bioavailability of the test product with reference product *** pharmacodynamic characteristics of the drug were evaluated by comparing the test product with reference product ***(PK)-PD comparative analysis[area under the concentration-time curve(AUC)/minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)>25]was performed for conventional itraconazole 100 mg and supra bioavailable itraconazole 50 *** events(AEs)assessments were performed in each study period and post-study *** Statistical analysis of primary PK variables revealed bioequivalence,with confidence intervals being completely inside the acceptance criteria of 80%-125%.The peak concentration levels of itraconazole were achieved at 10 h(T)and 8.5 h(r2),*** parameter assessment showed that AUC/MIC for r1 are comparable to Fixtral SB 100mg for MIC levels up to 16mcg/mL(P>0.05 and observed P=0.3196).Six AEs were observed that were mild to moderate in severity and *** severe AE was reported.

关键词： Supra-Bioavailable itraconazole Conventional itraconazole Oral bioavailability Pharmacodynamics Efficacy Adverse events

Concept of dushi visha(latent poison)a review in ayurveda

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TMr Theory and Hypothesis 2019年第2期2卷 166-172页

作者： Dr.Deepti patel Dr.S.r.Inchulkar Dr.YuvrajKaushik Dr.N.S.Chauhan Department of Agad Tantra Evam Vidhi Vaidyak Govt. Ayurveda CollegeRaipurIndia Senior Scientific Officer Grade-II Drug Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra RaipurIndia

A poison,which is having fewer properties,which means less thanit’s own ten classical properties or the poison which is having lesser potency of all ten properties,attains a accumulative or hidden stage in the body is called Dushi Visha(latent poison).Low potency of all the ten qualities of poison are said to be responsible for the delayed action and cumulative toxicity on the body.A much detailed description about DushiVisha is not seen in Ayurvedic *** concept of DushiVisha is still an *** understand Dushi Visha,it is important to understand that what are theoriginating factors can be considered under DushiVisha,how it remains in the body without undergoing elimination,how does it causes cumulative toxicity,which factors will aggravate DushiVisha,how the clinical features of DushiVisha will be presented in the *** get proper answer to all these practical queries,it is necessary to go through it’*** an attempt is made to review the concept of DushiVisha in detail.

关键词： DushiVisha Latent poison Virudhahara Cumulative toxicity

On-chip beam rotators,adiabatic mode converters,and waveplates through low-loss waveguides with variable cross-sections

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1876-1890页

作者： Bangshan Sun Fyodor Morozko Patrick S.Salter Simon Moser Zhikai Pong raj B.patel Ian A.Walmsley Mohan Wang Adir Hazan Nicolas Barré Alexander Jesacher Julian Fells Chao He Aviad Katiyi Zhen-Nan Tian Alina Karabchevsky Martin J.Booth Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordOX13PJUK School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the NegevP.O.B.653Beer-Sheva8410501Israel Institute of Biomedical Physics Medical University of InnsbruckMüllerstraße 446020InnsbruckAustria Ultrafast Quantum Optics group Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondonUK Department of Physics University of OxfordOxfordUK Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Straße 691052ErlangenGermany State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

Photonics integrated circuitry would benefit considerably from the ability to arbitrarily control waveguide cross-sections with high precision and low loss,in order to provide more degrees of freedom in manipulating propagating ***,we report a new method for femtosecond laser writing of optical-fiber-compatible glass waveguides,namely spherical phase-induced multicore waveguide(SPIM-WG),which addresses this challenging task with three-dimensional on-chip light *** in the heating regime with high scanning speed,precise deformation of cross-sections is still achievable along the waveguide,with shapes and sizes finely controllable of high resolution in both horizontal and vertical transversal *** observed that these waveguides have high refractive index contrast of 0.017,low propagation loss of 0.14 dB/cm,and very low coupling loss of 0.19 dB coupled from a single-mode ***-WG devices were easily fabricated that were able to perform on-chip beam rotation through varying angles,or manipulate the polarization state of propagating light for target *** also demonstrated SPIM-WG mode converters that provide arbitrary adiabatic mode conversion with high efficiency between symmetric and asymmetric nonuniform modes;examples include circular,elliptical modes,and asymmetric modes from ppKTP(periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate)waveguides which are generally applied in frequency conversion and quantum light *** inside optical glass,these waveguides and devices have the capability to operate across ultra-broad bands from visible to infrared *** compatibility with optical fiber also paves the way toward packaged photonic integrated circuitry,which usually needs input and output fiber connections.

关键词： waveguide waveguides polarization