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Effect of Substrates on the Mycorrhization and Growth of <i>Saba senegalensis</i>under Semi-Controlled Conditions

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1612-1622页

作者： Paul Diouf sire diedhiou Dioumacor Fall Daouda Ngom Mariama Dalanda Diallo Ibrahima Ndoye Agroforestry Department Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal Senegalese Institute of Agricultural Research Dakar Senegal Plant Biology Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Agronomic Sciences of Aquaculture and Food Technology UFR UGB Saint-Louis Sénégal

Saba senegalensis is a wild edible fruit plant species with a high economic potential which can be used to fight food insecurity in rural areas and to reduce poverty. Domestication programs are being carried out to boost production. However, no studies have been done to determine the optimal soil properties for growing S. senegalensis. This study was carried out to determine the effects of the physical and chemical properties of different substrates on the mycorrhization and growth of S. senegalensis under semi-controlled conditions. S. senegalensis seeds were grown for 4 months in the nursery using five substrates: S1 (1/2 sand + 1/2 potting soil), S2 (1/3 sand + 2/3 potting soil), S3 (2/3 sand + 1/3 potting soil), S4 (potting soil) and S5 (sand). The intensity of mycorrhization was highest for plants grown on substrates with a lowest clay, silt, and nutrient content S3 (29.5%) and S5 (23.5%) respectively. Substrates with much higher clay and silt content stimulated better the growth of S. senegalensis than substrates with lower silt clay and nutrient content. In the context of domestication, the quality of the substrates could be used to stimulate the mycorrhization and the growth of S. senegalensis and thus quickly produce vigorous plants.

关键词： Mycorrhizal Intensity Nursery Physicochemical Properties Wild Fruit

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Arid Agroecosystem Shrubs Enhance Enzyme Activities during the Dry Season

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第2期11卷 180-188页

作者： sire diedhiou Komi B. Assigbetsee Arfang O. K. Goudiaby Ibrahima diedhiou Aminata N. Badiane Modou Sène Mamadou Khouma Arona N. S. Samba Richard P. Dick Agroforestry Department Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal Crop and Soil Sciences Department Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA French Research Institute for Development (IRD) Dakar Senegal National School of Agriculture Thies University Thies Senegal Senegalese Agricultural Research Institute (ISRA) Dakar Senegal School of Natural Ressources Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

In Senegal, in the Sahel region, the agroecosystem is dominated by two Sahelian shrubs able to redistribute water from deep soil to the surface. This study was carried out to determine the impact of these shrubs on soil microbial activity. A 2 × 3 factorial design was set up during the dry and wet season with three soil treatments: rhizospheric, bulk and non-rhizospheric soil. During the dry season, the presence of shrubs resulted in significantly higher phosphatase acid activity for Guiera senegalensis (p < 0.001), respectively, 717 μg pNP/h/g of dry soil in the rhizosphere soil, 333 μg pNP/h/g in the bulk soil and 193 μg pNP/h/g in the non-rhizosphere soil. The same trend was observed for all other enzyme activities and MBC during both seasons except for mineral N. Mineral N was not statistically different between the rhizospheric and bulk soil during the dry season. β-glucosidase and phosphatase acid had the highest correlation with the rhizospheric soil during the dry season respectively 98% and 97%. Soil moisture content was highly correlated with the rhizospheric soil (85%), chitinase activity (99%) and β-glucosidase (97%). Shrubs maintained a moister environment during the dry season which was critical in stimulating microbial activities;this has significant implications for agroecosystem management in the Sahel.

关键词： Shrubs Sahel Hydraulic Lift Enzyme Activities Rhizosphere

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