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Association of latitude and altitude with adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19: The VIRUS registry

World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第2期11卷 102-111页

作者： Aysun Tekin Shahraz Qamar Romil Singh Vikas Bansal Mayank Sharma Allison M LeMahieu Andrew C Hanson Phillip J Schulte Marija Bogojevic Neha Deo Simon Zec Diana J Valencia Morales Katherine A Belden smith f heavner Margit Kaufman Sreekanth Cheruku Valerie C Danesh Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed Catherine A St Hill Amy B Christie Syed A Khan Lynn Retford Karen Boman Vishakha KKumar John C O'Horo Juan Pablo Domecq Allan J Walkey Ognjen Gajic Rahul Kashyap Salim Surani TheSociety of Critical Care Medicine(SCCM)Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study(VIRUS):COVID-Registry Investigator Group Department of Anesthesiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Post-baccalaureate Research Education Program Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and ScienceRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Alix School of Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Infectious Diseases Thomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States Prisma Health GreenvilleSC 29605United States Englewood Health EnglewoodNJ 07631United States Divisions of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Pain ManagementUT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States Center for Applied Health Research Baylor Scott and White HealthDallasTX 75246United States Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMA 02215United States Allina Health MinneapolisMN 55407United States Department of Critical Care Atrium Health NavicentMaconGA 31201United States Division of Critical Care Medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemMankatoMN 56001United States Society of Critical Care Medicine Mount ProspectIL 60056United States Division of Infectious Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Pulmonary Center Division of PulmonaryAllergyCritical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineEvans Center of Implementation and Improvement SciencesBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA 02118United States Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Texas A&M UniversityBryanTX 77807United States 不详

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)course may be affected by environmental *** studies previously suggested a link between climatological factors and COVID-19 fatality ***,individual-level impact of these factors has not been thoroughly evaluated *** To study the association of climatological factors related to patient location with unfavorable outcomes in *** In this observational analysis of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study:COVID-19 Registry cohort,the latitudes and altitudes of hospitals were examined as a covariate for mortality within 28 d of admission and the length of hospital *** for baseline parameters and admission date,multivariable regression modeling was *** estimating equations were used to fit the *** Twenty-two thousand one hundred eight patients from over 20 countries were *** median age was 62(interquartile range:49-74)years,and 54%of the included patients were *** median age increased with increasing latitude as well as the frequency of ***,the percentage of comorbidities was lower in elevated *** within 28 d of hospital admission was found to be 25%.The median hospital-free days among all included patients was 20 *** the significant linear relationship between mortality and hospital-free days(adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.39(1.04,1.86),P=0.025 for mortality within 28 d of admission;aOR=-1.47(-2.60,-0.33),P=0.011 for hospital-free days),suggesting that adverse patient outcomes were more common in locations further away from the Equator;the results were no longer significant when adjusted for baseline differences(aOR=1.32(1.00,1.74),P=0.051 for 28-day mortality;aOR=-1.07(-2.13,-0.01),P=0.050 for hospital-free days).When we looked at the altitude’s effect,we discovered that it demonstrated a non-linear association with mortality wi

关键词： 28 d mortality Altitude COVID-19 Hospital-free days Latitude Outcomes

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准备迎接更严格的美国商标法

引用

进出口经理人 2015年第4期 78-80页

作者： B.Brett heavner Morgan E.smith 美国飞翰律师事务所

目前，与美国公民和公司相比，非美国的商标所有者在向美国专利及商标局（USPTO）注册其商标时具有显著优势。具体而言，美国法律要求美国公民和位于美国的公司提交证据来证明其所申请的商标在注册签发前已在美国商业市场中使用，参见15... 详细信息

目前，与美国公民和公司相比，非美国的商标所有者在向美国专利及商标局（USPTO）注册其商标时具有显著优势。具体而言，美国法律要求美国公民和位于美国的公司提交证据来证明其所申请的商标在注册签发前已在美国商业市场中使用，参见15 U.S.C.§1051，商标审查程序手册（TMEP）§903、904。美国商标法“用于商业”这一要求的公共政策基础是USPTO商标注册应能反映美国市场的实际状况。企业只能为其在美国实际提供的产品和服务在美国获得商标权。

关键词：美国公民商标法 USPTO 商标注册商业市场美国专利法律要求审查程序

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