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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第8期4卷 605-615页

作者： Vincent Kodzo Nartey Ebenezer Kofi Hayford smile kwami ametsi University of Ghana

Water samples from four water bodies that flow through some solid waste dump sites in the Accra metropolitan area of Ghana were analysed over a period of six months for Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Mn contents;coliform bacteria and helminth eggs. Other water quality parameters such as BOD, DO, suspended solids and turbidity were also assessed. Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn, and Cu were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Faecal coliforms, total coliforms and helminth eggs were determined by the membrane filtration (MF) method. The water samples contain various levels of Cd, Pb and Mn;Zn and Cu levels were low and found to be below the detection levels of the instrument in most cases. Helminth egg counts in water samples were high;an indication that the water bodies were polluted with pathogens. It has been observed that the major sources of pollutants into the water bodies were organic waste as well as coliform bacteria derived from these waste dumps. The elevated levels of bacteria make the water bodies unsafe for both primary and secondary contacts.

关键词： Landfills Solid Waste Dumpsite Water Bodies

Design, manufacture and testing of a prototype obstacle-detection device at blind corners: an automated highway system technology

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2021年第1期3卷 10-20页

作者： Charles Atombo Emmanuel Gbey Apevienyeku kwami Holali Department of Mechanical Engineering Ho Technical UniversityP.O.Box HP 217HOVolta RegionGhana

Traffic accidents on highways are attributed mostly to the”invisibility”of oncoming traffic and road signs.”Speeding”also causes drivers to reduce the effective radius of the vehicle path in the curve,thus trespassing into the lane of the oncoming *** main aim of this paper was to develop a multisensory obstacle-detection device that is affordable,easy to implement and easy to maintain to reduce the risk of road accidents at blind *** ultrasonic sensor module with a maximum measuring angle of 15◦was used to ensure that a significant portion of the lane was detected at the blind *** sensor covered a minimum effective area of 0.5 m2 of the road for obstacle *** light was employed to signify caution while negotiating the blind *** photoresistors(PRs)were used as sensors because of the limited number of pins on the microcontroller(Arduino Uno).However,the device developed for this project achieved obstacle detection at blind corners at relatively low cost and can be accessed by all road *** real-world applications,the use of piezoelectric accelerometers(vibration sensors)instead of PR sensors would be more desirable in order to detect not only cars but also two-wheelers.

关键词： Arduino blind corner microcontroller obstacle detection road accidents

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公交停靠站延误分析及估算方法

武汉理工大学学报（交通科学与工程版） 2010年第5期34卷 877-881页

作者：徐志 Akpakli Vincent kwami 杨孝宽北京工业大学交通工程北京市重点实验室北京100022

根据公交车停靠过程对公交停靠站延误进行了定义,以公交车辆的运行状态和延误产生的原因为基础对公交停靠站延误进行了分类,按照分类分析了延误的影响因素.提出了公交负荷到达率的概念,并以此概念从公交停靠站的供需两方面描述其运营情... 详细信息

根据公交车停靠过程对公交停靠站延误进行了定义,以公交车辆的运行状态和延误产生的原因为基础对公交停靠站延误进行了分类,按照分类分析了延误的影响因素.提出了公交负荷到达率的概念,并以此概念从公交停靠站的供需两方面描述其运营情况.以北京市典型的港湾式和非港湾式公交停靠站为研究对象,确定了公交停靠站延误与公交负荷到达率的关系,对两类公交停靠站分别给出了延误估算的经验模型.

关键词：公交停靠站延误公交负荷到达率

Comparative Study of Polypropylene Non-Woven Surgical Mask and Locally Manufactured Woven and Knitted Fabrics Facial Masks

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2021年第3期9卷 131-141页

作者： Edem kwami Buami Charles Kumah Divine Vigbedor Rejoice Makafui Tsotorvor Ruru Pan Department of Industrial Art Ho Technical University Ho Volta Region Ghana Visual Art Department Akatsi College of Education Akatsi Volta Region Ghana Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles Ministry of Education School of Textile & Clothing Jiangnan University Wuxi China

The outbreak of coronavirus has led to an increase in the demand for facemasks globally. Unavailability of appropriate polypropylene non-woven fabrics face masks as a result of inadequate supply to satisfy the growing population has brought about the manufacturing of locally fabrics masks to augment or substitute standard medical class facemasks. The study aims at analyzing airflow of these locally manufactured fabrics to determine possible means of transmitting the virus as well as establish comfort of the user of these masks. Standard polypropylene non-woven, woven and knitted fabrics were considered for the study. Air permeability test was conducted on these fabrics using Frazier Air permeability tester. Depending on the property significant variation in the textile fabrics, polypropylene non-woven is widely accepted for facial masks. Nevertheless, this study illustrates that woven and knitted fabrics have more open structures, which allow a high rate of air penetration and so may require two or three layers to prevent antimicrobial or antiviral potential.

关键词： Polypropylene Non-Woven Fabric Woven Fabric Knitted Fabric Facial Mask Air Permeability

Use of the Appropriate Fabric for Cloth Face Mask: A Necessity in the Fight against COVID-19

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2021年第4期7卷 172-187页

作者： Richard Selase Gbadegbe Edem kwami Buami Charles Kumah Divine Vigbedor Department of Industrial Art Ho Technical University Ho Ghana

The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has created a global health crisis that has had a deep impact on the way we perceive our world and our everyday lives. The call for the wearing of face masks as one of the ways of curbing the disease has resulted in the proliferation of cloth face masks on our markets. In the desperation to cash in on the season and make money at all costs, some manufacturers use inferior fabrics to produce face masks. Some of these fabrics do not meet the basic performance requirements of cloth face masks. This study was therefore carried out to research into the appropriate fabrics that will be suitable for the production of cloth face masks in terms of comfort, breathability and protection. To do this, 1225 participants were conveniently drawn for the study. The main research instrument employed for the study was the survey approach in which well-structured questionnaires were administered to solicit information from the participants. To determine the reliability and validity of data, the Cronbach’s Alpha test was conducted. Data were analyzed using the Stata statistical software to perform a multinomial logistic regression to estimate Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. A multinomial logit model was constructed to determine the nominal variables. A major finding of the study was that people’s choice of fabric for cloth face masks is determined to a larger extent by their professions. The study also revealed that cotton, silk and linen possess good properties for the production of cloth face masks. Based on the findings, the study concludes that cloth face masks made from two-layered fabrics or three-layered fabrics are the best in terms of comfort and full protection of the wearer. It is recommended that the outer layer should be made from cotton and the inner layer made from linen, cotton-polyester blend or silk.

关键词： Air Permeability Breathability COVID-19 Fabric Cloth Face Mask

Morphometric Differentiation between Two Closely Related Achatinid Snails (Gastropoda: Achatinidae) of West Africa and Implications for the Conservation of <i>Achatina togoensis</i>(Bequaert &Clench, 1934)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第4期11卷 559-579页

作者： Komlan Mawuli Afiademanyo kwami Lumo Awaga Kamilou Ouro-Sama Hodabalo Dheoulaba Solitoke Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale et d’Ecotoxicologie Département de Zoologie et de Biologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Togo Département de Biochimie Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Gestion Traitement et Valorisation des Déchets (GTVD) Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Togo

Achatina togoensis is a giant land snail taxa endemic to the northern sectors of the Monts Togo, which has been regarded as full species or subspecies of the highly variable, widespread A. achatina (L.). To address this issue, samples of snails were taken throughout the distribution range of the two taxa in the Dahomey Gap (West Africa) and separated into 112 A. achatina and 141 A. togoensis according to color of the columella and parietal wall. Radulae were compared and shell characters of these 2 species were evaluated through the traditional morphometric method. The results indicate that the species cannot be distinguished by overall shell size and radular morphology, but they exhibit significant differenc

关键词： Shell Morphometry Radulae Achatina achatina Achatina togoensis West Africa

Valorization of Griffonia simplicifolia Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Sustainable Alternative

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Engineering（科研） 2023年第11期15卷 759-781页

作者： Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro kwami Aldo Eric Kolor Sassou Megnassan Kossi Honoré Koumaglo Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et des Ressources Naturelles (LAGEPREN) Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Département de Chimie Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Département de Chimie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université de Kara Kara Togo

Bio-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel), are promising alternatives for alleviating the adverse effects of fossil fuel consumption on climate change and preventing petroleum resource depletion. However, the selection of a viable feedstock for competitive biodiesel production remains challenging. Recent studies focusing on Griffonia simplicifolia seeds, the sole plant industrially exploited for 5-hydroxy- tryptophan (5-HTP) extraction, have shown that G. simplicifolia seed oil (GSO) can be solvent-extracted directly from ground seeds or the remaining seed cakes obtained after 5-HTP extraction with quantitative yields. This work documents the conversion of GSO into biodiesel through homogeneous base-catalyzed transesterification. The refractive index and density of the obtained methyl ester mixtures decreased with increasing oil-to-methanol molar ratio, reaction temperature, and time. Under specific conditions, 1.43 wt% FFA oil, 63.5C, 60 min, and 1:9 oil/MeOH molar ratio with 1.2 wt% NaOH or 1.3 wt% KOH as catalysts, optimal reaction conditions were reached. There were no significant differences in the potential for diminution of the refractive index and density between the NaOH and KOH catalysts. The predicted fuel properties based on the fatty acid composition determined by GC-MS showed that G. simplicifolia biodiesel exhibited a cetane index of 50.29, volumetric energy density of 34.97 MJ/L, cloud point of -1.03°C, kinematic viscosity of 4.07 mm2/s, and oxidative stability of 0.65 h. Apart from its unfavorable oxidative stability and slightly lower energy density compared to petrodiesel, all other calculated parameters met the current standards. The valorization concept proposed in this study should be integrated into the 5-HTP extraction process, preferably using the remaining dry seed cakes as raw materials to maximize revenue in a bioeconomic and sustainable approach.

关键词： Griffonia simplicifolia Seed Cakes Vegetable Oil Biodiesel

Anxiolytic-like effects of Pseudospondias microcarpa hydroethanolic leaf extract in zebrafish:Possible involvement of GABAergic and serotonergic pathways

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2023年第1期13卷 400-412页

作者： Donatus Wewura Adongo Charles Kwaku Benneh Augustine Tandoh Robert Peter Biney Kennedy kwami Edem Kukuia Priscilla Kolibea Mante Benjamin Kingsley Harley David Oteng Emmanuel Aduboffour Appiah Ernest Cudjoe Anorbor Eric Woode Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of PharmacyUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHoGhana Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Medical Pharmacology University of Ghana Medical SchoolCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaKorle BuAccraGhana Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine School of PharmacyUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHoGhana

Pseudospondias microcarpa is used in ethnomedicine to manage central nervous system *** hydroethanolic extract(PME)from the leaves of the plant has shown anxiolytic-like properties in mice anxiety ***,its effects in chronic anxiety models and possible mechanism(s)of action were not ***,the current study evaluated the anxiolytic-like mechanisms of PME in zebrafish models of *** zebrafish light dark test(LDT)and novel tank test(NTT)were employed to assess the anxiolytic-like effects of PME(0.1,0.3,1.0 mg mL^(−1)),fluox-etine(3×10^(−5)mg mL^(−1))and diazepam(1.5×10^(−7)mg mL^(−1)).The chronic unpredictable stress(CUS)test was used to further evaluate the extract’s anxiolytic-like *** potential mechanisms of anxiolytic action of the extract was evaluated after pre-treated with flumazenil,granisetron,methysergide,or pizotifen,all at 1×10^(−3)mg mL^(−1).The extract significantly decreased anxiety behaviours in the NT and LD *** observed effects of the extract were however counteracted by flumazenil,granisetron,methysergide and pizotifen *** addition,PME treatment significantly reversed CUS-induced anxiety behaviours in *** show that PME possesses anxiolytic-like effects possibly through interaction with serotonergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid mediated pathways.

关键词： Anxiety disorders Pseudospondias microcarpa Zebrafish Novel tank Benzodiazepines

Provider Adherence to Malaria Test, Treat and Track Policy in the Binduri District of the Upper East Region of Ghana

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 347-361页

作者： Justina Bompaana Tamponab Johnpual Amenu Emmanuel Amaglo Godwin Edem Yaotsey Wisdom kwami Takramah Priscilla Aku Nuna Dotse Livingstone Asem Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Psychology Methodist University College Accra Ghana Department of Public Administration and Health Services Management Business School University of Ghana Accra Ghana

Background: Malaria is a disease of public health concern, which causes significant mortality and morbidity in the tropics, particularly in Africa. Ghana as a country has been implementing a combination of preventive and curative interventions as outlined in the Strategic Plan for Malaria Control in Ghana, 2014-2020. Additionally, Ghana subscribes to sub-regional and global initiatives such as the test, treat and track (T3) initiative which seeks to ensure that every suspected malaria case is tested, every case tested positive is treated with the recommended quality-assured antimalarial medicine, and every case treated with antimalarial is followed up to ensure complete parasite clearance. However, the implementation of this policy is a challenge, hence the need to study provider adherence to the testing, treating, and tracking. Materials and method: The study is cross-sectional in nature and data for this research was collected from consulting room registers, patients’ folders, the District Health Information Management System and a structured questionnaire designed to interview healthcare providers. The data was exported into Stata for cleaning and analysis. The results of the study were presented in the form of statistical charts and tables. Results: The study revealed that generally, provider adherence to the T3 policy was encouraging in the Binduri district, and a high level of testing (100%) of suspected malaria cases eliminated the practice of presumptive treatment. However, tracking of patients (68.2%) was not as high as testing and treatment which was revealed by the number asked to return for a review during the folder review. Conclusion: Significant progress in clinicians’ adherence to policy on malaria case management (T3) in the Binduri District. Continued training and facilitative supervision are essential to sustain gains and close existing gaps in clinicians’ adherence to malaria case management policy.

关键词： Test Treat Track Malaria

Assessment of Knowledge and Practices of Community Health Nurses on Data Quality in the Ho Municipality of Ghana

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Open Journal of Nursing 2022年第6期12卷 428-443页

作者： Fidelis Zumah John Lapah Niyi Patrick Freeman Eweh Benjamin Noble Adjei Martin Alhassan Ajuik Emmanuel Amaglo Wisdom kwami Takramah Livingstone Asem University of Ghana Medical Centre Ltd. Legon Ghana Gushegu District Health Directorate Gushugu Ghana School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Police Clinic Ghana Police Service Ho Ghana

Background: High data quality provides correct and up-to-date information which is critical to ensure, not only for the maintenance of health care at an optimal level, but also for the provision of high-quality clinical care, continuing health care, clinical and health service research, and planning and management of health systems. For the attainment of achievable improvements in the health sector, good data is core. Aim/Objective: To assess the level of knowledge and practices of Community Health Nurses on data quality in the Ho municipality, Ghana. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed for the study, using a standard Likert scale questionnaire. A census was used to collect 77 Community Health Nurses’ information. The statistical software, Epi-Data 3.1 was used to enter the data and exported to STATA 12.0 for the analyses. Chi-square and logistic analyses were performed to establish associations between categorical variables and a p-value of less than 0.05 at 95% significance interval was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the 77 Community Health Nurses studied, 49 (63.64%) had good knowledge on data accuracy, 51 (66.23%) out of the 77 Community Health Nurses studied had poor knowledge on data completeness, and 64 (83.12%) had poor knowledge on data timeliness out of the 77 studied. Also, 16 (20.78%) and 33 (42.86%) of the 77 Community Health Nurses responded there was no designated staff for data quality review and no feedback from the health directorate respectively. Out of the 16 health facilities studied for data quality practices, half (8, 50.00%) had missing values on copies of their previous months’ report forms. More so, 10 (62.50%) had no reminders (monthly data submission itineraries) at the facility level. Conclusion: Overall, the general level of knowledge of Community Health Nurses on data quality was poor and their practices for improving data quality at the facility level were woefully inadequate. Therefore, Co

关键词： Community Health Nurses Data Quality Ho Municipality Ghana