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New generation Amberlite XAD resin for the removal of metal ions: A review

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第5期27卷 104-123页

作者： Akil Ahmad Jamal Akhter Siddique Mohammad Asaduddin Laskar Rajeev Kumar siti hamidah mohd-setapar Asma Khatoon Rayees Ahmad Shiekh Centre of Lipids Engineering & Applied Research (CLEAR) Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry Faculty of Civil Engineering Czech Technical University Department of Chemistry Jazan University Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Meteorology Environment and Arid Land Agriculture King Abdulaziz University Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Taibah University

The direct determination of toxic metal ions, in environmental samples, is difficult because of the latter＇s presence in trace concentration in association with complex matrices, thereby leading to insufficient sensitivity and selectivity of the methods used. The simultaneous removal of the matrix and preconcentration of the metal ions, through solid phase extraction,serves as the promising solution. The mechanism involved in solid phase extraction（SPE）depends on the nature of the sorbent and analyte. Thus, SPE is carried out by means of adsorption, ion exchange, chelation, ion pair formation, and so forth. As polymeric supports, the commercially available Amberlite resins have been found very promising for designing chelating matrices due to its good physical and chemical properties such as porosity, high surface area,durability and purity. This review presents an overview of the various works done on the modification of Amberlite XAD resins with the objective of making it an efficient sorbent. The methods of modifications which are generally based on simple impregnation, sorption as chelates and chemical bonding have been discussed. The reported results, including the preconcentration limit, the detection limit, sorption capacity, preconcentration factors etc., have been reproduced.

关键词： Amberlite XAD Toxic metals Chelating resin Preconcentration Sorption capacity

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Survival of encapsulated probiotics through spray drying and non-refrigerated storage for animal feeds application

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 78-83页

作者： Norfahana Abd-Talib siti hamidah mohd-setapar Aidee Kamal Khamis Lee Nian-Yian Ramlan Aziz 1Institute Bio Product Development Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia 2Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Institute Bio Product Development Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia

The objective of this study is to verify potential of various types of microorganisms during spray drying and non-refrigerated storage that can be enhanced substantially by selecting suitable protective colloids. Four selected probiotics tested are Lactbacillus plantarum B13 and B18, which are the bacteria probiotics and Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces blouradii, non-bacteria probiotics. Two levels of experiment occur starting with formulation study of encapsulation agent followed by the viability study of different probiotics after spray dry and two weeks nonrefrigerated storage. The formulation of 30% of gum Arabic, 15% of gelatin and 45% of coconut oil can homogenize well at least for two hours and can produce acceptable dried product (below 4% of moisture content) at low outlet temperature (70℃ -75℃). K. lactis, S. blouradii gives 2.57% and 2.4% of viability percentage after spray drying process and 25.84% and 2.04% after two weeks nonrefrigerated storage respectively. The colonies of non-probiotics bacteria after both conditions are between 1010 and 106 cfu/mL which is among the accepted level for industrial application. However, the survival of probiotics in a spray-dried form during non-refrigerated storage is higher at low of moisture content compared to others.

关键词： Probiotics Survival Rate Spray Drying Nonrefrigerated Storage

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Omega-3 emulsion of Rubber <i>(Hevea brasiliensis)</i>seed oil

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 84-89页

作者： siti hamidah mohd-setapar Lee Nian-Yian Wan Nuraisha Wan Kamarudin Zuhaili Idham Abd-Talib Norfahana Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR) Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai Johor Malaysia

The formulation of omega-3 emulsion using rubber (Hevea Brasiliensis) seed oil based on the best performance of the emulsion in terms of higher viscosity, smaller droplet size, lower moisture content and slightly acidic pH value supported by degree of creaming in varying the type and composition of emulsifier used. Rubber seed oil contains significant value of alpha-linolenic acid which plays an important role in maintaining human health. Therefore, formulation of rubber seed oil emulsion is important to become a new source of omega-3 emulsion instead of fish oil. Rubber seed oil was mixed with distilled water and nonionic emulsifier which were lecithin and span 80 by homogenizer. From the analysis conducted, the best formulation was the emulsion with 50% of distilled water, 6% of lecithin and 47% of rubber seed oil.

关键词： Emulsion Emulsifier Lecithin Span 80

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