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A gist of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A review

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2013年第6期5卷 102-112页

作者： Ashwin Rammohan Jeswanth Sathyanesan Kamalakannan Rajendran Anbalagan Pitchaimuthu Senthil-kumar Perumal UP Srinivasan ravi Ramasamy ravichandran Palaniappan Manoharan Govindan The Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Centre for GI Bleed Division of HPB Diseases Stanley Medical College Hospital

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have been recognized as a biologically distinctive tumor type, different from smooth muscle and neural tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). They constitute the majority of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors of the GIT and are known to be refractory to conventional chemotherapy or radiation. They are defined and diagnosed by the expression of a proto-oncogene protein detected by immunohistochemistry which serves as a crucial diagnostic and therapeutic target. The identification of these mutations has resulted in a better understanding of their oncogenic mechanisms. The remarkable antitumor effects of the molecular inhibitor imatinib have necessitated accurate diagnosis of GIST and their distinction from other gastrointestinal mes-enchymal tumors. Both traditional and minimally invasive surgery are used to remove these tumors with minimal morbidity and excellent perioperative outcomes. The revolutionary use of specific, molecularlytargeted therapies, such as imatinib mesylate, reduces the frequency of disease recurrence when used as an adjuvant following complete resection. Neoadjuvant treatment with these agents appears to stabilize disease in the majority of patients and may reduce the extent of surgical resection required for subsequent complete tumor removal. The important interplay between the molecular genetics of GIST and responses to targeted therapeutics serves as a model for the study of targeted therapies in other solid tumors. This review summarizes our current knowledge and recent advances regarding the histogenesis, pathology, molecular biology, the basis for the novel targeted cancer therapy and current evidence based management of these unique tumors.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors c-KIT Imatinib mesylate Surgery Review

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Performance evaluation of neural network TEC forecasting models over equatorial low-latitude Indian GNSS station

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2020年第3期11卷 192-201页

作者： G.Sivavaraprasad V.S.Deepika D.Sreenivasa Rao M.ravi kumar M.Sridhar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Koneru Lakshamaiah Education FoundationK L Deemed to be UniversityVaddeswaramGuntur District522502Andhra PradeshIndia

Global Positioning System(GPS)services could be improved through prediction of ionospheric delays for satellite-based radio *** respect to latitude,longitude,local time,season,solar cycle and geomagnetic activity the Total Electron Content(TEC)have significant variations in both time and *** temporal and spatial TEC variations driven by interplanetary space weather conditions such as solar and geomagnetic activities can degrade the communication and navigation links of ***,in this paper,performance of TEC forecasting models based on Neural Networks(NN)have been evaluated to forecast(1-h ahead)ionospheric TEC over equatorial low latitude Bengaluru e12:97+N;77:59+ET,Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)station,*** VTEC data is collected for 2009 e2016(8 years)during current 24 th solar *** input space for the NN models comprise the solar Extreme UV flux,F10.7 proxy,a geomagnetic planetary A index(AP)index,sunspot number(SSN),disturbance storm time(DST)index,solar wind speed(Vsw),solar wind proton density(Np),Interplanetary Magnetic Field(IMF Bz).The performance of NN based TEC forecast models and International Reference Ionosphere,IRI-2016 global TEC model has evaluated during testing period,*** NN based model driven by all the inputs,which is a NN unified model(NNunq)has shown better accuracy with Mean Absolute Error(MAE)of 3.15 TECU,Mean Square Deviation(MSD)of 16.8 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE)of 19.8%and is 1 e25%more accurate than the other NN based TEC forecast models(NN1,NN2 and NN3)and IRI-2016 *** model has less Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)value 3.8 TECU and highest goodness-of-fit(R2)with *** experimental results imply that NNunq/NN1 model forecasts ionospheric TEC accurately across equatorial low-latitude GNSS station and IRI-2016 model performance is necessarily improved as its forecast accuracy is limited to 69 e70%.

关键词： Global Positioning System(GPS) Global navigation satellite systems(GNSS) Total electron content(TEC) International reference ionosphere(IRI) Neural networks

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Life Cycle Energy of Low Rise Residential Buildings in Indian Context

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2014年第4期3卷 108-118页

作者： Talakonukula Ramesh ravi Prakash Karunesh kumar Shukla Government Polytechnic Nirmal India Department of Mechanical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India

Life cycle energy of the building accounts for all energy inputs to the buildings during their intended service life. Buildings need to be constructed in such a way that energy consumption in their life cycle is minimal. Life Cycle Energy (LCE) consumption data of buildings is not available in public domain which is essentially required for building designers and policy makers to formulate strategies for reduction in LCE of buildings. The paper presents LCE of twenty (20) low rise residential buildings in Indian context. LCE of the studied buildings is varying from 160 - 380 kWh/m2 year (Primary). Based on the LCE data of studied buildings, an equation is proposed to readily reckon LCE of a new building.

关键词： Life Cycle Energy Residential Buildings Embodied Energy Operating Energy

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Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Electro-Active Nano-biopolymer Actuator

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2019年第7期9卷 225-229页

作者： ravi kumar Cheedarala Jung Il Song Research Institute of Mechatronics Department of Mechanical EngineeringChangwon National UniversityUichang-guChangwon CityGyeongnamSouth Korea

This research article introduces an electroactive actuator based on sulfonated chitosan(SCS),ionic liquid and graphene oxide(GO).To maintain the biocompatibility of the chitosan and to increase the actuation performance,a biocompatible ionic liquid such as ethyl,methylimidazolium-trifluoro methane sulfonated(EMI-TFMS)as mobile solvent was used for dry-type *** GO-reinforced SCS films obtained through a simple solvent casting method were extensively investigated because of better electro-chemo-mechanical properties and higher actuation ***-emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and Raman spectra were used to investigate the interaction mechanism between GO and *** harmonic and step responses of GO and SCS composite actuator show large bending deformations under low electric voltage.

关键词： Chitosan ionic liquid GO bio-mimetic actuator nano-biopolymer

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Life Cycle Energy Analysis of a Multifamily Residential House: A Case Study in Indian Context

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2013年第1期2卷 34-41页

作者： Talakonukula Ramesh ravi Prakash Karunesh kumar Shukla Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India Department of Mechanical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India

The paper presents life cycle energy analysis of a multifamily residential house situated in Allahabad (U.P), India. The study covers energy for construction, operation, maintenance and demolition phases of the building. The selected building is a 4-storey concrete structured multifamily residential house comprising 44 apartments with usable floor area of 2960 m2. The material used for the building structure is steel reinforced concrete and envelope is made up of burnt clay brick masonry. Embodied energy of the building is calculated based on the embodied energy coefficients of building materials applicable in Indian context. Operating energy of the building is estimated using e-Quest energy simulation software. Results show that operating energy (89%) of the building is the largest contributor to life cycle energy of the building, followed by embodied energy (11%). Steel, cement and bricks are most significant materials in terms of contribution to the initial embodied energy profile. The life cycle energy intensity of the building is found to be 75 GJ/m2 and energy index 288 kWh/m2 years (primary). Use of aerated concrete blocks in the construction of walls and for covering roof has been examined as energy saving strategy and it is found that total life cycle energy demand of the building reduces by 9.7%. In addition, building integrated photo voltaic (PV) panels are found most promising for reduction (37%) in life cycle energy (primary) use of the building.

关键词： Residential House Life Cycle Energy Embodied Energy Operating Energy PV Panels

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Projective Mapping and Product Positioning of Deep Fat Fried Snack

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第6期2卷 674-683页

作者： Ramasamy ravi Vivek kumar Singh Maya Prakash 不详

A study was carried out to examine the quality parameters of commercially available popular deep-fried snack-Mu- rukku. Eight samples (four spicy and four salty) of most commonly consumed deep-fried snacks in India, viz., murukku (an extruded strands-like product made from the mixture of rice flour and black gram dhal flour) were analyzed for moisture, oil content, CIE instrumental color (L*a*b*), instrumental texture measurement (breaking strength of murukku strands), aroma finger printing by electronic nose and sensory quality. Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) and results showed that sample ‘A’ had highest acceptance and sample D lowest acceptance scores. The results indicated that significant variations were observed in moisture content (2.21 - 3.35%), oil content (30.10 - 34.61%) and textural parameters. Electronic nose technique was found useful in fingerprinting the aroma pattern of market samples in a short time. Descriptive sensory profiling coupled with principal component analysis showed the interrelationship among and between sensory, instrumental, chemical parameters.

关键词： Deep-Fried Snacks Texture E-Nose Sensory Profiling Product Positioning PCA QDA CIE

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Repair and Restoration of the Historical Wellesley Bridge at Srirangapatna:A Case Study

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Journal of Smart Buildings and Construction Technology 2022年第1期4卷 28-39页

作者： Madan kumar L Pruthviraj S R ravi kumar C M Department of Civil Engineering Department The National Institute of EngineeringMysoreKarnatakaIndia Department of Studies in Civil Engineering University B.D.T College of EngineeringDavangereIndia

The Historical Wellesley Bridge,built by the Krishnaraja Wadiyar under the supervision of Dewan Purnaih across river Cauvery at *** of bridge is got when heavy rainfall followed by heavy inflow from Cauvery Catchment area in Kodagu *** present,the Government of Karnataka has taken measures to do the restoration works using the same previously used materials with slight ***,in the present investigation the authors are doing a case study on the above structure by testing the ingredients of the materials used for it and also by conducting Non-Destructive Test on the structure to know its strength before and after *** on the test results obtained,the authors will give a conclusion with respect to durability *** addition to the above,the authors will test for few alternative materials i.e.,lime mortar with Cement(***2 Grade Masonary mortar).Finally,from the obtained test results here the authors can suggest suitable material for the structures.

关键词： Repair and restoration Scanning electron microscope(SEM)

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Synthesis, Structural and Magnetic Properties of Copper Substituted Nickel Ferrites by Sol-Gel Method

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第2期3卷 87-91页

作者： Gopathi ravi kumar Katrapally Vijaya kumar Yarram Chetty Venudhar 不详

The Ni1–xCuxFe2O4 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0) ferrites have been prepared by sol-gel method in order to obtain homogeneous crystal structure and they are sintered at high temperature. The effect of copper doping on the structural and magnetic properties of nickel ferrites sintered at 1000°C has been examined. The X-ray diffraction measurements clearly showed the formation of single phase spinel ferrite structure in all the prepared ferrite compositions. Because of the high sintering temperature the particle size is observed beyond the nano-scale range in all the compositions. The lattice parameters are found to increase with increasing doping concentration of the copper content. Magnetization results exhibit a non-collinear ferrimagnetic structure for x = 0.0 to 0.5 and Neel’s collinear ferrimagnetic structure for x = 0.5 to 0.9 suggesting a change in magnetic ordering.

关键词： Ferrite High Sintering Temperature X-Ray Diffractograms Spinel Structure SEM Magnetic Properties

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A novel estimation algorithm for torpedo tracking in undersea environment

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第3期26卷 673-683页

作者： D.V.A.N.ravi kumar S.KOTESWARA RAO K.PADMA RAJU Department of ECE GVPCEW Department of ECE KLEF Department of ECE JNT University

A novel estimation algorithm is introduced to handle the popular undersea problem called torpedo tracking with angle-only measurements with a better approach compared to the existing filters. The new algorithm produces a better estimate from the outputs produced by the traditional nonlinear approaches with the assistance of simple noise minimizers like maximum likelihood filter or any other algorithm which belongs to their family. The introduced method is extended to the higher version in two ways. The first approach extracts a better estimate and covariance by enhancing the count of the intermediate filters, while the second approach accepts more inputs so as to attain improved performance without enhancement of the intermediate filter count. The ideal choice of the placement of towed array sensors to improve the performance of the proposed method further is suggested as the one where the line of sight and the towed array are perpendicular. The results could get even better by moving the ownship in the direction of reducing range. All the results are verified in the MATLAB environment.

关键词： estimation algorithm torpedo tracking angle-only measurements line of sight maximum likelihood filter

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Cost-Effective Traction for Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第5期4卷 130-136页

作者： ravi kumar Ray Helen Aung Steven Andrew Corbett Orthopaedic Department Guy’s & St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK Orthopaedic Department University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton UK

The application of traction has enhanced views during arthroscopic shoulder surgery, easing visualization and accurate intervention within the shoulder joint and the subacromial space. Many innovative traction techniques are currently employed, including the use of padded traction equipment attached to boom arms and further, pedal-activated, hydraulic traction equipment. Variations in patient positioning and cost-benefit analysis of the use of traction in both beach chair and lateral decubitus positions have been performed in the literature. We demonstrate the use of readily available, simple and inexpensive resources in the beach chair position, allowing the application of traction with minimal set-up time and complexity. Initial equipment outlay requires a drip stand attached to a clamp at the end of the operating trolley, permitting a hook to be applied to the arm that is attached to traction cord and weights. We minimized the cost of ongoing consumable items per case to include a stockinette and benzoic tincture. The theatre team experiences a short learning curve associated with the ease of reliability and reproducibility of this technique.

关键词： Cost Traction Shoulder Arthroscopy Beach-Chair

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