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Research progress in friction stir processing of magnesium alloys and their metal matrix surface composites: Evolution in the 21^(st )century

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2091-2146页

作者： Roshan Vijay Marode Tamiru Alemu Lemma Nabihah Sallih Srinivasa rao Pedapati Mokhtar Awang Adeel Hassan Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandarSeri IskandarPerak 32610Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringThe University of Texas Permian BasinMidland-OdessaUnited States Mechanical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi BruneiBrunei

Rising concerns about climate change drive the demand for lightweight ***(Mg)alloys are highly valued for their low weight,making them increasingly important in various *** focusing on enhancing the characteristics of Mg alloys and developing their Metal Matrix Composites(MMCs)have gained significant attention worldwide over the past decade,driven by the global shift towards lightweight *** Stir Processing(FSP)has emerged as a promising technique to enhance the properties of Mg alloys and produce ***,FSP adapted to refine grain size from the micro to the nano level and accelerated the development of MMCs due to its solid-state nature and the synergistic effects of microstructure refinement and reinforcement,improving strength,hardness,ductility,wear resistance,corrosion resistance,and fatigue ***,producing defect-free and sound FSPed Mg and Mg-MMCs requires addressing several variables and their interdependencies,which opens up a broad range of practical *** existing reviews on individual FSP of Mg,its alloys,and MMCs,an attempt has been made to analyze the latest research on these three aspects collectively to enhance the understanding,application,and effectiveness of FSP for Mg and its *** review article discusses the literature,classifies the importance of Mg alloys,provides a historical background,and explores developments and potential applications of FSPed Mg *** focuses on novel fabrication methods,reinforcement strategies,machine and tool design parameters,material characterization,and integration with other methods for enhanced *** influence of process parameters and the emergence of defects are examined,along with specific applications in mono and hybrid composites and their microstructure *** study identifies promising reinforcement materials and highlights research gaps in FSP for Mg alloys and MMCs *** conclude

关键词： Magnesium alloys Friction stir processing Metal matrix composites Lightweight Surface modification

Effectiveness of C-Reactive Protein as a Tuberculosis Screening Test Among HIV-Infected Individuals—Shanghai,China,2021-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第35期6卷 891-895页

作者： Lixin rao Zheyuan Wu Jing Chen Zhen Ning Xin Shen Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention ShanghaiChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?The World Health Organization(WHO)has recommended the inclusion of the C-reactive protein(CRP)test in active tuberculosis(ATB)screening algorithms among human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected *** performance of the CRP test in African regions has been *** is added by this report?This study analyzed data from a big data platform of Shanghai medical records together with infectious disease surveillance systems.

关键词： Infect tuberculosis records

Tanshinone IIA ameliorates energy metabolism dysfunction of pulmonary fibrosis using 13C metabolic flux analysis

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第2期14卷 244-258页

作者： Baixi Shan Haoyan Zhou Congying Guo Xiaolu Liu Mingyu Wu rao Zhai Jun Chen State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing210009China Department of Pharmacognosy School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing210009China

Evidence indicates that metabolic reprogramming characterized by the changes in cellular metabolic patterns contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). It is considered as a promising therapeutic target anti-PF. The well-documented against PF properties of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) have been primarily attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency. Emerging evidence suggests that Tan IIA may target energy metabolism pathways, including glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. However, the detailed and advanced mechanisms underlying the anti-PF activities remain obscure. In this study, we applied [U-13C]-glucose metabolic flux analysis (MFA) to examine metabolism flux disruption and modulation nodes of Tan IIA in PF. We identified that Tan IIA inhibited the glycolysis and TCA flux, thereby suppressing the production of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-dependent extracellular matrix and the differentiation and proliferation of myofibroblasts in vitro. We further revealed that Tan IIA inhibited the expression of key metabolic enzyme hexokinase 2 (HK2) by inhibiting phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) pathway activities, which decreased the accumulation of abnormal metabolites. Notably, we demonstrated that Tan IIA inhibited ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) activity, which reduced the collagen synthesis pathway caused by cytosol citrate consumption. Further, these results were validated in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced PF. This study was novel in exploring the mechanism of the occurrence and development of Tan IIA in treating PF using 13C-MFA technology. It provided a novel understanding of the mechanism of Tan IIA against PF from the perspective of metabolic reprogramming.

关键词： Pulmonary fibrosis Tanshinone IIA 13C-metabolic flux analysis Metabolic reprogramming

Health effects of fruit juices and beverages with varying degrees of processing

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2456-2479页

作者： Xinyue Zhang Xiaojun Liao Yongtao Wang Lei rao Liang Zhao National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable ProcessingKey Laboratory of Food Non-Thermal ProcessingMinistry of Agricultural and Rural AffairsCollege of Food Science&Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

The degree of processing is rarely considered an independent factor in the health effects of fruit juices and beverages(FJBs)*** fact,the consumption of ultra-processed foods has been shown to pose health *** this study,we first integrated 4 systems used to classify the degree of food processing and then classified FJBs into three major categories,low(minimal),moderate and ***,we compared the differences in attitudes towards FJBs in dietary ***,we integrated the results of existing epidemiological surveys,randomized controlled trials,and animal experiments to explore the health risks associated with consuming *** the processing of FJBs has been found to lead to an increased risk of *** pattern,nutrients,addition agents and consumer preferences may be influential ***,we investigated whether there were any changes in the health benefits of 100%fruit juices produced by different processing *** conclusion,minimally/moderately processed 100%fruit juices provide more health benefits than highly processed fruit *** results support the need to consider the extent of FJBs processing in future studies to adjust official nutritional recommendations for beverage consumption.

关键词： Fruit juices and beverages Dietary guidelines Degree of processing Health effects Mechanism

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Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on human fertility:A scientometric and visualized evaluation

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 113-115页

作者： Xiangxiu Wang Yifan rao Lili Tan Ziqiu Hu Lin Wen Weixi Qin Bingyi Li Keqiao He Tieying Yin Juhui Qiu Yuming Wang Yaokai Chen Xiancai rao Guixue Wang Key Laboratory of Biorheological and Technology of the Ministry of Education State and Local Joint Engineering LaboratoryforVascular ImplantsModern LifeScience Experiment Teaching Center at Bioengineering College of Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Department of Microbiology College of Basic Medical SciencesKey Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400038China Jinfeng Laboratory Chongqing 401329China Division of Infectious Diseases Chongqing Public Health Medical CenterChongqing 400036China

CovID-19,also known as coronavirus disease 2019,is a novel coronavirus disease with high infectivity,strong heterogeneity,and long incubation period(generally 3-14 days).Its main symptoms and signs include fever,dry cough,nasal congestion,fatigue,disorientation,lymphopenia,and *** short-term and long-term impacts of covID-19 on human health,particularly its effects on human reproduction and offspring development,continue to receive significant concerns,as they may lead to potential sequelae for several decades or even centuries.

关键词： nasal fertility fever

Molecular Investigation of Theileria in Ixodid Ticks from Changzhi,Shanxi Province,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期37卷 922-925页

作者： Jia Cui Hua Xiang rao Yiping Liu Dongmei Li Juan Yu Department of Microbiology of Basic Medical Sciences Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina Department of Medical parasitology of Basic Medical Sciences Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina Department of Vector Biology and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Theileria is a tick-borne intracellular protozoan that typically parasitizes erythrocytes,lymphocytes,and macrophages and causes acute clinical symptoms in host animals,including high fever,anemia,jaundice,and swelling of superficial lymph nodes[1].Theileriosis can lead to high mortality rates,and its rising global prevalence has resulted in significant economic losses to livestock husbandry and the national economy[2].

关键词： husbandry swelling typically

Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part I:Phase decomposition induced by carbon content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 679-688页

作者： Qingyi Kong rao Zhang Lei Chen Sijia Huo Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Boxin Wei Yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Phase decomposition can effectively enhance the mechanical properties of carbide ceramics and can overcome the difficulty of enhancing the mechanical properties of single-phase multicomponent carbide *** this work,a series of nonstoichiometric(TiZrVNb)Cx ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)at different *** effects of the carbon content on the phase composition,microstructure evolution,and mechanical properties were investigated in *** decomposition occurred with decreasing carbon *** different solid solutions of(Ti,V)-rich and Zr-rich phases formed from the decomposition of equimolar single-phase solid solutions,namely,the Zr-poor phase and Zr-rich phase,*** distribution of Nb element is relatively *** semicoherent interfaces between the Zr-poor phase and the Zr-rich phase can harden and strengthen effectively under the synergistic effect of grain *** with phase decomposition structures have apparent advantages compared to single-phase high-entropy *** work provides an important train of thought for the microstructure tailoring and properties optimization of multi-component carbide ceramics.

关键词： multicomponent ceramics nontoichiometry microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

Regulating the electronic structure of Ir single atoms by ZrO_(2)nanoparticles for enhanced catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde at room temperature

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 200-205页

作者： Shiqi Peng Yongfang rao Tan Li Yufei Zhang Jun-ji Cao Shuncheng Lee Yu Huang Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry&Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG)Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Xi’an 710061China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 51006China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

Developing low-loading single-atom catalysts with superior catalytic activity and selectivity in formaldehyde(HCHO)oxidation at room temperature remains ***,ZrO_(2)nanoparticles coupled low-loading Ir single atoms in N-doped carbon(Ir_(1)-N-C/ZrO_(2))was *** optimal Ir_(1)-N-C/ZrO_(2)with 0.25 wt%Ir loading delivers the high HCHO removal and conversion efficiency(>95%)at 20℃,which is higher than that over Ir_(1)-N-C with the same Ir *** specific rate can reach 1285.6 mmol gIr^(-1)h^(-1),surpassing the Ir based catalysts reported to *** functional theory calculation results and electron spin resonance spectra indicate that the introduction of Zr O_(2)nanoparticles modulate the electronic structure of the Ir single atoms,promoting O_(2)activation to·O_(2)^(–).Moreover,the Ir-C-Zr channel is favorable for the dissociation of·O_(2)^(–)to active oxygen atom(*O),and further accelerates the transformation of HCHO and intermediates(dioxymethylene and formates)to CO_(2)and H_(2)*** work provides a facile strategy to design low-loading single-atom catalysts with high catalytic activity toward HCHO oxidation.

关键词： ZrO_(2)nanoparticles Ir single atoms Electronic structure Formaldehyde Catalytic oxidation

Oxidation behavior of FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)particles in the air:Nonisothermal kinetic and reaction mechanism

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1839-1848页

作者： Junyi Xiang Xi Lu Luwei Bai Hongru rao Sheng Liu Qingyun Huang Shengqin Zhang Guishang Pei Xuewei Lü School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Rep.of Korea College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

High-temperature oxidation behavior of ferrovanadium(FeV_(2)O_(4))and ferrochrome(FeCr_(2)O_(4))spinels is crucial for the application of spinel as an energy material,as well as for the clean usage of high-chromium vanadium ***,the nonisothermal oxidation behavior of FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction was examined by thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction(XRD)at heating rates of 5,10,and 15 K/*** apparent activation energy was determined by the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(KAS)method,whereas the mechanism function was elucidated by the Malek ***,in-situ XRD was conducted to deduce the phase transformation of the oxidation mechanism for FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4).The results reveal a gradual increase in the overall apparent activation energies for FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)during *** stages of the oxidation process are observed based on the oxidation conversion rate of each *** oxidation mechanisms of FeV_(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)are complex and have distinct *** particular,the chemical reaction controls the entire oxidation process for FeV_(2)O_(4),whereas that for FeCr_(2)O_(4)transitions from a three-dimensional diffusion model to a chemical reaction *** to the in-situ XRD results,numerous intermediate products are observed during the oxidation process of both compounds,eventually resulting in the final products FeVO_(4)and V2O_(5)for FeV_(2)O_(4)and Fe_(2)O_(3)and Cr_(2)O_(3)for FeCr_(2)O_(4),respectively.

关键词： FeV_(2)O_(4) FeCr_(2)O_(4) oxidation nonisothermal kinetics mechanism